Critical Care Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers
Graded A+
What meds are used as continuous infusions? - continuous infusion of anticoagulation? -
ANSWER -vasopressors, afterload ANSWER -A-fib, mechanical support
reducers, antidysrhythmics, inotropes, sedation,
analgesics, paralytics, anticoagulation
Is MAP mainly affected by diastolic or systolic
blood pressure? - ANSWER -diastolic. We
What are some conditions that may require want to know perfusion during relaxation, not just
continuous infusion of vasopressors? - contraction.
ANSWER -shock, bleeds
What kind of access can 8 mg/250 mL Levophed
What are some conditions that may require be infused through? What about 4mg/250mL? -
continuous infusion of afterload reducers? - ANSWER -8 mg can be infused through
ANSWER -STEMI, HF central lines but not peripheral lines. 4 mg can be
infused through both
What are some conditions that may require
continuous infusion of antidysrhythmics? - What receptors does levophed act on and what
ANSWER -dysrhythmias risks come with this? - ANSWER -Levophed
(norepinephrine) acts very heavily on alpha
receptors which causes pure vasoconstriction. It
What are some conditions that may require also acts on beta1 receptors, causing cardiac
continuous infusion of inotropes? - stimulation. Risks from levophed include
ANSWER -HF peripheral necrosis and dysrhythmias.
What are some conditions that may require What receptors does vasopressin act on and
continuous infusion of sedation? - what risks come from this? - ANSWER -
ANSWER -intubation, procedures, ICP, Vasopressin acts on v1 receptors, which causes
ARDS pure vasoconstriction, and v2 receptors which
has an antidiuretic effect. A risk that comes from
vasopressin is decrease in GI blood supply.
What are some conditions that may require
continuous infusion of analgesics? -
ANSWER -painful conditions Why should levophed and vasopressin be used
together? - ANSWER -To decrease the risk
of dysrhythmias that comes from only using
What are some conditions that may require levophed. Using both also targets different
continuous infusion of paralytics? - receptors and more effectively increases blood
ANSWER -surgery, ARDS, intubation pressure.
What are some conditions that may require What receptors does neosynephrine act on? -
, Critical Care Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers
Graded A+
ANSWER -Neosynephrine acts purely on
alpha receptors. This causes pure afterload What confirms central line placement? -
effects, which can be tough on the heart. It does ANSWER -chest x-ray
not affect the heart directly.
What are the immediate complications of central
What population of people may benefit from line placement? - ANSWER -bleeding,
receiving neosynephrine? - ANSWER - arterial puncture, arrhythmia, air embolism,
people with a tendency for dysrhythmias pneumothorax or hemothorax
because it does not effect the heart.
What are the delayed complications of central
What receptors does epinephrine act on? - line placement? - ANSWER -infection,
ANSWER -It acts on alpha1 and beta 1 venous thrombosis
receptors, which leads to increased
vasoconstriction and increased inotropy. It mainly
works on the beta receptors so it has strong Where does the tip of a central line sit? -
effects on the heart. Used to make the heart beat ANSWER -junction of the vena cava and
stronger. right atrium
What are indications for vasopressors? - What are the steps for removing a central line? -
ANSWER -critical illness, advanced ANSWER -Check coags, place patient flat
monitoring or trendelenburg. Remove the dressing, cleanse
site and remove sutures, ask patient to hold
breath or hum and pull the cath out. Apply
What are some contraindications for heparin- immediate pressure for 5 minutes and then apply
locked central lines? - ANSWER -You must occlusive dressing. Assess the site and line,
pull out the heparin before administering meds document.
through the line, so if you accidentally flush the
line with the heparin in then the patient will have
increased risk for bleeds. Those already with a What are reasons for sedation? -
high risk for bleed probably should not have a ANSWER -pain management, amnesia,
heparin lock. procedures, intubation, reduce O2 consumption,
ventilation compliance
What are the temporary central lines? -
ANSWER -IJ, fem line, subclavian, PICC What happens if a person is undersedated? -
ANSWER -Pain is untreated, which can
lead to impaired recovery, immunosuppression,
What are the long term central lines? - hyper coagulability, agitation, sleep disturbance,
ANSWER -tunneled line, port-a-cath stress, tachycardia, O2 demand increase,
delirium, difficulty with ventilator compliance, risk
Graded A+
What meds are used as continuous infusions? - continuous infusion of anticoagulation? -
ANSWER -vasopressors, afterload ANSWER -A-fib, mechanical support
reducers, antidysrhythmics, inotropes, sedation,
analgesics, paralytics, anticoagulation
Is MAP mainly affected by diastolic or systolic
blood pressure? - ANSWER -diastolic. We
What are some conditions that may require want to know perfusion during relaxation, not just
continuous infusion of vasopressors? - contraction.
