8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic STUDY GUIDE
EXAM 2025 -2026\LATEST VERSION WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
DETAILED ANSWERS
- Guard against influence
- Recognize everyone is Bias
Strategies to Counter Implicit
- Seek awareness and education
Biases
- Know you are susceptible
- Person based approach
Two-pronged approach to
Criminal Justice - Community based model
Bank Account Concept of Every Encounter is a deposit or withdraw on Police Legitimacy.
Procedural Justice
- Giving others a voice
List the 4 core principles of - Neutrality in decision making
Procedural Justice - Respectful Treatment
- Trustworthiness
- Community & Citizens
- Law Enforcement
Ethical Responsibilities - Your Agency
- Your Family
- Yourself
- Friends and Family
- Citizens
- Media
- Department Regulations
External Influences on
- Policies
Behavior
- Police Subculture
- Sense of community
- Fidelity / Loyalty
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,8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
- Own ethical and moral beliefs
- Anger
Internal Influences on - Greed
Behavior - Lust
- Internal Rationalizations
- Process
- Victimization
Continuum of Compromise - Acts of omission
- Acts of commission / Action
- Acts of Commission / Criminal
Policies - are they consistent
with agency? Legal - Is it
List the PLUS model
lawful?
Universal - are the policies
universal? Self - Does it
align with my beliefs?
- Preserve Knowledge
- Foundation of a formal report
Uses of Field Notes - Aids in further investigation
- Evidence in court
- Documents officer's efforts
- Info on victim, witness and suspect
- Date/ Time
- Location
Types of info in field notes
- Details of incident
- Disposition of evidence, property, and subject
- Report number
- who
- what
- when
Essential Questions to answer
- where
in a Report
- why
- how
- Complete
Requirements of a well written - Factual
report - Accurate
Explain Crime An act that the law makes punishable.
2/67
,8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
- Purposely
- Knowingly
Name 4 mental states - Recklessly
- Negligently
* Strict Liability
- Intention to cause a certain result
Define Purposely
- The offender intended to engage
Define Knowingly - Aware that the conduct will probably cause a certain result
Define Recklessly - Heedless indifference to the consequences
Substantial lapse from due care, fails to perceive or
Define Negligently
avoid a risk that one's conduct may cause a certain
result.
- A government's power to exercise authority over all
Explain Jurisdiction
persons and things within a territory.
Statutory Law The body of law derived from statutes.
The law found in the collection of reported cases that
Case Law
form all or part of the body of the law within a given
jurisdiction.
Any violence, compulsion or constraint physically
Define Force
extended by any means on or against a person or
thing.
Any force which carries a substantial risk that it will
Define Deadly Force
proximately result in the death of any person
Any injury, illness, or other physiological impairment
Physical Harm
regardless of gravity or duration.
- Any mental illness or condition of such gravity that would
require hospitalization.
Serious Physical Harm - Any physical harm with substantial risk of death.
- Permanent or temporary incapacity.
- Permanent or temporary serious disfigurement.
- Any Physical harm that involves acute prolonged pain or
substantial suffering.
- Any tangible or intangible damage to property that
Physical Harm to Property
results in loss of value or interferes with enjoyment.
- Substantial loss to the value of the property or
requires substantial time, effort, or money to repair
Serious Physical Harm to
Property of replace.
- Temporarily prevents the use or enjoyment of the
3/67
, 8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
property or interferes with the use or enjoyment for
extended periods of time.
- Being a criminal partner
Complicity - Any involvement in wrongdoing
- Charge is one lesser degree...
- Unjust secret plan
Conspiracy
- Charge is the same level as offender.
- Failure to complete something
Attempt - Unsuccessful try
- Charge is one lesser degree
In-View - 2935.03
- offences of Violence
- Criminal Child Enticement
- Menacing by stalking
- Domestic Violence
Warrantless Arrests
- Public Indecency
- Felony Drug
- Aggravated Trespass
- Violating a protection order
1. Is it conduct or
contact?
Conduct ...
- Rape
- Sexual Battery
NOT SPO* Sex Crime Key
- Unlawful sexual conduct with a minor
Contact...
- GSI is under 13
- SI is 13, 14, 15 and offender is less than 4yrs older.
- Vaginal Intercourse
- Fellatio
Sexual Conduct - Cunninlingus
- Penetration ever so slight is enough for vaginal or anal
intercourse
- Inserting any body part, instrument, or apparatus into and
opening of another.
