Pub Aff 30 Midterm Exam with right
solutions
Purpose of Normative Frameworks - answersClarify norms/trade-offs
Consequentialism - answersConsequence-based; if it leads to good outcome, right thing
to do
Utilitarianism - answersExample of consequentialism, based on hedonism (more
pleasure), welfarism (aggregate welfare)
Deontology - answersAssesses policy not on its consequences, but moral
Kant's categorical imperative formulations - answers1) For moral, have to be willing to
make the act universal; 2) Never treat another person's morality as means to an end
LIbertarianism - answersEvaluates policy based on self-ownership, implying we own our
own bodies
Causal inference - answersWhat would happen if policy
Statistical inference - answersDescriptive or predictive
Counterfactual - answersWhat would happen in the absence of a program
Game theory - answersStategic interaction that assumes interdependence; components
are 1) Actors, 2) Information, 3) Stategies, 4) Sequence, 5) Payoffs, in normal (matrix)
or extensive form
Nash equilibrium - answersNo player can change how they're doing
Pareto Optimality - answersPolicy pareto dominates if it benefits without hurting anyone,
efficient if no other policy dominates it
Three social dilemnas - answers1) Externalities, 2) Coordination problems, 3)
Committment problems
Externality - answersSpillover effect on the welfare of others
Public goods - answersNon-excludable, non-rivalrous
Commons - answersRivalrous, non-excludable
solutions
Purpose of Normative Frameworks - answersClarify norms/trade-offs
Consequentialism - answersConsequence-based; if it leads to good outcome, right thing
to do
Utilitarianism - answersExample of consequentialism, based on hedonism (more
pleasure), welfarism (aggregate welfare)
Deontology - answersAssesses policy not on its consequences, but moral
Kant's categorical imperative formulations - answers1) For moral, have to be willing to
make the act universal; 2) Never treat another person's morality as means to an end
LIbertarianism - answersEvaluates policy based on self-ownership, implying we own our
own bodies
Causal inference - answersWhat would happen if policy
Statistical inference - answersDescriptive or predictive
Counterfactual - answersWhat would happen in the absence of a program
Game theory - answersStategic interaction that assumes interdependence; components
are 1) Actors, 2) Information, 3) Stategies, 4) Sequence, 5) Payoffs, in normal (matrix)
or extensive form
Nash equilibrium - answersNo player can change how they're doing
Pareto Optimality - answersPolicy pareto dominates if it benefits without hurting anyone,
efficient if no other policy dominates it
Three social dilemnas - answers1) Externalities, 2) Coordination problems, 3)
Committment problems
Externality - answersSpillover effect on the welfare of others
Public goods - answersNon-excludable, non-rivalrous
Commons - answersRivalrous, non-excludable
