NR 547 Week 8
1. Ellen, a 35-year-old woman who previously drank 4-5 drinks daily, has been abstinent for
8 days and wants medication to help her stay sober. Whichmedication is most appropriate?
A. Disulfiram
B. Chlorpromazine
C. Naloxone
D. Methadone: Disulfiram-> Disulfiram supports abstinence by creating adversereactions if
alcohol is consumed. It works well for motivated patients like Ellen.
2. Nori is a 24-year-old who abuses opioids and drinks heavily but is not yetready to stop
using. What is the best harm-reduction strategy?
A. Bupropion
B. Naloxone
C. Naltrexone
D. Methadone: Naloxone-> Naloxone should be offered to anyone at risk of opioid overdose,
especially those not ready to quit, as a life-saving measure.
3. Juan is a 19-year-old who uses oxycodone and occasionally drinks alco- hol. He expresses
motivation to quit both. Which treatment is most appropri-ate?
A. Chlorpromazine
B. Varenicline
C. Methadone
D. Naltrexone: Naltrexone-> Naltrexone is effective for individuals with both alcoholand
opioid use disorders who are motivated to maintain abstinence.
4. According to the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, how manypeople had
both alcohol and illicit drug use disorders?
A. 14.5 million
B. 8.3 million
C. 20.4 million
D. 2.4 million: 2.4 million-> The data shows that out of 20.4 million people with asubstance
use disorder, 2.4 million had both alcohol and illicit drug use disorders.
5. Which part of the brain is primarily associated with the binge intoxicationphase of
addiction?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Basal ganglia
,C. Amygdala
D. Hippocampus: Basal ganglia-> The basal ganglia is involved in the binge intox-ication
phase, playing a central role in the brain's reward circuitry.
6. What brain structure is associated with the withdrawal/negative affectstage of addiction?
A. Cerebellum
B. Basal ganglia
C. Extended amygdala
D. Prefrontal cortex: Extended amygdala-> The extended amygdala is linked to thenegative
emotional states and stress responses during withdrawal.
7. The preoccupation/anticipation phase of addiction is linked to which partof the brain?
A. Basal ganglia
B. Hippocampus
C. Extended amygdala
D. Prefrontal cortex: Prefrontal cortex-> The prefrontal cortex is responsible for decision-
making, planning, and craving, making it crucial during the preoccupa- tion/anticipation
phase.
8. Which of the following neurotransmitter systems is most involved in the brain's reward
circuitry related to substance use?
A. Serotonin and acetylcholine
B. Opioid, catecholamine, and GABA systems
C. Dopamine and melatonin
D. Histamine and glutamate: B - Opioid, catecholamine, and GABA systems-> These
neurotransmitters are central to the brain-reward circuitry that underlies thedevelopment of
substance use disorders.
9. What theory suggests that individuals use substances to cope with emo-tional or
psychological pain?
A. Conditioning theory
B. Psychodynamic theory
C. Self-medication theory
D. Neurobiological theory: C - Self-medication theory-> This theory proposes that
individuals may use substances as a coping mechanism for underlying mental healthissues.
10. According to psychodynamic theory, substance use is a result of:
A. Brain structure abnormalities
,B. An inability to metabolize substances
C. A failure to regulate neurotransmitters
D. Difficulty coping with reality, using substances as self-medication: Difficulty coping with
reality, using substances as self-medication-> Psychodynamic theories view substance use as a
maladaptive mechanism to handle psychological distressor reality.
11. Substance-related disorders are divided into which two primary cate-gories?
A. Substance intoxication and withdrawal disorders
B. Substance use and substance-induced disorders
C. Physical and psychological dependence disorders
D. Mild and severe substance disorders: B - Substance use and substance-in- duced disorders-
> Substance-related disorders are categorized as substance usedisorders (chronic use) and
substance-induced disorders (e.g., intoxication, with- drawal, or mental health symptoms).
12. Which of the following is not typically classified as a physical symptom ofsubstance use
disorder?
A. Tolerance
B. Withdrawal
C. Craving
D. Physiologic effects: C - Craving-> Craving is considered a behavioral symptom,while
tolerance and withdrawal are physical symptoms of substance dependence.
13. A person who continues to use a substance despite social or occupationalconsequences is
exhibiting which type of dependence?
