Pediatrics HESI Exam questions and accurate
answers |100% correct|latest 2025/2026
Which should the nurse assess last when examining a 5-year-old child?
B B B B B B B B B B
a. Heart.
B
b. Lungs.
B
c. Throat.
B
d. Abdomen. - ANSWER-c. Throat.
B B B B
Examination of the mouth, throat, and perineum is considered to be more invasive than other parts of
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
a physical examination. Invasive procedures should be left for the end of the examination for a presch
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ooler.
The community health nurse teaches the parents of school-
B B B B B B B B
age children about the need for fluoride as part of a dental health program. Which statement by the p
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
arents indicates that they understand the teaching?
B B B B B B
a. "Excessive amounts of fluoride will make teeth turn brittle and yellow."
B B B B B B B B B B B
b. "Having our children brush with fluoride toothpaste is not effective."
B B B B B B B B B B
c. "Use of fluoride in water is mostly effective during initial tooth formation."
B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Dental caries can be prevented through fluoridation of public water." - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Dental caries can be prevented through fluoridation of public water."
B B B B B B B B B B
Dental caries can be prevented through fluoridation of public water.
B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and lethargy. Which finding should the nurse identify th
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
at is consistent with early dehydration?
B B B B B
a. Tachycardia.
B
b. Bradycardia.
B
c. Dry mucous membranes.
B B B
d. Increased skin turgor. - ANSWER-a. Tachycardia.
B B B B B B
,In early dehydration (during the first 2 days), fluid loss occurs first from the extracellular and intravasc
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ular fluid spaces. Blood pressure falls and heart rate increases in response to a diminished blood volu
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
me.
When conducting a hygiene class for adolescent girls, it is important for the nurse to include which ins
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
truction about preventing toxic shock syndrome?
B B B B B
a. Wash your hands before inserting a tampon.
B B B B B B B
b. Use super absorbent tampons.
B B B B
c. Wear cotton underwear.
B B B
d. Douche following menstruation. - ANSWER-a. Wash your hands before inserting a tampon.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
The single most effective means of preventing infection is handwashing.
B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is caring for an irritable, lethargic 18-month-old child who swallowed several over-the-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
counter (OTC) antihistamine tablets an hour ago. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
B B B B B B B B B B B B
a. Initiate gastric lavage.
B B B
b. Administer naloxone.
B B
c. Give a dose of ipecac syrup.
B B B B B B
d. Encourage oral intake of water or milk. - ANSWER-a. Initiate gastric lavage.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Gastric lavage should be implemented within 2 hours of ingestion to ensure gastric removal of a nonc
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
orrosive substance, such as an OTC antihistamine.
B B B B B B
Which sign of malignant hyperthermia should the nurse assess for during the perioperative period in a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
child receiving general anesthesia?
B B B B
a. Apnea.
B
b. Tachypnea.
B
c. Bradycardia.
B
d. Decreased blood pressure. - ANSWER-b. Tachypnea.
B B B B B B
,Malignant hyperthermia, a potentially fatal autosomal genetic myopathy, can cause a change in vital si
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
gns that demands immediate attention in the perioperative period when these individuals are expose
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d to anesthetic agents. Early symptoms of the disorder include tachycardia and tachyarrhythmia, tach
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ypnea, hypercarbia, and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. An elevated temperature is a late sign of t
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
he disorder.
B
A child with a penetrating eye injury comes to the school clinic. Which action should the nurse implem
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ent?
a. Remove the object impaled in the eye and then apply a regular eye patch.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
b. Place an ice bag over the eye until the healthcare provider is seen
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
c. .Irrigate the affected eye copiously with a cool sterile saline solution.
B B B B B B B B B B B
d. Apply a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye. - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. Apply a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The treatment for a penetrating eye injury is not to remove or manipulate the impaled object, but to a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
pply a Fox shield over the eye, if available (not a regular eye patch). Place an eye patch over the unaffe
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
cted eye to prevent bilateral eye movement. The child should be transported to the emergency depart
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ment immediately. If a Fox shield is not available, tape a paper cup over the eye and object.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is triaging a child with a fever brought to the emergency department by the parents. Which
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
finding requires the nurse's immediate intervention?
B B B B B
a. Prolonged exhalations.
B B
b. Thick yellow rhinorrhea.
B B B
c. Frequent nonproductive cough.
B B B
d. Oxygen saturation of 95% by pulse oximeter. - ANSWER-a. Prolonged exhalations.
