STRAIGHTERLINE INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

STRAIGHTERLINE INTRODUCTION TO
STATISTICS EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS


Four steps in the process of statistics - ANS 1. Producing Data
2. Exploratory Data Analysis
3. Probability
4. Inference


Categorical variable - ANS places individuals into one of several groups
Two types: nominal and ordinal


Quantitative Variable - ANS represents a measurement or a count
Two types: Interval and ratio


Nominal Variable - ANS categorical variables where there is no natural order among the
categories


Ordinal variable - ANS categorical variables where there is natural order among the
categories


Interval Variable - ANS a measurement or count for which it makes sense to talk about the
difference between values, but it does not make sense to talk about the ratio between values; 0
does not represent the absence of quanitity
1Page




@COPYRIGHT FYNDLAY 2025/2026

, Ratio Variable - ANS quantitative variables for which it makes sense to talk about the
difference between values AND the ratio between values; 0 represents the absence of quantity


What type of variable?:

eye color - ANS nominal


What type of variable?:

socioeconomic status with categories low, med, high - ANS Ordinal


What type of variable?:

Temperature - ANS Interval


What type of variable?:

Income - ANS Ratio


Visual display and numerical summary for a single categorical variable - ANS pie chart or bar
chart
and category percentages


Visual display and numerical summary for a single quantitative variable - ANS histogram or
stemplot
and descriptive statistics


Visual display and numerical summary for C->C - ANS Two way table and conditional
percentages


Visual display and numerical summary for C->Q - ANS Side by side box plots and descriptive
statistics
2
Page




@COPYRIGHT FYNDLAY 2025/2026