TEST BANK for
Language, Culture, and Communication (7th
Edition) 7th Edition Latest Version 2025/2027
[A+] All Chapters Fully Covered
by Nancy Bonvillain (Author)
, Chapter 1 – Introduction
Chapter Objectives
After Reading This Chapter Students Should Be Able To:
1. Explain The Concept Of A Speech Communit y.
2. Explain The Goals And Methodologies Of Ethnolinguists.
3. Explain The Goals And Methodologies Of Sociolinguists.
4. Describe The Similarities And Differences Between Ethnolinguistic
And Sociolinguistic Approaches To Communicative Behavior.
5. Define Discourse And Understand Its Importance In The Stud y Of Interaction.
6. Explain What Language Ideologies Are And How The y Are Connected To
Language Use.
Chapter Overview
This Chapter Introduces The Student To The Basic Connections Between Language,
Identit y, And Ideolog y As Well As Some Methodologies To Explore These
Connections. The Chapter Begins B y Describing The Difference Between Situational,
Social, And Cultural Meanings, As Well As Stressing The Importance Of Context And
Cultural Models On Communicative Behavior. Next, The Author Introduces The Student
To The Ideas Of Speech Communit y And Speech Network, Noting The Differences
Between The Two Notions And How Both Affect Language Use. The Different Levels
Of Linguistic Pressures And Control In Dense And Weak Social Networks Are Also
Addressed. Following This, Students Are Presented With The Basic Assumptions, Goals,
And Methodologies Involved In Ethnolinguistics, Sociolinguistics And Language
Variation Studies, Discourse Anal ysis, And Critical Discourse Anal ysis. Finall y, The
Chapter Defines Language Ideologies And Gives Basic Background Information About
The Dissemination And Effects Of Language Ideologies.
Technical Terms: Anthropologist, Critical Discourse Anal ysis, Cultural Meanings,
Cultural Model, Discourse, Discourse Anal ysis, Ethnographic, Ethnograph y Of
Communication, Ethnolinguist, Ethnolinguistic Approach, Language Ideologies,
Linguist, Linguistic Variation, Situational Meanings, Social Meanings, Sociolinguistic
Approach, Sociolinguistics, Speech Communit y, Speech Network
Chapter Outline
I. Introduction
• Speech Communities
• Ethnolinguistics
• Sociolinguistics
,• Discourse
, • Language Ideologies
II. Plan Of The Book
Discussion Questions
1. Labov States That Members Of Speech Communities Have Shared Language Norms
And Attitudes. Has A Member Of Your Speech Communit y Ever Corrected Your
Language Use, Or Have You Ever Corrected Someone Else? What Do These
Corrections Reveal About The Norms And Attitudes Of Your Speech Communit y?
2. Which Variables In Your Own Speech Are Tied To Certain Aspects Of Your
Identit y? For Example, Are There An y Things You Sa y (Or Wa ys That You Sa y
Them) That Connect To Your Geographical Region, Gender, Sexual Orientation,
Race, Ethnicit y, Religion, Political Orientation, Profession, Etc.?
3. Do You Think Your Speech Changes Based On The Situation—What You Are
Doing, Where You Are, Or Who You Are With? Does It Remain The Same? If It Does
Change, In What Wa ys Does It Var y?
4. Brainstorm Some Things That People “Should” And “Should Not” Do With Language.
What Do The Ideas Generated In The Brainstorming Session Reveal About The
Language Ideologies Of The Class Or The Larger Communit y?
Research Questions
1. Observe Coworkers Communicating At Work. Write Down An y Specialized
Terms You Hear The Emplo yees Use. Write An Essa y In Which You Describe The
Jargon Used In That Workplace Setting And Reflect Upon The Social Meanings Of
Those Terms.
2. Linguist Penelope Eckert Has Posited That There Are Three Waves Of Variation
Studies In Sociolinguistics. Read Her Article On This Subject And Write An Essa y
Which Compares And Contrasts The Three Approaches To Linguistic Variation That
She Describes.
3. Choose A Social Factor That Affects Language Use—Gender, Race, Age,
Socioeconomic Class, Etc.—And Investigate Studies That Examine That Factor.
Write A Review Of The Literature You Find That Discusses The Linguistic Effects
Of That Particular Social Factor.
Other Readings:
Gumperz, John J. And Dell H ymes (Eds.). 1986. Directions In Sociolinguistics: The
Ethnograph y Of Communication. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, Ltd.