B B B B B B B B B B B
Prolonged exhalation indicates breathing difficulty and requires immediate intervention. According to
B B B B B B B B B B B
the American Heart Association's Pediatric Advance Life Support (PALS) algorithm, a prolonged expirat
B B B B B B B B B B B B
ion in a pediatric client is indicative of lower airway obstruction.
B B B B B B B B B B
A newborn who is breastfeeding is diagnosed with galactosemia. Which action should the nurse imple
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ment?
a. Stop the infant breastfeeding.
B B B B
, b. Add amino acids to breast milk.
B B B B B B
c. Give galactokinase with breast milk.
B B B B B
d. Substitute a lactose-containing formula. - ANSWER-a. Stop the infant breastfeeding.
B B B B B B B B B B
Galactosemia is a rare genetic disorder that involves an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism in w
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
hich a hepatic enzyme, galactokinase, involved in the conversion of galactose to glucose is absent. Tre
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
atment consists of eliminating all lactose-
B B B B B
containing foods, including breast milk, so the infant should stop breastfeeding. Soy protein formula is
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
the feeding of choice during infancy.
B B B B B B
A 12-year-
B
old male client tells the nurse that he is happy to be taking growth hormones because now he can gro
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
w to be as tall as his friends. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
a. "You must remember that this treatment regimen is not always effective."
B B B B B B B B B B B
b. "Although being tall is important to you, remember there are far more important characteristics tha
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
n height."
B
c. You will grow with this medicine, and are likely to be taller than anyone in your family."
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Being taller is important to you and taking your injections will help achieve that goal." - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Being taller is important to you and taking your injections will help achieve that goal."
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
A 4-year-old child who is ventilator-
B B B B B
dependent is receiving tube feedings in the home setting. The family wants to begin oral feeding of th
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
e child and asks the home health nurse to orally feed the 4-year-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
old baby food. What steps should be taken? (Rank in priority order.)
B B B B B B B B B B B
1. Acknowledge the request.
B B B
2. Explore available options.
B B B
3. Explain the risk of aspiration.
B B B B B
4. Contact the healthcare provider (HCP) and discuss suggested new options for further orders and ad
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ditional discussion. - ANSWER-1. Acknowledge the request.
B B B B B B
2. Explain the risk of aspiration.
B B B B B
3. Explore available options.
B B B
4. Contact the healthcare provider (HCP) and discuss suggested new options for further orders and ad
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ditional discussion. B
answers |100% correct|latest 2025/2026
Which should the nurse assess last when examining a 5-year-old child?
B B B B B B B B B B
a. Heart.
B
b. Lungs.
B
c. Throat.
B
d. Abdomen. - ANSWER-c. Throat.
B B B B
Examination of the mouth, throat, and perineum is considered to be more invasive than other parts of
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
a physical examination. Invasive procedures should be left for the end of the examination for a presch
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ooler.
The community health nurse teaches the parents of school-
B B B B B B B B
age children about the need for fluoride as part of a dental health program. Which statement by the p
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
arents indicates that they understand the teaching?
B B B B B B
a. "Excessive amounts of fluoride will make teeth turn brittle and yellow."
B B B B B B B B B B B
b. "Having our children brush with fluoride toothpaste is not effective."
B B B B B B B B B B
c. "Use of fluoride in water is mostly effective during initial tooth formation."
B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Dental caries can be prevented through fluoridation of public water." - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Dental caries can be prevented through fluoridation of public water."
B B B B B B B B B B
Dental caries can be prevented through fluoridation of public water.
B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and lethargy. Which finding should the nurse identify th
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
at is consistent with early dehydration?
B B B B B
a. Tachycardia.
B
b. Bradycardia.
B
c. Dry mucous membranes.
B B B
d. Increased skin turgor. - ANSWER-a. Tachycardia.
B B B B B B
,In early dehydration (during the first 2 days), fluid loss occurs first from the extracellular and intravasc
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ular fluid spaces. Blood pressure falls and heart rate increases in response to a diminished blood volu
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
me.
When conducting a hygiene class for adolescent girls, it is important for the nurse to include which ins
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
truction about preventing toxic shock syndrome?
B B B B B
a. Wash your hands before inserting a tampon.
B B B B B B B
b. Use super absorbent tampons.
B B B B
c. Wear cotton underwear.
B B B
d. Douche following menstruation. - ANSWER-a. Wash your hands before inserting a tampon.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
The single most effective means of preventing infection is handwashing.
B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is caring for an irritable, lethargic 18-month-old child who swallowed several over-the-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
counter (OTC) antihistamine tablets an hour ago. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
B B B B B B B B B B B B
a. Initiate gastric lavage.
B B B
b. Administer naloxone.
