UPTP Test 4 Comprehensive
Questions (Frequently Tested)
with Verified Answers Graded
A+
"Concentric Zone" or "Layers of Protection" Theory - Answer: practice of layering independent
security devices & protocols: walls, access control systems, rooms, vaults, building exterior. AKA
onion theory
Risk Assessment - Answer: measure of potential harm from undesirable event: threat,
consequence, vulnerability
Physical Security Assessment/Survey - Answer: comprehensive examination to identify: assets,
weaknesses/vulnerability, predict problems, make recommendation/countermeasures
Concept of Opportunity Reduction - Answer: 3 ingredients necessary for a crime to be
committed (Threat Element Triangle): motivation, tools & means, opportunity
Purpose of Barriers - Answer: define, direct, deter, delay, detect
Types of Barriers - Answer: perimeter protection (natural, manmade, opaque, transparent),
anti-ram vehicle barriers, portable (wooden/plastic windbreak fencing, dirt-filled planters,
water-filled barriers)
,Purpose of Protective Lighting - Answer: prevent, camoflage, conceal, psychological impact
Types of Security Lighting - Answer: incandescent, fluorescent, mercury vapor, low-pressure
sodium, high-pressure sodium, metal halide, light-emitting diade (LED)
Acess Control Systems (ACS) - Answer: require ID of person attempting entry: personal
recognition, unique possession, unique knowledge, unique biometrics
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Parts - Answer: sensor, control unit, transmission, signal device
Video Monitoring Systems (VMS) Components - Answer: camera, monitors, recorders
Metal Detector Limitations - Answer: cannot detect all things, environment must be free of
metal disturbances, need dedicated line, vibrations, needs calibration, older system can be
cheated with ankle straps
X-Ray Limitations - Answer: operator skill level, lead (shielding), explosives camoflages, plastic,
disguised weapons
Under Vehicle Inspection System (UVIS) Limitations - Answer: experience of operator, vehicular
traffic throughput may slow egress, maintenance of equipment
Effects of an Explosion - Answer: thermal, blast pressure, fragmentation effect
Thermal Effects of an Explosion - Answer: observable, may cause localized ignition of highly
combustible materials, generally least damaging effect of an explosion
Blast Pressure Effect of an Explosion - Answer: positive (waves moves outwarrd) and negative
(partial vaccuum created near epicenter) phases
, Physiological Effects of Blast - Answer: 4 types of injuries can be sustained: primary, secondary,
tertiary, quaternary
Primary Blast Injury - Answer: caused by direct effects of the blast
Secondary Blast Injury - Answer: caused by propelled fragmentation
Tertiary Blast Injury - Answer: occurs when casualty's body is propelled by blast against the
ground, equipment, structures, or other stationary object
Quaternary Injury - Answer: other injury such as crash injuries or burns
Fragmentation Effect - Answer: casing from device ruptures, breaking into fragments that are
propelled away from the center of detonation at high velocities
Improvised Explosive Device (IED) Components - Answer: Power Sources, Intiator, Explosive,
Switch, Container (not always present)
Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) - Answer: vehicle modified to conceal &
deliver a large IED to a target for the purpose of inflicting mass casualties & catastrophic
property damage. 3 primary types of initiation: timed, command, suicide
Exterior Building Search Procedure - Answer: outside to inside, bottom to top, public to private
Interior Building Search Procedure - Answer: one floor at a time
focus on lobbies, elevators, restrooms, stairwells
Questions (Frequently Tested)
with Verified Answers Graded
A+
"Concentric Zone" or "Layers of Protection" Theory - Answer: practice of layering independent
security devices & protocols: walls, access control systems, rooms, vaults, building exterior. AKA
onion theory
Risk Assessment - Answer: measure of potential harm from undesirable event: threat,
consequence, vulnerability
Physical Security Assessment/Survey - Answer: comprehensive examination to identify: assets,
weaknesses/vulnerability, predict problems, make recommendation/countermeasures
Concept of Opportunity Reduction - Answer: 3 ingredients necessary for a crime to be
committed (Threat Element Triangle): motivation, tools & means, opportunity
Purpose of Barriers - Answer: define, direct, deter, delay, detect
Types of Barriers - Answer: perimeter protection (natural, manmade, opaque, transparent),
anti-ram vehicle barriers, portable (wooden/plastic windbreak fencing, dirt-filled planters,
water-filled barriers)
,Purpose of Protective Lighting - Answer: prevent, camoflage, conceal, psychological impact
Types of Security Lighting - Answer: incandescent, fluorescent, mercury vapor, low-pressure
sodium, high-pressure sodium, metal halide, light-emitting diade (LED)
Acess Control Systems (ACS) - Answer: require ID of person attempting entry: personal
recognition, unique possession, unique knowledge, unique biometrics
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Parts - Answer: sensor, control unit, transmission, signal device
Video Monitoring Systems (VMS) Components - Answer: camera, monitors, recorders
Metal Detector Limitations - Answer: cannot detect all things, environment must be free of
metal disturbances, need dedicated line, vibrations, needs calibration, older system can be
cheated with ankle straps
X-Ray Limitations - Answer: operator skill level, lead (shielding), explosives camoflages, plastic,
disguised weapons
Under Vehicle Inspection System (UVIS) Limitations - Answer: experience of operator, vehicular
traffic throughput may slow egress, maintenance of equipment
Effects of an Explosion - Answer: thermal, blast pressure, fragmentation effect
Thermal Effects of an Explosion - Answer: observable, may cause localized ignition of highly
combustible materials, generally least damaging effect of an explosion
Blast Pressure Effect of an Explosion - Answer: positive (waves moves outwarrd) and negative
(partial vaccuum created near epicenter) phases
, Physiological Effects of Blast - Answer: 4 types of injuries can be sustained: primary, secondary,
tertiary, quaternary
Primary Blast Injury - Answer: caused by direct effects of the blast
Secondary Blast Injury - Answer: caused by propelled fragmentation
Tertiary Blast Injury - Answer: occurs when casualty's body is propelled by blast against the
ground, equipment, structures, or other stationary object
Quaternary Injury - Answer: other injury such as crash injuries or burns
Fragmentation Effect - Answer: casing from device ruptures, breaking into fragments that are
propelled away from the center of detonation at high velocities
Improvised Explosive Device (IED) Components - Answer: Power Sources, Intiator, Explosive,
Switch, Container (not always present)
Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) - Answer: vehicle modified to conceal &
deliver a large IED to a target for the purpose of inflicting mass casualties & catastrophic
property damage. 3 primary types of initiation: timed, command, suicide
Exterior Building Search Procedure - Answer: outside to inside, bottom to top, public to private
Interior Building Search Procedure - Answer: one floor at a time
focus on lobbies, elevators, restrooms, stairwells
