Orthotics/Prosthetics/Gait 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Correct Answers |
New Update
20. Which of the following orthoses or shoe modifications is used in the
conservative management of plantar fasciitis? (a) Heel lift (b) Posterior night splint
(c) Lateral heel wedge (d) Metatarsal bar - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔20 (b) A heel lift
plantarflexes the foot and is used for Achilles tendinitis. A metatarsal bar is used
for metatarsalgia. A lateral heel wedge can be used for the conservative
management of osteoarthritis of the knee. A posterior night splint dorsiflexed to 5/
is the correct answer.
30. During normal human locomotion, the center of gravity travels through a
sinusoidal pathway that is modified by 6 determinants of gait. Which of the
following is not considered 1 of the 6 determinants? (a) Pelvic extension (b) Foot
and ankle synchronization (c) Knee flexion (d) Lateral pelvic displacement - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔30 (a) The 6 determinants are as follows: lateral displacement that
,reduces horizontal excursion from 6" down to 1.7"; knee flexion that reduces
vertical excursion 7/16"; pelvic rotation that reduces vertical excursion 3/8"; pelvic
tilt that reduces vertical excursion 3/16"; and foot and ankle synchronization as
well as ankle and knee synchronization that both serve to smooth out the sinusoidal
curve but do not decrease excursion.
39. The most common complication after amputation in the immature child is (a)
phantom limb pain. (b) diffuse edema. (c) terminal overgrowth. (d) painful
neuroma. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔39 (c) Terminal overgrowth at the transected end of a
long bone is the most common complication after amputation in the skeletally
immature child. It occurs most frequently in the humerus, fibula, tibia, and femur,
in that order. The oppositional growth may be so vigorous that the bone pierces the
skin. The treatment of choice is surgical revision.
40. A 79-year-old cachectic woman with coronary artery disease and unstable
angina sustains a right hip fracture after a fall. After an open-reduction internal
fixation of the hip joint with the use of a dynamic hip screw, the orthopedic
surgeon determines that the patient is 25% partial weight bearing to the right side.
She has weak upper body strength and good balance. Which of the following
assistive devices is most appropriate? (a) Standard walker (b) Rolling walker (c)
Axillary crutches (d) Quad cane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔40 (b) Standard walkers require
,good standing balance and good upper body strength. Crutches require good upper
body strength and have an increased energy expenditure of 40%-60%, which
would be contraindicated in unstable angina. Quad canes are not appropriate when
significant weight-bearing relief is required. Rolling walkers are most appropriate
for patients who lack upper body strength and provide safer gait than crutches or
canes.
59. In considering selection of a lower limb prosthesis for a child with a congenital
transfemoral amputation, a knee joint should be included (a) at initial fitting. (b)
between 3 to 5 years of age. (c) when sports activities are anticipated. (d) when the
child pulls to stand. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔59 (b) The lower limb deficient child should
be fitted with a prosthesis when he or she is ready to pull up to a standing position,
usually between 9 and 12 months. A knee joint is added between 3 and 5 years.
70. What level of amputation has the highest acceptance rate for an upper
extremity prosthesis? (a) Wrist disarticulation (b) Transradial (c) Elbow
disarticulation (d) Transhumeral - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔70 (b) Overall rejection of
prosthetic usage occurs in 33%-38% of unilateral upper extremity amputees. The
highest acceptance rate is transradial at about 93%, and the lowest is wrist
disarticulation at about 6%.
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, 80. When considering realistic functional goals for the majority of transhumeral
amputees, the maximal weight (in pounds) that can be carried with the body-
powered prosthesis is (a) 7. (b) 15. (c) 30. (D) 50. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔80 (b)
Handling of heavy objects is limited in upper extremity amputees. A transhumeral
amputee is expected to lift 10lb to 15lb, unless the residual limb is very short or
sensitive. A transradial amputee is expected to lift 20lb to 30lb unless the residual
limb is very short or sensitive.
82. In the orthotic and prosthetic clinic, a patient with Parkinson's disease presents
for gait analysis. The primary gait disturbance found is an alternation in stride
length and altered cadence. A gaittraining program for a person with Parkinson's
disease should include (a) visual cueing techniques. (b) bilateral ankle-foot
orthoses. (c) patterning techniques. (d) vestibular stimulation exercises. - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔82 (a) Treatment options for gait disturbance in patients with
Parkinson's disease include visual and auditory cueing, in addition to traditional
endurance and strengthening exercises.