A. Behavioral
B. Physical
C. Psychological
D. Neurological: C - Psychological-> Psychological dependence includes contin-ued use
despite negative social, occupational, or emotional consequences.
14. What is the minimum number of symptoms required within 12 months tomeet the
diagnosis for a mild substance use disorder?
A. One
B. Two
C. Four
D. Six: B - Two-> A diagnosis of mild SUD is made when a person has two or threeof the 11
diagnostic criteria within a 12-month period.
, 15. Which of the following describes a moderate substance use disorder?
A. One symptom within 6 months
B. Two to three symptoms within 12 months
C. Four to five symptoms without loss of control
D. Six or more symptoms with loss of control: C - Four to five symptoms withoutloss of
control-> Moderate SUD involves four or five of the diagnostic criteria, typically without
evidence of total loss of control.
16. Which of the following best defines substance use disorder (SUD)?
A. Repeated use of substances only for recreational purposes
B. Physiological withdrawal symptoms after stopping a substance
C. Recurrent use of a substance causing clinically significant impairment
D. Psychological craving without health consequences: C-> SUD is character- ized by the
recurrent use of a substance that results in significant impairment, such as health issues,
disability, or failure to meet responsibilities.
17. What is the primary role of PMHNPs in managing substance use disorders?
A. Enforcing abstinence through legal channels
B. Providing only pharmacologic treatments
C. Delivering both pharmacologic and therapeutic interventions
D. Diagnosing SUD without further follow-up: C-> PMHNPs play a critical role inoffering
comprehensive care including both medication management and therapy for individuals with
SUD.
18. Tolerance is best described as:
A. An emotional response to drug cravings
B. Needing increased doses to achieve previous effects
C. Withdrawal symptoms after stopping a drug
D. The body's allergic reaction to a drug: B-> Tolerance develops with repeateddrug use,
requiring larger doses to achieve the same effect as initially experienced.
19. What is a defining characteristic of addiction?
A. Only physical symptoms without behavioral changes
B. Use of substances without any social consequences
C. Persistent use of a substance despite harmful consequences
D. Tolerance and withdrawal alone: C-> Addiction involves continued substanceuse despite
1. Ellen, a 35-year-old woman who previously drank 4-5 drinks daily, has been abstinent for
8 days and wants medication to help her stay sober. Whichmedication is most appropriate?
A. Disulfiram
B. Chlorpromazine
C. Naloxone
D. Methadone: Disulfiram-> Disulfiram supports abstinence by creating adversereactions if
alcohol is consumed. It works well for motivated patients like Ellen.
2. Nori is a 24-year-old who abuses opioids and drinks heavily but is not yetready to stop
using. What is the best harm-reduction strategy?
A. Bupropion
B. Naloxone
C. Naltrexone
D. Methadone: Naloxone-> Naloxone should be offered to anyone at risk of opioid overdose,
especially those not ready to quit, as a life-saving measure.
3. Juan is a 19-year-old who uses oxycodone and occasionally drinks alco- hol. He expresses
motivation to quit both. Which treatment is most appropri-ate?
A. Chlorpromazine
B. Varenicline
C. Methadone
D. Naltrexone: Naltrexone-> Naltrexone is effective for individuals with both alcoholand
opioid use disorders who are motivated to maintain abstinence.
4. According to the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, how manypeople had
both alcohol and illicit drug use disorders?
A. 14.5 million
B. 8.3 million
C. 20.4 million
D. 2.4 million: 2.4 million-> The data shows that out of 20.4 million people with asubstance
use disorder, 2.4 million had both alcohol and illicit drug use disorders.
5. Which part of the brain is primarily associated with the binge intoxicationphase of
addiction?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Basal ganglia
,C. Amygdala
D. Hippocampus: Basal ganglia-> The basal ganglia is involved in the binge intox-ication
phase, playing a central role in the brain's reward circuitry.
6. What brain structure is associated with the withdrawal/negative affectstage of addiction?
A. Cerebellum
B. Basal ganglia
C. Extended amygdala
D. Prefrontal cortex: Extended amygdala-> The extended amygdala is linked to thenegative
emotional states and stress responses during withdrawal.