ANSWER -shock, bleeds
What kind of access can 8 mg/250 mL Levophed
What are some conditions that may require be infused through? What about 4mg/250mL? -
continuous infusion of afterload reducers? - ANSWER -8 mg can be infused through
ANSWER -STEMI, HF central lines but not peripheral lines. 4 mg can be
infused through both
What are some conditions that may require
continuous infusion of antidysrhythmics? - What receptors does levophed act on and what
ANSWER -dysrhythmias risks come with this? - ANSWER -Levophed
(norepinephrine) acts very heavily on alpha
receptors which causes pure vasoconstriction. It
What are some conditions that may require also acts on beta1 receptors, causing cardiac
continuous infusion of inotropes? - stimulation. Risks from levophed include
ANSWER -HF peripheral necrosis and dysrhythmias.
What are some conditions that may require What receptors does vasopressin act on and
continuous infusion of sedation? - what risks come from this? - ANSWER -
ANSWER -intubation, procedures, ICP, Vasopressin acts on v1 receptors, which causes
ARDS pure vasoconstriction, and v2 receptors which
has an antidiuretic effect. A risk that comes from
vasopressin is decrease in GI blood supply.
What are some conditions that may require
continuous infusion of analgesics? -
ANSWER -painful conditions Why should levophed and vasopressin be used
together? - ANSWER -To decrease the risk
of dysrhythmias that comes from only using
What are some conditions that may require levophed. Using both also targets different
continuous infusion of paralytics? - receptors and more effectively increases blood
ANSWER -surgery, ARDS, intubation pressure.
What are some conditions that may require What receptors does neosynephrine act on? -
, Critical Care Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers
Graded A+
ANSWER -Neosynephrine acts purely on
alpha receptors. This causes pure afterload What confirms central line placement? -
effects, which can be tough on the heart. It does ANSWER -chest x-ray
not affect the heart directly.
What are the immediate complications of central
What population of people may benefit from line placement? - ANSWER -bleeding,
receiving neosynephrine? - ANSWER - arterial puncture, arrhythmia, air embolism,
people with a tendency for dysrhythmias pneumothorax or hemothorax
because it does not effect the heart.
What are the delayed complications of central
What receptors does epinephrine act on? - line placement? - ANSWER -infection,
ANSWER -It acts on alpha1 and beta 1 venous thrombosis
receptors, which leads to increased
vasoconstriction and increased inotropy. It mainly
works on the beta receptors so it has strong Where does the tip of a central line sit? -
effects on the heart. Used to make the heart beat ANSWER -junction of the vena cava and
stronger. right atrium
What are indications for vasopressors? - What are the steps for removing a central line? -
ANSWER -critical illness, advanced ANSWER -Check coags, place patient flat
monitoring or trendelenburg. Remove the dressing, cleanse
site and remove sutures, ask patient to hold
breath or hum and pull the cath out. Apply
What are some contraindications for heparin- immediate pressure for 5 minutes and then apply
locked central lines? - ANSWER -You must occlusive dressing. Assess the site and line,
pull out the heparin before administering meds document.
through the line, so if you accidentally flush the
line with the heparin in then the patient will have
increased risk for bleeds. Those already with a What are reasons for sedation? -
high risk for bleed probably should not have a ANSWER -pain management, amnesia,
heparin lock. procedures, intubation, reduce O2 consumption,
ventilation compliance
What are the temporary central lines? -
ANSWER -IJ, fem line, subclavian, PICC What happens if a person is undersedated? -
ANSWER -Pain is untreated, which can
lead to impaired recovery, immunosuppression,
What are the long term central lines? - hyper coagulability, agitation, sleep disturbance,
ANSWER -tunneled line, port-a-cath stress, tachycardia, O2 demand increase,
delirium, difficulty with ventilator compliance, risk
