with complete solution 2025
sexuality - correct answer ✔a person's sexual orientation or preference
white privilege - correct answer ✔- helps create transparency where whites
don't think about white specific norms, behaviors, or perspectives (freedom
from discrimination leads to obliviousness)
- an unearned advantage, things whites can count on that others cannot due
to their status as part of the majority
o Denotes obvious & nonobvious unspoken advantages that whites might not
recognize
race - correct answer ✔each of the major divisions of human kind based on
physical characteristics such as colors, creeds, ethnicity, culture, language,
history, etc.
racial formation - correct answer ✔- We use race to provide dues about who
a person is
- We expect people to act out their race and we become disorientated when
they don't ("ur too white for a black person")
white normativity - correct answer ✔- whites are the norm, the baseline of
what a human is, the most human
- Anyone else would be considered a freak
- White= standard (not necessarily superior)
, Sex vs. Gender - correct answer ✔Sex is the biological distinction between
females and males, whereas gender is the personal traits and social positions
that members of a society attach to being a female or male.
Microagressions - correct answer ✔"Brief, everyday exchanges that send
denigrating messages to people of color because they belong to a racial
minority group."
- Racial microaggressions are brief and commonplace daily verbal,
behavioral, or environmental indignities
- They convey hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights or insults toward
people of color
- Often unintentional, inherited, "natural"
Microinsult - correct answer ✔rudeness, insensitivity, subtle snubs,
frequently unknown to the perpetrator (e.g. a White teacher failing to
acknowledge a Black student in the classroom) unconscious
-Ascription of Intelligence
-Second Class Citizen
-Pathologizing cultural values and communication styles
-Assumption of criminal status
Microinvalidation - correct answer ✔invalidation of someone's lived
experience and heritage "Communications that exclude, negate, or nullify the
psychological thoughts, feelings, or experiential reality of a person of color,"
(e.g. I don't see race.)
- Alien in own Land
- Color Blindness
- Myth of Meritocracy
- Denial of Individual Racism