- Any touching of an erogenous zone of another which
Sexual Contact
is the thighs, genitals, buttock, pubic region, or
4/67
Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic STUDY GUIDE
EXAM 2025 -2026\LATEST VERSION WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
DETAILED ANSWERS
- Guard against influence
- Recognize everyone is Bias
Strategies to Counter Implicit
- Seek awareness and education
Biases
- Know you are susceptible
- Person based approach
Two-pronged approach to
Criminal Justice - Community based model
Bank Account Concept of Every Encounter is a deposit or withdraw on Police Legitimacy.
Procedural Justice
- Giving others a voice
List the 4 core principles of - Neutrality in decision making
Procedural Justice - Respectful Treatment
- Trustworthiness
- Community & Citizens
- Law Enforcement
Ethical Responsibilities - Your Agency
- Your Family
- Yourself
- Friends and Family
- Citizens
- Media
- Department Regulations
External Influences on
- Policies
Behavior
- Police Subculture
- Sense of community
- Fidelity / Loyalty
1/67
,8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
- Own ethical and moral beliefs
- Anger
Internal Influences on - Greed
Behavior - Lust
- Internal Rationalizations
- Process
- Victimization
Continuum of Compromise - Acts of omission
- Acts of commission / Action
- Acts of Commission / Criminal
Policies - are they consistent
with agency? Legal - Is it
List the PLUS model
lawful?
Universal - are the policies
universal? Self - Does it
align with my beliefs?
- Preserve Knowledge
- Foundation of a formal report
Uses of Field Notes - Aids in further investigation
- Evidence in court
- Documents officer's efforts
- Info on victim, witness and suspect
- Date/ Time
- Location
Types of info in field notes
- Details of incident
- Disposition of evidence, property, and subject
- Report number
- who
- what
- when
Essential Questions to answer
- where
in a Report
- why
- how
- Complete
Requirements of a well written - Factual
report - Accurate
Explain Crime An act that the law makes punishable.
2/67
,8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
- Purposely
- Knowingly
Name 4 mental states - Recklessly
- Negligently
* Strict Liability
- Intention to cause a certain result
Define Purposely
- The offender intended to engage
Define Knowingly - Aware that the conduct will probably cause a certain result
Define Recklessly - Heedless indifference to the consequences
Substantial lapse from due care, fails to perceive or
Define Negligently
avoid a risk that one's conduct may cause a certain
result.
- A government's power to exercise authority over all
Explain Jurisdiction
persons and things within a territory.
Statutory Law The body of law derived from statutes.
The law found in the collection of reported cases that
Case Law
form all or part of the body of the law within a given
jurisdiction.
Any violence, compulsion or constraint physically
Define Force
extended by any means on or against a person or
thing.
Any force which carries a substantial risk that it will
Define Deadly Force
proximately result in the death of any person
Any injury, illness, or other physiological impairment
Physical Harm
regardless of gravity or duration.
- Any mental illness or condition of such gravity that would
require hospitalization.
Serious Physical Harm - Any physical harm with substantial risk of death.
- Permanent or temporary incapacity.
- Permanent or temporary serious disfigurement.
- Any Physical harm that involves acute prolonged pain or
substantial suffering.
- Any tangible or intangible damage to property that
Physical Harm to Property
results in loss of value or interferes with enjoyment.
- Substantial loss to the value of the property or
requires substantial time, effort, or money to repair
Serious Physical Harm to
Property of replace.
- Temporarily prevents the use or enjoyment of the
3/67
, 8/13/25, 8:46 PM Opota Ohio Peace Officer Basic
property or interferes with the use or enjoyment for
extended periods of time.
- Being a criminal partner
Complicity - Any involvement in wrongdoing
- Charge is one lesser degree...
- Unjust secret plan
Conspiracy
- Charge is the same level as offender.
- Failure to complete something
Attempt - Unsuccessful try
- Charge is one lesser degree
In-View - 2935.03
- offences of Violence
- Criminal Child Enticement
- Menacing by stalking
- Domestic Violence
Warrantless Arrests
- Public Indecency
- Felony Drug
- Aggravated Trespass
- Violating a protection order
1. Is it conduct or
contact?
Conduct ...
- Rape
- Sexual Battery
NOT SPO* Sex Crime Key
- Unlawful sexual conduct with a minor
Contact...
- GSI is under 13
- SI is 13, 14, 15 and offender is less than 4yrs older.
- Vaginal Intercourse
- Fellatio
Sexual Conduct - Cunninlingus
- Penetration ever so slight is enough for vaginal or anal
intercourse
- Inserting any body part, instrument, or apparatus into and
opening of another.
- Any touching of an erogenous zone of another which
Sexual Contact
is the thighs, genitals, buttock, pubic region, or
4/67