100. When comparing quadrilateral sockets with ischial containment sockets, a
successful fitting ismore likely in a quadrilateral socket when (a) the adductor
musculature is intact. (b) the residual limb is fleshy. (c) trunk stability demands are
high at mid stance. (d) the residual limb is shorter. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔100 (a)
Exam Questions and Correct Answers |
New Update
20. Which of the following orthoses or shoe modifications is used in the
conservative management of plantar fasciitis? (a) Heel lift (b) Posterior night splint
(c) Lateral heel wedge (d) Metatarsal bar - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔20 (b) A heel lift
plantarflexes the foot and is used for Achilles tendinitis. A metatarsal bar is used
for metatarsalgia. A lateral heel wedge can be used for the conservative
management of osteoarthritis of the knee. A posterior night splint dorsiflexed to 5/
is the correct answer.
30. During normal human locomotion, the center of gravity travels through a
sinusoidal pathway that is modified by 6 determinants of gait. Which of the
following is not considered 1 of the 6 determinants? (a) Pelvic extension (b) Foot
and ankle synchronization (c) Knee flexion (d) Lateral pelvic displacement - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔30 (a) The 6 determinants are as follows: lateral displacement that
,reduces horizontal excursion from 6" down to 1.7"; knee flexion that reduces
vertical excursion 7/16"; pelvic rotation that reduces vertical excursion 3/8"; pelvic
tilt that reduces vertical excursion 3/16"; and foot and ankle synchronization as
well as ankle and knee synchronization that both serve to smooth out the sinusoidal
curve but do not decrease excursion.
39. The most common complication after amputation in the immature child is (a)
phantom limb pain. (b) diffuse edema. (c) terminal overgrowth. (d) painful
neuroma. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔39 (c) Terminal overgrowth at the transected end of a
long bone is the most common complication after amputation in the skeletally
immature child. It occurs most frequently in the humerus, fibula, tibia, and femur,
in that order. The oppositional growth may be so vigorous that the bone pierces the
skin. The treatment of choice is surgical revision.
40. A 79-year-old cachectic woman with coronary artery disease and unstable
angina sustains a right hip fracture after a fall. After an open-reduction internal
fixation of the hip joint with the use of a dynamic hip screw, the orthopedic
surgeon determines that the patient is 25% partial weight bearing to the right side.
She has weak upper body strength and good balance. Which of the following
assistive devices is most appropriate? (a) Standard walker (b) Rolling walker (c)
Axillary crutches (d) Quad cane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔40 (b) Standard walkers require
,good standing balance and good upper body strength. Crutches require good upper
body strength and have an increased energy expenditure of 40%-60%, which
would be contraindicated in unstable angina. Quad canes are not appropriate when
significant weight-bearing relief is required. Rolling walkers are most appropriate
for patients who lack upper body strength and provide safer gait than crutches or
canes.
59. In considering selection of a lower limb prosthesis for a child with a congenital
transfemoral amputation, a knee joint should be included (a) at initial fitting. (b)
between 3 to 5 years of age. (c) when sports activities are anticipated. (d) when the
child pulls to stand. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔59 (b) The lower limb deficient child should
be fitted with a prosthesis when he or she is ready to pull up to a standing position,
usually between 9 and 12 months. A knee joint is added between 3 and 5 years.
70. What level of amputation has the highest acceptance rate for an upper
extremity prosthesis? (a) Wrist disarticulation (b) Transradial (c) Elbow
disarticulation (d) Transhumeral - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔70 (b) Overall rejection of
prosthetic usage occurs in 33%-38% of unilateral upper extremity amputees. The
highest acceptance rate is transradial at about 93%, and the lowest is wrist
disarticulation at about 6%.
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, 80. When considering realistic functional goals for the majority of transhumeral
amputees, the maximal weight (in pounds) that can be carried with the body-
powered prosthesis is (a) 7. (b) 15. (c) 30. (D) 50. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔80 (b)
Handling of heavy objects is limited in upper extremity amputees. A transhumeral
amputee is expected to lift 10lb to 15lb, unless the residual limb is very short or
sensitive. A transradial amputee is expected to lift 20lb to 30lb unless the residual
limb is very short or sensitive.
82. In the orthotic and prosthetic clinic, a patient with Parkinson's disease presents
for gait analysis. The primary gait disturbance found is an alternation in stride
length and altered cadence. A gaittraining program for a person with Parkinson's
disease should include (a) visual cueing techniques. (b) bilateral ankle-foot
orthoses. (c) patterning techniques. (d) vestibular stimulation exercises. - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔82 (a) Treatment options for gait disturbance in patients with
Parkinson's disease include visual and auditory cueing, in addition to traditional
endurance and strengthening exercises.
100. When comparing quadrilateral sockets with ischial containment sockets, a
successful fitting ismore likely in a quadrilateral socket when (a) the adductor
musculature is intact. (b) the residual limb is fleshy. (c) trunk stability demands are
high at mid stance. (d) the residual limb is shorter. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔100 (a)