B B
c. Give a dose of ipecac syrup.
B B B B B B
d. Encourage oral intake of water or milk. - ANSWER-a. Initiate gastric lavage.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Gastric lavage should be implemented within 2 hours of ingestion to ensure gastric removal of a nonc
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
orrosive substance, such as an OTC antihistamine.
B B B B B B
Which sign of malignant hyperthermia should the nurse assess for during the perioperative period in a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
child receiving general anesthesia?
B B B B
a. Apnea.
B
b. Tachypnea.
B
c. Bradycardia.
B
d. Decreased blood pressure. - ANSWER-b. Tachypnea.
B B B B B B
,Malignant hyperthermia, a potentially fatal autosomal genetic myopathy, can cause a change in vital si
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
gns that demands immediate attention in the perioperative period when these individuals are expose
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d to anesthetic agents. Early symptoms of the disorder include tachycardia and tachyarrhythmia, tach
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ypnea, hypercarbia, and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. An elevated temperature is a late sign of t
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
he disorder.
B
A child with a penetrating eye injury comes to the school clinic. Which action should the nurse implem
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ent?
a. Remove the object impaled in the eye and then apply a regular eye patch.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
b. Place an ice bag over the eye until the healthcare provider is seen
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
c. .Irrigate the affected eye copiously with a cool sterile saline solution.
B B B B B B B B B B B
d. Apply a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye. - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. Apply a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The treatment for a penetrating eye injury is not to remove or manipulate the impaled object, but to a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
pply a Fox shield over the eye, if available (not a regular eye patch). Place an eye patch over the unaffe
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
cted eye to prevent bilateral eye movement. The child should be transported to the emergency depart
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ment immediately. If a Fox shield is not available, tape a paper cup over the eye and object.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is triaging a child with a fever brought to the emergency department by the parents. Which
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
finding requires the nurse's immediate intervention?
B B B B B
a. Prolonged exhalations.
B B
b. Thick yellow rhinorrhea.
B B B
c. Frequent nonproductive cough.
B B B
d. Oxygen saturation of 95% by pulse oximeter. - ANSWER-a. Prolonged exhalations.
B B B B B B B B B B B
Prolonged exhalation indicates breathing difficulty and requires immediate intervention. According to
B B B B B B B B B B B
the American Heart Association's Pediatric Advance Life Support (PALS) algorithm, a prolonged expirat
B B B B B B B B B B B B
ion in a pediatric client is indicative of lower airway obstruction.
B B B B B B B B B B
A newborn who is breastfeeding is diagnosed with galactosemia. Which action should the nurse imple
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ment?
a. Stop the infant breastfeeding.
B B B B
, b. Add amino acids to breast milk.
B B B B B B
c. Give galactokinase with breast milk.
B B B B B
d. Substitute a lactose-containing formula. - ANSWER-a. Stop the infant breastfeeding.
B B B B B B B B B B
Galactosemia is a rare genetic disorder that involves an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism in w
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
hich a hepatic enzyme, galactokinase, involved in the conversion of galactose to glucose is absent. Tre
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
atment consists of eliminating all lactose-
B B B B B
containing foods, including breast milk, so the infant should stop breastfeeding. Soy protein formula is
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
the feeding of choice during infancy.
B B B B B B
A 12-year-
B
old male client tells the nurse that he is happy to be taking growth hormones because now he can gro
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
w to be as tall as his friends. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
a. "You must remember that this treatment regimen is not always effective."
B B B B B B B B B B B
b. "Although being tall is important to you, remember there are far more important characteristics tha
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
n height."
B
c. You will grow with this medicine, and are likely to be taller than anyone in your family."
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Being taller is important to you and taking your injections will help achieve that goal." - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d. "Being taller is important to you and taking your injections will help achieve that goal."
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
A 4-year-old child who is ventilator-
B B B B B
dependent is receiving tube feedings in the home setting. The family wants to begin oral feeding of th
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
e child and asks the home health nurse to orally feed the 4-year-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
old baby food. What steps should be taken? (Rank in priority order.)
B B B B B B B B B B B
1. Acknowledge the request.
B B B
2. Explore available options.
B B B
3. Explain the risk of aspiration.
B B B B B
4. Contact the healthcare provider (HCP) and discuss suggested new options for further orders and ad
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ditional discussion. - ANSWER-1. Acknowledge the request.
B B B B B B
2. Explain the risk of aspiration.
B B B B B
3. Explore available options.
B B B
4. Contact the healthcare provider (HCP) and discuss suggested new options for further orders and ad
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ditional discussion. B
