MODULE 1
CELLS AS THE BASIS OF LIFE
Presented by Andrew Douch
© Andrew Douch & Edrolo 2017 1
, YEAR 11 BIOLOGY MODULE 1
CONTENT AREA 1
WHAT DISTINGUISHES ONE CELL
FROM ANOTHER?
Presented by Andrew Douch
© Andrew Douch & Edrolo 2017 2
This lesson from Year 11 Biology Module 1, presented by Andrew Douch, focuses on the structure and variety of prokaryotic cells (syllabus point 1.1.1.1). It explains that prokaryotes, which include bacteria and archaea, are single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. While both groups are structurally similar, archaea are genetically closer to eukaryotes. The lesson covers the common features of prokaryotic cells—such as a cell membrane, peptidoglycan cell wall (in bacteria), cytoplasm, ribosomes, and circular DNA—as well as optional structures like flagella, pili, and plasmids. It also explores the diversity of prokaryotes in terms of shape (e.g., bacilli, cocci, spirilla), cellular arrangement (e.g., diplo-, strepto-, staphylo-), and chemical composition, particularly differences in cell walls between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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