Test Bank for CHEMISTRY AN ATOMS FOCUSED
APPROACH, 2e Stacey Lowery Bretz, Natalie Foster,
Thomas Gilbert, Rein Kirss
Chapter 01: Matter and Energy-An Atomic Perspective
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement correctly describes the properties of gaseous helium (He)?
a. The gas is not highly compressible even though the atoms do not occupy the entire volume
of the container.
b. The gas is highly compressible because there is a lot of empty space between the atoms.
c. The atoms are moving rapidly about the container, giving the gas its definite shape.
d. The gas has a definite volume and shape because the atoms are not moving about the
container.
e. A gas takes the shape of the container, but its total volume cannot change.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Distinguish between the phases of matter MSC: Remembering
2. Solid carbon dioxide (CO2) can undergo sublimation to form gaseous CO2. Which of the following
statements is true?
a. In the solid phase, CO2 molecules easily slip past each other and there are areas of
randomly ordered molecules.
b. In the gas phase, CO2 molecules are strongly attracted to each other.
c. The motion of the CO2 molecules in the solid phase is much more restricted than in the gas
phase.
d. CO2 molecules in the solid phase are easily compressed to smaller volumes.
e. The CO2 molecules decompose to form carbon and oxygen when they enter the gas phase.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Explain how the particulate nature of matter describes properties
MSC: Understanding
3. Which statement describing the properties of the different phases of a sample of matter is true?
a. The particles in both the gas and liquid phases are highly ordered and are in close
proximity to one another.
b. The particles in the liquid phase are highly compressible because they can slip past one
another.
c. The particles in both the solid and liquid phases are free to assume any shape and their
nearest neighbors change over time.
d. The solid phase is rigid, even though its constituent particles may vibrate a little depending
on their temperature.
e. Localized areas of order can form in the gas phase because the particles experience
significant attractions to one another.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Explain how the particulate nature of matter describes properties
MSC: Remembering
,4. Equal amounts of water undergo the following changes. Which of the following would involve the
largest change in energy?
a. Ice is melted to form liquid water at 0C.
b. Ice at −25C is heated to 0C.
c. Water is heated from 25C to 50C.
d. Steam at 100C is cooled and condensed to form liquid water at 85C.
e. Water at 0C is heated and vaporized to form steam at 120C.
ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: 1.1
OBJ: Describe how temperature affects the properties of matter
MSC: Analyzing
5. Equal amounts of a pure substance undergo the following changes. Which process would you predict
releases the greatest amount of energy?
a. deposition (gas solid) d. condensation (gas liquid)
b. vaporization (liquid gas) e. melting (solid liquid)
c. freezing (liquid solid)
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 1.1
OBJ: Describe the processes of sublimation, melting, vaporization, condensation, freezing, deposition
MSC: Analyzing
6. Which of the following statements about energy, work, and heat is NOT true?
a. Adding heat to a sample of matter increases the average kinetic energy of its constituent
particles.
b. Thermal energy is the portion of the energy of an object that increases as temperature
increases.
c. When an object does work, part of the energy it expends is destroyed as it converts to heat.
d. The energy available from some chemical reactions can be used to do work and/or
produce heat.
e. Heat involves the transfer of energy from a hotter object to a cooler one.
ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Define energy, work, and heat MSC: Analyzing
7. Which of the following is an example of potential energy?
a. water running down a hill d. a crowd moving a barricade
b. chemical bonds in table sugar (sucrose) e. molecules moving randomly in a liquid
c. electrons flowing through a wire
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Understanding
8. Equal amounts of water are present under the following conditions. In which case do the water
molecules have the highest kinetic energy?
a. as ice at −10C (14F) d. in the gas phase at 150C (302F)
b. as steam at 100C (212F) e. in the solid phase at 0C (32F)
c. in the liquid phase at 80C (176F)
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Understanding
9. If the speed of an object triples, its kinetic energy__________
a. increases by a factor of 3. d. decreases by a factor of 9.
, b. increases by a factor of 9. e. is unaffected.
c. decreases by a factor of 3.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Understanding
10. Consider electrons traveling through a copper (Cu) wire at a speed of 0.024 centimeters per second.
What is true about the energy of their motion?
a. It is primarily kinetic.
b. It is primarily potential.
c. It would be unaffected if the speed of the electrons increased.
d. It is strongly affected by gravity.
e. It cannot be used to do work.
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Applying
11. Work is defined as the exertion of force through a distance. Which of the following is NOT an
example of work?
a. Molecules in air push against the blades of a windmill.
b. Blood is pumped through the circulatory system.
c. Electrons flow against the resistance present in a copper wire.
d. Thermal energy (heat) is transferred from a hot stove to the surrounding air.
e. A student lifts a book off of the floor.