7. The preoccupation/anticipation phase of addiction is linked to which partof the brain?
A. Basal ganglia
B. Hippocampus
C. Extended amygdala
D. Prefrontal cortex: Prefrontal cortex-> The prefrontal cortex is responsible for decision-
making, planning, and craving, making it crucial during the preoccupa- tion/anticipation
phase.
8. Which of the following neurotransmitter systems is most involved in the brain's reward
circuitry related to substance use?
A. Serotonin and acetylcholine
B. Opioid, catecholamine, and GABA systems
C. Dopamine and melatonin
D. Histamine and glutamate: B - Opioid, catecholamine, and GABA systems-> These
neurotransmitters are central to the brain-reward circuitry that underlies thedevelopment of
substance use disorders.
9. What theory suggests that individuals use substances to cope with emo-tional or
psychological pain?
A. Conditioning theory
B. Psychodynamic theory
C. Self-medication theory
D. Neurobiological theory: C - Self-medication theory-> This theory proposes that
individuals may use substances as a coping mechanism for underlying mental healthissues.
10. According to psychodynamic theory, substance use is a result of:
A. Brain structure abnormalities
,B. An inability to metabolize substances
C. A failure to regulate neurotransmitters
D. Difficulty coping with reality, using substances as self-medication: Difficulty coping with
reality, using substances as self-medication-> Psychodynamic theories view substance use as a
maladaptive mechanism to handle psychological distressor reality.
11. Substance-related disorders are divided into which two primary cate-gories?
A. Substance intoxication and withdrawal disorders
B. Substance use and substance-induced disorders
C. Physical and psychological dependence disorders
D. Mild and severe substance disorders: B - Substance use and substance-in- duced disorders-
> Substance-related disorders are categorized as substance usedisorders (chronic use) and
substance-induced disorders (e.g., intoxication, with- drawal, or mental health symptoms).
12. Which of the following is not typically classified as a physical symptom ofsubstance use
disorder?
A. Tolerance
B. Withdrawal
C. Craving
D. Physiologic effects: C - Craving-> Craving is considered a behavioral symptom,while
tolerance and withdrawal are physical symptoms of substance dependence.
13. A person who continues to use a substance despite social or occupationalconsequences is
exhibiting which type of dependence?
A. Behavioral
B. Physical
C. Psychological
D. Neurological: C - Psychological-> Psychological dependence includes contin-ued use
despite negative social, occupational, or emotional consequences.
14. What is the minimum number of symptoms required within 12 months tomeet the
diagnosis for a mild substance use disorder?
A. One
B. Two
C. Four
D. Six: B - Two-> A diagnosis of mild SUD is made when a person has two or threeof the 11
diagnostic criteria within a 12-month period.
, 15. Which of the following describes a moderate substance use disorder?
A. One symptom within 6 months
B. Two to three symptoms within 12 months
C. Four to five symptoms without loss of control
D. Six or more symptoms with loss of control: C - Four to five symptoms withoutloss of
control-> Moderate SUD involves four or five of the diagnostic criteria, typically without
evidence of total loss of control.
16. Which of the following best defines substance use disorder (SUD)?
A. Repeated use of substances only for recreational purposes
B. Physiological withdrawal symptoms after stopping a substance
C. Recurrent use of a substance causing clinically significant impairment
D. Psychological craving without health consequences: C-> SUD is character- ized by the
recurrent use of a substance that results in significant impairment, such as health issues,
disability, or failure to meet responsibilities.
17. What is the primary role of PMHNPs in managing substance use disorders?
A. Enforcing abstinence through legal channels
B. Providing only pharmacologic treatments
C. Delivering both pharmacologic and therapeutic interventions
D. Diagnosing SUD without further follow-up: C-> PMHNPs play a critical role inoffering
comprehensive care including both medication management and therapy for individuals with
SUD.
18. Tolerance is best described as:
A. An emotional response to drug cravings
B. Needing increased doses to achieve previous effects
C. Withdrawal symptoms after stopping a drug
D. The body's allergic reaction to a drug: B-> Tolerance develops with repeateddrug use,
requiring larger doses to achieve the same effect as initially experienced.
19. What is a defining characteristic of addiction?
A. Only physical symptoms without behavioral changes
B. Use of substances without any social consequences
C. Persistent use of a substance despite harmful consequences
D. Tolerance and withdrawal alone: C-> Addiction involves continued substanceuse despite
