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, SOLUTIONS MANUAL mf
to accompany
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ORBITAL MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS
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Howard D. Curtis
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Embry-
Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Be
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ach, Florida
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,Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 1
Problem 1.1 mf
(a)
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A A = A x iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ A x iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ
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= Ax iˆ Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ + A y ˆ j Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ + A zkˆ A x iˆ + A y ˆ j + A zkˆ
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(
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= Ax 2 (iˆ iˆ ) + Ax Ay i ˆ ˆ j + Ax Az (i ˆ kˆ ) + Ay Ax ˆ j i ˆ + Ay 2 ˆj ˆ j + Ay Az ˆ j k ˆ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
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mf mf mf mf mf mf mf mf mf m f mf mf mf m f mf mf mf mf
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+ AzAx (kˆ iˆ)+ AzAy kˆ ˆj + Az2 (kˆ kˆ ) ( )
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= Ax 2 (1 ) + Ax Ay (0 ) + Ax Az (0 ) + Ay Ax (0 ) + Ay 2 (1 ) + Ay Az (0 ) + Az Ax (0 ) + Az Ay (0 ) + Az2 (1 )
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= Ax 2 + Ay 2 + Az2
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But, according to the Pythagorean Theorem, xA 2 y+ A 2z + A 2 = A2 , where A = A
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, the magnitude of
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the vector A . Thus A A = A2 .
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(b)
iˆ ˆj kˆ
A (B C) = A Bx By Bz
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Cx Cy Cz
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= Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + Azkˆ iˆ ByCz − BzCy − ˆj (BxCz − BzCx )+ kˆ BxCy − ByCx
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= Ax By Cz − BzCy − Ay (Bx Cz − BzCx )+ Az Bx Cy − By Cx
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or
A (B C) = Ax By Cz + Ay BzCx + AzBx Cy − Ax BzCy − Ay Bx Cz − AzBy Cx
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(1)
Note that (A B ) C = C (A B ) , and according to (1)
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C (A B ) = Cx Ay Bz + Cy AzBx + Cz Ax By − Cx AzBy − Cy Ax Bz − Cz Ay Bx
m f mf mf mf mf mf
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(2)
The right hand sides of (1) and (2) are identical. Hence A ( B C) = (A B ) C .
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(c)
iˆ ˆj kˆ iˆ ˆj kˆ
A (B C) = Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + Azkˆ Bx By
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+ A ( B C − B C ) − A B C − B C k ˆ
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z( x x y y ) z ( x x y y )
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, Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 1
Add a nd s ubtract the underlined terms to get
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, SOLUTIONS MANUAL mf
to accompany
mf
ORBITAL MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS
mf mf mf mf
Howard D. Curtis
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Embry-
Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Be
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ach, Florida
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,Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 1
Problem 1.1 mf
(a)
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A A = A x iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ A x iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ
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)( mf
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= Ax iˆ Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ + A y ˆ j Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + A zkˆ + A zkˆ A x iˆ + A y ˆ j + A zkˆ
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) mf mf mf ( mf
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(
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= Ax 2 (iˆ iˆ ) + Ax Ay i ˆ ˆ j + Ax Az (i ˆ kˆ ) + Ay Ax ˆ j i ˆ + Ay 2 ˆj ˆ j + Ay Az ˆ j k ˆ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
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+ AzAx (kˆ iˆ)+ AzAy kˆ ˆj + Az2 (kˆ kˆ ) ( )
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m m
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= Ax 2 (1 ) + Ax Ay (0 ) + Ax Az (0 ) + Ay Ax (0 ) + Ay 2 (1 ) + Ay Az (0 ) + Az Ax (0 ) + Az Ay (0 ) + Az2 (1 )
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= Ax 2 + Ay 2 + Az2
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But, according to the Pythagorean Theorem, xA 2 y+ A 2z + A 2 = A2 , where A = A
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, the magnitude of
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the vector A . Thus A A = A2 .
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mf
(b)
iˆ ˆj kˆ
A (B C) = A Bx By Bz
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Cx Cy Cz
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= Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + Azkˆ iˆ ByCz − BzCy − ˆj (BxCz − BzCx )+ kˆ BxCy − ByCx
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= Ax By Cz − BzCy − Ay (Bx Cz − BzCx )+ Az Bx Cy − By Cx
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or
A (B C) = Ax By Cz + Ay BzCx + AzBx Cy − Ax BzCy − Ay Bx Cz − AzBy Cx
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(1)
Note that (A B ) C = C (A B ) , and according to (1)
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C (A B ) = Cx Ay Bz + Cy AzBx + Cz Ax By − Cx AzBy − Cy Ax Bz − Cz Ay Bx
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(2)
The right hand sides of (1) and (2) are identical. Hence A ( B C) = (A B ) C .
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(c)
iˆ ˆj kˆ iˆ ˆj kˆ
A (B C) = Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + Azkˆ Bx By
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Cx Cy = C z − Bz C y
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Cz
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= Ay Bx Cy − By Cx − Az (BzCx − Bx Cz ) iˆ + Az By Cz − BzCy − Ax Bx Cy − By Cx ˆj
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mf ( mf
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+ A ( B C − B C ) − A B C − B C k ˆ
x z x x z y y z z y
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m mf ( mf
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( ) (
= Ay Bx Cy + AzBx Cz − Ay By Cx − AzBzCx iˆ + Ax By Cx + AzBy Cz − Ax Bx Cy − AzBzCy ˆj
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(
+ A B C + A B C − A B C − A B C kˆ
x z x y z y x x z y y z) mf mf mf
= Bx (Ay Cy + AzCz )− Cx (Ay By + AzBz ) iˆ + By (Ax Cx + AzCz )− Cy (Ax Bx + AzBz ) ˆj
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f
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z( x x y y ) z ( x x y y )
+ B A C + A C − C A B + A B k ˆ mf mf mf mf
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mf m f mf mf mf mf
1
, Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 1
Add a nd s ubtract the underlined terms to get
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2