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Analyzing
12. Which has the highest kinetic energy, assuming all follow the equation, KE = mu2, where m is the
mass and u is the velocity?
a. a one-ton (910 kg) truck traveling at 65 miles per hour (29 m/s)
b. an electron with a mass of 9.11 10−27 kg traveling at 2.97 108 m/s (99% of the speed of
light)
c. an oxygen molecule with a mass of 5.31 10−26 kg traveling at 394 m/s (roughly its speed
at room temperature)
d. Usain Bolt, who has a mass of approximately 94 kg, running at 10 m/s (22.4 miles per
hour)
e. an oil tanker with a mass of 3 107 kg traveling at 9 m/s (20 miles per hour)
ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Analyzing
13. At what velocity would a proton be traveling if it had the same kinetic energy as an electron traveling
at 10.0% of the speed of light?
KE = mu2, where m is the mass and u is the velocity; proton mass = 1.673 10−27 kg;
electron mass = 9.109 10−31 kg; speed of light = 2.998 108 m/s
a. 4.89 1011 m/s d. 7.00 105 m/s
b. 2.45 10 m/s
11
e. 3.50 105 m/s
c. 4.95 10 m/s
5
ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Evaluating
, 14. The electrostatic potential energy (Eel) between a pair of charged particles is proportional to their
charges, Q1 and Q2, and inversely proportional to the distance between the centers of the ions, d.
Oppositely charged particles attract each other while like particles repel. Which statement is true?
a. As the distance between particles with like charges increases, the potential energy
decreases.
b. If d is doubled and Q1 is doubled, the potential energy doubles.
c. As the distance between particles with opposite charges increases, the potential energy
decreases.
d. If the magnitude of the charges increases, the potential energy decreases.
e. If both Q1 and Q2 have a value of −1, the potential energy is negative.
ANS: A DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Evaluating
15. A pure substance __________
a. must be composed of atoms of the same type.
b. cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
c. must be a compound.
d. has different chemical properties depending on its source.
e. can have a composition that varies from sample to sample.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures MSC: Remembering
16. Which of the following is NOT a pure substance?
a. sparkling water d. water vapor
b. gold metal e. dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)
c. oxygen gas
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures MSC: Understanding
17. Which of the following is a pure substance?
a. seawater d. sucrose (table sugar)
b. blood e. beer
c. brass (an alloy of copper and zinc)
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures MSC: Understanding
18. A molecule __________
a. must contain at least two types of atoms.
b. can be an element or a compound.
c. cannot form a solid.
d. cannot be broken into its constituent atoms by any means.
e. can contain only one type of atom.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between elements and compounds MSC: Remembering
19. A particular compound __________
a. breaks into its constituent atoms during phase changes.
APPROACH, 2e Stacey Lowery Bretz, Natalie Foster,
Thomas Gilbert, Rein Kirss
Chapter 01: Matter and Energy-An Atomic Perspective
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement correctly describes the properties of gaseous helium (He)?
a. The gas is not highly compressible even though the atoms do not occupy the entire volume
of the container.
b. The gas is highly compressible because there is a lot of empty space between the atoms.
c. The atoms are moving rapidly about the container, giving the gas its definite shape.
d. The gas has a definite volume and shape because the atoms are not moving about the
container.
e. A gas takes the shape of the container, but its total volume cannot change.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Distinguish between the phases of matter MSC: Remembering
2. Solid carbon dioxide (CO2) can undergo sublimation to form gaseous CO2. Which of the following
statements is true?
a. In the solid phase, CO2 molecules easily slip past each other and there are areas of
randomly ordered molecules.
b. In the gas phase, CO2 molecules are strongly attracted to each other.
c. The motion of the CO2 molecules in the solid phase is much more restricted than in the gas
phase.
d. CO2 molecules in the solid phase are easily compressed to smaller volumes.
e. The CO2 molecules decompose to form carbon and oxygen when they enter the gas phase.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Explain how the particulate nature of matter describes properties
MSC: Understanding
3. Which statement describing the properties of the different phases of a sample of matter is true?
a. The particles in both the gas and liquid phases are highly ordered and are in close
proximity to one another.
b. The particles in the liquid phase are highly compressible because they can slip past one
another.
c. The particles in both the solid and liquid phases are free to assume any shape and their
nearest neighbors change over time.
d. The solid phase is rigid, even though its constituent particles may vibrate a little depending
on their temperature.
e. Localized areas of order can form in the gas phase because the particles experience
significant attractions to one another.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Explain how the particulate nature of matter describes properties
MSC: Remembering
,4. Equal amounts of water undergo the following changes. Which of the following would involve the
largest change in energy?
a. Ice is melted to form liquid water at 0C.
b. Ice at −25C is heated to 0C.
c. Water is heated from 25C to 50C.
d. Steam at 100C is cooled and condensed to form liquid water at 85C.
e. Water at 0C is heated and vaporized to form steam at 120C.
ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: 1.1
OBJ: Describe how temperature affects the properties of matter
MSC: Analyzing
5. Equal amounts of a pure substance undergo the following changes. Which process would you predict
releases the greatest amount of energy?
a. deposition (gas solid) d. condensation (gas liquid)
b. vaporization (liquid gas) e. melting (solid liquid)
c. freezing (liquid solid)
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 1.1
OBJ: Describe the processes of sublimation, melting, vaporization, condensation, freezing, deposition
MSC: Analyzing
6. Which of the following statements about energy, work, and heat is NOT true?
a. Adding heat to a sample of matter increases the average kinetic energy of its constituent
particles.
b. Thermal energy is the portion of the energy of an object that increases as temperature
increases.
c. When an object does work, part of the energy it expends is destroyed as it converts to heat.
d. The energy available from some chemical reactions can be used to do work and/or
produce heat.
e. Heat involves the transfer of energy from a hotter object to a cooler one.
ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Define energy, work, and heat MSC: Analyzing
7. Which of the following is an example of potential energy?
a. water running down a hill d. a crowd moving a barricade
b. chemical bonds in table sugar (sucrose) e. molecules moving randomly in a liquid
c. electrons flowing through a wire
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Understanding
8. Equal amounts of water are present under the following conditions. In which case do the water
molecules have the highest kinetic energy?
a. as ice at −10C (14F) d. in the gas phase at 150C (302F)
b. as steam at 100C (212F) e. in the solid phase at 0C (32F)
c. in the liquid phase at 80C (176F)
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Understanding
9. If the speed of an object triples, its kinetic energy__________
a. increases by a factor of 3. d. decreases by a factor of 9.
, b. increases by a factor of 9. e. is unaffected.
c. decreases by a factor of 3.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Understanding
10. Consider electrons traveling through a copper (Cu) wire at a speed of 0.024 centimeters per second.
What is true about the energy of their motion?
a. It is primarily kinetic.
b. It is primarily potential.
c. It would be unaffected if the speed of the electrons increased.
d. It is strongly affected by gravity.
e. It cannot be used to do work.
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Applying
11. Work is defined as the exertion of force through a distance. Which of the following is NOT an
example of work?
a. Molecules in air push against the blades of a windmill.
b. Blood is pumped through the circulatory system.
c. Electrons flow against the resistance present in a copper wire.
d. Thermal energy (heat) is transferred from a hot stove to the surrounding air.
e. A student lifts a book off of the floor.
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Analyzing
12. Which has the highest kinetic energy, assuming all follow the equation, KE = mu2, where m is the
mass and u is the velocity?
a. a one-ton (910 kg) truck traveling at 65 miles per hour (29 m/s)
b. an electron with a mass of 9.11 10−27 kg traveling at 2.97 108 m/s (99% of the speed of
light)
c. an oxygen molecule with a mass of 5.31 10−26 kg traveling at 394 m/s (roughly its speed
at room temperature)
d. Usain Bolt, who has a mass of approximately 94 kg, running at 10 m/s (22.4 miles per
hour)
e. an oil tanker with a mass of 3 107 kg traveling at 9 m/s (20 miles per hour)
ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Analyzing
13. At what velocity would a proton be traveling if it had the same kinetic energy as an electron traveling
at 10.0% of the speed of light?
KE = mu2, where m is the mass and u is the velocity; proton mass = 1.673 10−27 kg;
electron mass = 9.109 10−31 kg; speed of light = 2.998 108 m/s
a. 4.89 1011 m/s d. 7.00 105 m/s
b. 2.45 10 m/s
11
e. 3.50 105 m/s
c. 4.95 10 m/s
5
ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Evaluating
, 14. The electrostatic potential energy (Eel) between a pair of charged particles is proportional to their
charges, Q1 and Q2, and inversely proportional to the distance between the centers of the ions, d.
Oppositely charged particles attract each other while like particles repel. Which statement is true?
a. As the distance between particles with like charges increases, the potential energy
decreases.
b. If d is doubled and Q1 is doubled, the potential energy doubles.
c. As the distance between particles with opposite charges increases, the potential energy
decreases.
d. If the magnitude of the charges increases, the potential energy decreases.
e. If both Q1 and Q2 have a value of −1, the potential energy is negative.
ANS: A DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2
OBJ: Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy MSC: Evaluating
15. A pure substance __________
a. must be composed of atoms of the same type.
b. cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
c. must be a compound.
d. has different chemical properties depending on its source.
e. can have a composition that varies from sample to sample.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures MSC: Remembering
16. Which of the following is NOT a pure substance?
a. sparkling water d. water vapor
b. gold metal e. dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)
c. oxygen gas
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures MSC: Understanding
17. Which of the following is a pure substance?
a. seawater d. sucrose (table sugar)
b. blood e. beer
c. brass (an alloy of copper and zinc)
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures MSC: Understanding
18. A molecule __________
a. must contain at least two types of atoms.
b. can be an element or a compound.
c. cannot form a solid.
d. cannot be broken into its constituent atoms by any means.
e. can contain only one type of atom.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Distinguish between elements and compounds MSC: Remembering
19. A particular compound __________
a. breaks into its constituent atoms during phase changes.
