Nur 166 final Exam with Verified Answers
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reproductive system - ANSWERReproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells
(oocytes)
Atom structure - ANSWERprotons, neutrons, electrons
Proton - ANSWERA subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an
atom
Neutron - ANSWERA subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Electron - ANSWERnegatively charged particle
The atomic nucleus contains - ANSWERprotons and neutrons
Interphase - ANSWERCell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1,
S, and G2 phases
Prophase - ANSWERChromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms
Metaphase - ANSWERChromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
,Anaphase - ANSWERPhase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of
the cell
Telophase - ANSWERAfter the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of Mitosis.
S phase - ANSWERDNA replication
Meiosis - ANSWERCell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
dna - ANSWERdeoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as
the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
RNA - ANSWERsingle-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
Transcription - ANSWER(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied
into mRNA
Translation - ANSWERProcess by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
Superior - ANSWERabove
Inferior - ANSWERbelow
Prosterior(dorsal) - ANSWERback
Ventral - ANSWERfront
deep - ANSWERAway from the body surface; more internal
Superficial (external) - ANSWERtoward or at the body surface
,Medial - ANSWERtoward the midline
Lateral - ANSWERaway from the midline
proximal - ANSWERCloser to the point of attachment
Distal - ANSWERfarther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body
trunk
coronal plane - ANSWERAn imaginary plane where the body is cut into front and back parts.
saggital plane - ANSWERdivides the body into a right and left side
transverse plane - ANSWERhorizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
Messenger RNA - ANSWERRNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino
acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell
cellular organelles - ANSWERtypically work in coordination with other organelles to accomplish and
overall cellular activity.
selectively permeable - ANSWERproperty of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass
across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane
G1 phase - ANSWERThe first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
G2 phase - ANSWERThe second growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase
after DNA synthesis occurs.
Mitosis - ANSWERcell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of
chromosomes
cardiovascular system - ANSWERBlood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide,
nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
, Respitory system - ANSWERthe organ system that brings oxygen to body cells and removes waste gas
digestive system - ANSWERBreaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution
to body cells.
urinary system - ANSWEREliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and
acid-base balance of the blood.
Transfer RNA - ANSWERtype of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein
synthesis
chemical equation for cellular respiration - ANSWERC6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
lymphatic system - ANSWERComposed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides
defense against infection.
ionic bond - ANSWERFormed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
hydrogen bond - ANSWERweak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
elements that make up the human body - ANSWERoxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
By definition, how is an inorganic substance different from an organic substance? - ANSWERThe
inorganic substance is one that does not include both carbon and hydrogen.
Which three of the following molecules are classified as inorganic substances?Water, proteins, carbon
dioxide, DNA, molecular oxygen, carbohydrates - ANSWERWater, carbon dioxide, molecular oxygen
What are the four main groups of organic chemicals in the body? - ANSWERLipids, proteins,
carbohydrates, nucleic acids
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reproductive system - ANSWERReproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells
(oocytes)
Atom structure - ANSWERprotons, neutrons, electrons
Proton - ANSWERA subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an
atom
Neutron - ANSWERA subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Electron - ANSWERnegatively charged particle
The atomic nucleus contains - ANSWERprotons and neutrons
Interphase - ANSWERCell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1,
S, and G2 phases
Prophase - ANSWERChromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms
Metaphase - ANSWERChromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
,Anaphase - ANSWERPhase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of
the cell
Telophase - ANSWERAfter the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of Mitosis.
S phase - ANSWERDNA replication
Meiosis - ANSWERCell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
dna - ANSWERdeoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as
the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
RNA - ANSWERsingle-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
Transcription - ANSWER(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied
into mRNA
Translation - ANSWERProcess by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
Superior - ANSWERabove
Inferior - ANSWERbelow
Prosterior(dorsal) - ANSWERback
Ventral - ANSWERfront
deep - ANSWERAway from the body surface; more internal
Superficial (external) - ANSWERtoward or at the body surface
,Medial - ANSWERtoward the midline
Lateral - ANSWERaway from the midline
proximal - ANSWERCloser to the point of attachment
Distal - ANSWERfarther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body
trunk
coronal plane - ANSWERAn imaginary plane where the body is cut into front and back parts.
saggital plane - ANSWERdivides the body into a right and left side
transverse plane - ANSWERhorizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
Messenger RNA - ANSWERRNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino
acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell
cellular organelles - ANSWERtypically work in coordination with other organelles to accomplish and
overall cellular activity.
selectively permeable - ANSWERproperty of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass
across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane
G1 phase - ANSWERThe first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
G2 phase - ANSWERThe second growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase
after DNA synthesis occurs.
Mitosis - ANSWERcell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of
chromosomes
cardiovascular system - ANSWERBlood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide,
nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
, Respitory system - ANSWERthe organ system that brings oxygen to body cells and removes waste gas
digestive system - ANSWERBreaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution
to body cells.
urinary system - ANSWEREliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and
acid-base balance of the blood.
Transfer RNA - ANSWERtype of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein
synthesis
chemical equation for cellular respiration - ANSWERC6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
lymphatic system - ANSWERComposed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides
defense against infection.
ionic bond - ANSWERFormed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
hydrogen bond - ANSWERweak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
elements that make up the human body - ANSWERoxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
By definition, how is an inorganic substance different from an organic substance? - ANSWERThe
inorganic substance is one that does not include both carbon and hydrogen.
Which three of the following molecules are classified as inorganic substances?Water, proteins, carbon
dioxide, DNA, molecular oxygen, carbohydrates - ANSWERWater, carbon dioxide, molecular oxygen
What are the four main groups of organic chemicals in the body? - ANSWERLipids, proteins,
carbohydrates, nucleic acids
