Summary Philosophy 144 Exam Summaries

# theory largument
FREE WILL * counter/challenge
# response to counter

1. Alternate possibilities to choose

2 .
Freedom of actions 3 MR

Y
Common sense
·
actions = free =
MR
·
thoughts etc. = out of our control (xDavid Hume)

Phil try looking at morality wout speaking about freedom

S
DETERMINISM RANDOMNESS
All events = result of preceding events . . . ·
actions = random 3 blind
·
denies poss. of having done otherwise
- will always do same under same circumstances




<
DILEMMA
NOT FREE EITHER WAY

(det .
I random) Or RESP FOR ACTIONS
DET .
US FREE WILL



Incompatibilists
Freedom :
poss. of having done otherwise
Determinism : denial of



① LIBERTARIANISM how action be undet.
# must explain can
·
denies det.
wout being random
·
WE ARE FREE IN SENSE NEC FOR MR
.




② SKEPTICS
·
FREEDOM IS IMPOSSIBLE : Can't be genuinely MR

↳ either det I random

, compatibilists
·
Freedom for MR # freedom threatened by det.

·
det .
necessary to avoid randomness



① Consequentalism
·
looks at outcomes
·
view MR as arising from conseq of actions
deny "freedom" as necessary for MR
.




↳ doesn't matter if they're free or not

·
blame 3 punishment 'Useful' > deserved



② Frankfurt's compatibilism
Freedom
· :
acting for ones own reasons >
-

challenges other def . of 'ability to do other'
Determinism :
no ability to have done otherwise

↳ reconcilable
·

involuntary us for ones own reasons

action deliberate in order to attain outcome
genuine
=
,