Pediatric Primary Care — NCLEX-Style MCQ Test Bank (Unit
1: Items 1–50)
Topic 1: Pediatric Primary Care: Scope and Philosophy
1. Which of the following best reflects the philosophy of
pediatric primary care?
A. Prioritizing specialty consultation over general care
B. Focusing only on treating illnesses in children
C. Promoting wellness within the context of growth and
development
D. Emphasizing episodic care rather than continuity
Answer: C
Rationale: Pediatric primary care promotes wellness through
developmentally appropriate care across the lifespan. A, B, and
D reflect a limited or misaligned view of comprehensive
pediatric care.
2. The nurse in a pediatric primary care setting most
appropriately fulfills which of the following roles?
A. Specialist in neonatal intensive care
B. Hospital discharge planner
C. Advocate for preventative and developmental services
D. Surgical assistant in outpatient procedures
Answer: C
Rationale: A pediatric primary care nurse advocates for
,prevention, developmentally appropriate care, and wellness.
Other options represent roles outside the scope of primary care.
3. Which element is foundational to the concept of the
medical home in pediatric primary care?
A. Cost-efficiency
B. Fragmented referrals to subspecialists
C. Family-centered, coordinated, and continuous care
D. Use of telehealth as a substitute for in-person visits
Answer: C
Rationale: The medical home emphasizes comprehensive,
continuous, coordinated care that is culturally competent and
family-centered. A, B, and D may be components, but C is
foundational.
4. In pediatric care, which approach best supports long-term
health outcomes?
A. Emphasis on treatment of acute infections
B. Reactive care following diagnosis
C. Early intervention and anticipatory guidance
D. Wait-and-see approach to developmental concerns
Answer: C
Rationale: Early intervention and anticipatory guidance help
identify issues early, supporting optimal development and
health. The other options delay intervention.
, 5. The pediatric nurse uses anticipatory guidance to:
A. Teach parents what to do after symptoms appear
B. React to a child’s behavior problems
C. Prevent developmental delays by preparing families in
advance
D. Reinforce hospital discharge instructions
Answer: C
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance focuses on prevention and
preparing families for expected developmental milestones.
Topic 2: Primary Care vs. Primary Prevention
6. Which of the following is an example of primary
prevention in pediatric primary care?
A. Treating otitis media
B. Administering immunizations
C. Referring for speech therapy
D. Prescribing antibiotics
Answer: B
Rationale: Immunizations prevent disease and are a classic form
of primary prevention. The others are secondary (early
detection) or tertiary (treatment-focused) interventions.
7. A nurse provides nutrition counseling to prevent obesity
in a school-aged child. This is an example of:
, A. Tertiary care
B. Primary care
C. Secondary prevention
D. Primary prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Preventing obesity through nutrition counseling is a
proactive, health-promoting intervention — key to primary
prevention.
8. Which of the following best differentiates primary care
from primary prevention?
A. Primary prevention occurs only in hospitals
B. Primary care excludes preventive services
C. Primary prevention is a strategy used within primary
care
D. Primary care focuses solely on sick visits
Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention is a component within the
broader practice of primary care. A, B, and D are incorrect
representations.
9. Screening a child for lead exposure during a routine visit
is an example of:
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
1: Items 1–50)
Topic 1: Pediatric Primary Care: Scope and Philosophy
1. Which of the following best reflects the philosophy of
pediatric primary care?
A. Prioritizing specialty consultation over general care
B. Focusing only on treating illnesses in children
C. Promoting wellness within the context of growth and
development
D. Emphasizing episodic care rather than continuity
Answer: C
Rationale: Pediatric primary care promotes wellness through
developmentally appropriate care across the lifespan. A, B, and
D reflect a limited or misaligned view of comprehensive
pediatric care.
2. The nurse in a pediatric primary care setting most
appropriately fulfills which of the following roles?
A. Specialist in neonatal intensive care
B. Hospital discharge planner
C. Advocate for preventative and developmental services
D. Surgical assistant in outpatient procedures
Answer: C
Rationale: A pediatric primary care nurse advocates for
,prevention, developmentally appropriate care, and wellness.
Other options represent roles outside the scope of primary care.
3. Which element is foundational to the concept of the
medical home in pediatric primary care?
A. Cost-efficiency
B. Fragmented referrals to subspecialists
C. Family-centered, coordinated, and continuous care
D. Use of telehealth as a substitute for in-person visits
Answer: C
Rationale: The medical home emphasizes comprehensive,
continuous, coordinated care that is culturally competent and
family-centered. A, B, and D may be components, but C is
foundational.
4. In pediatric care, which approach best supports long-term
health outcomes?
A. Emphasis on treatment of acute infections
B. Reactive care following diagnosis
C. Early intervention and anticipatory guidance
D. Wait-and-see approach to developmental concerns
Answer: C
Rationale: Early intervention and anticipatory guidance help
identify issues early, supporting optimal development and
health. The other options delay intervention.
, 5. The pediatric nurse uses anticipatory guidance to:
A. Teach parents what to do after symptoms appear
B. React to a child’s behavior problems
C. Prevent developmental delays by preparing families in
advance
D. Reinforce hospital discharge instructions
Answer: C
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance focuses on prevention and
preparing families for expected developmental milestones.
Topic 2: Primary Care vs. Primary Prevention
6. Which of the following is an example of primary
prevention in pediatric primary care?
A. Treating otitis media
B. Administering immunizations
C. Referring for speech therapy
D. Prescribing antibiotics
Answer: B
Rationale: Immunizations prevent disease and are a classic form
of primary prevention. The others are secondary (early
detection) or tertiary (treatment-focused) interventions.
7. A nurse provides nutrition counseling to prevent obesity
in a school-aged child. This is an example of:
, A. Tertiary care
B. Primary care
C. Secondary prevention
D. Primary prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Preventing obesity through nutrition counseling is a
proactive, health-promoting intervention — key to primary
prevention.
8. Which of the following best differentiates primary care
from primary prevention?
A. Primary prevention occurs only in hospitals
B. Primary care excludes preventive services
C. Primary prevention is a strategy used within primary
care
D. Primary care focuses solely on sick visits
Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention is a component within the
broader practice of primary care. A, B, and D are incorrect
representations.
9. Screening a child for lead exposure during a routine visit
is an example of:
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