H ymes, Dell. 1974. Foundations Of Socio-Linguistics. Philadelphia: Universit y Of
Language, Culture, and Communication (7th
Edition) 7th Edition Latest Version 2025/2027
[A+] All Chapters Fully Covered
by Nancy Bonvillain (Author)
, Chapter 1 – Introduction
Chapter Objectives
After Reading This Chapter Students Should Be Able To:
1. Explain The Concept Of A Speech Communit y.
2. Explain The Goals And Methodologies Of Ethnolinguists.
3. Explain The Goals And Methodologies Of Sociolinguists.
4. Describe The Similarities And Differences Between Ethnolinguistic
And Sociolinguistic Approaches To Communicative Behavior.
5. Define Discourse And Understand Its Importance In The Stud y Of Interaction.
6. Explain What Language Ideologies Are And How The y Are Connected To
Language Use.
Chapter Overview
This Chapter Introduces The Student To The Basic Connections Between Language,
Identit y, And Ideolog y As Well As Some Methodologies To Explore These
Connections. The Chapter Begins B y Describing The Difference Between Situational,
Social, And Cultural Meanings, As Well As Stressing The Importance Of Context And
Cultural Models On Communicative Behavior. Next, The Author Introduces The Student
To The Ideas Of Speech Communit y And Speech Network, Noting The Differences
Between The Two Notions And How Both Affect Language Use. The Different Levels
Of Linguistic Pressures And Control In Dense And Weak Social Networks Are Also
Addressed. Following This, Students Are Presented With The Basic Assumptions, Goals,
And Methodologies Involved In Ethnolinguistics, Sociolinguistics And Language
Variation Studies, Discourse Anal ysis, And Critical Discourse Anal ysis. Finall y, The
Chapter Defines Language Ideologies And Gives Basic Background Information About
The Dissemination And Effects Of Language Ideologies.
Technical Terms: Anthropologist, Critical Discourse Anal ysis, Cultural Meanings,
Cultural Model, Discourse, Discourse Anal ysis, Ethnographic, Ethnograph y Of
Communication, Ethnolinguist, Ethnolinguistic Approach, Language Ideologies,
Linguist, Linguistic Variation, Situational Meanings, Social Meanings, Sociolinguistic
Approach, Sociolinguistics, Speech Communit y, Speech Network
Chapter Outline
I. Introduction
• Speech Communities
• Ethnolinguistics
• Sociolinguistics
,• Discourse
, • Language Ideologies
II. Plan Of The Book
Discussion Questions
1. Labov States That Members Of Speech Communities Have Shared Language Norms
And Attitudes. Has A Member Of Your Speech Communit y Ever Corrected Your
Language Use, Or Have You Ever Corrected Someone Else? What Do These
Corrections Reveal About The Norms And Attitudes Of Your Speech Communit y?
2. Which Variables In Your Own Speech Are Tied To Certain Aspects Of Your
Identit y? For Example, Are There An y Things You Sa y (Or Wa ys That You Sa y
Them) That Connect To Your Geographical Region, Gender, Sexual Orientation,
Race, Ethnicit y, Religion, Political Orientation, Profession, Etc.?
3. Do You Think Your Speech Changes Based On The Situation—What You Are
Doing, Where You Are, Or Who You Are With? Does It Remain The Same? If It Does
Change, In What Wa ys Does It Var y?
4. Brainstorm Some Things That People “Should” And “Should Not” Do With Language.
What Do The Ideas Generated In The Brainstorming Session Reveal About The
Language Ideologies Of The Class Or The Larger Communit y?
Research Questions
1. Observe Coworkers Communicating At Work. Write Down An y Specialized
Terms You Hear The Emplo yees Use. Write An Essa y In Which You Describe The
Jargon Used In That Workplace Setting And Reflect Upon The Social Meanings Of
Those Terms.
2. Linguist Penelope Eckert Has Posited That There Are Three Waves Of Variation
Studies In Sociolinguistics. Read Her Article On This Subject And Write An Essa y
Which Compares And Contrasts The Three Approaches To Linguistic Variation That
She Describes.
3. Choose A Social Factor That Affects Language Use—Gender, Race, Age,
Socioeconomic Class, Etc.—And Investigate Studies That Examine That Factor.
Write A Review Of The Literature You Find That Discusses The Linguistic Effects
Of That Particular Social Factor.
Other Readings:
Gumperz, John J. And Dell H ymes (Eds.). 1986. Directions In Sociolinguistics: The
Ethnograph y Of Communication. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, Ltd.
H ymes, Dell. 1974. Foundations Of Socio-Linguistics. Philadelphia: Universit y Of
