NURC 324 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
A correct understanding of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is
indicated by what statement?
ADH is secreted by the adrenal glands.
ADH release is triggered by osmoreceptors and volume
receptors.
ADH stimulates the liver to retain sodium and water.
Release of ADH results in increased excretion of urine. Correct
Answers ADH release is triggered by osmoreceptors and
volume receptors.
A frail, confused older age male patient is admitted with
dehydration secondary to severe vomiting and diarrhea. The
patient is continuously calling for a drink of water even though
he is nauseated. The nurse is aware that this patient's constant
thirst stems from what underlying cause?
Release of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex.
Increased plasma osmolality and decreased plasma volume.
Release of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex.
Increased blood volume and elevated osmolality. Correct
Answers Increased plasma osmolality and decreased plasma
volume.
,A nurse helping at a community blood drive is explaining about
the components of whole blood. Which components of donated
blood can be separated for individual use? Select All That Apply
White Blood Cells
Plasma
Albumin
Cryoprecipitate
Red Blood Cells Correct Answers Plasma
Albumin
Cryoprecipitate
Red Blood Cells
A nursing student correctly describes the process of osmosis
with which statement?
Water moves from an area of lower concentration of solutes to
an area of higher concentration.
Solutes move from an area of lower concentration to an area of
higher concentration.
Application of hydrostatic force enables water and solutes to
move through the cell membrane.
Water and solutes move between vascular and interstitial
compartments. Correct Answers Water moves from an area of
lower concentration of solutes to an area of higher
concentration.
,A nursing student demonstrates knowledge of total body water
(TBW) with what statement?
Women tend to have a higher percentage of TBW than men.
Infants have a higher percentage of TBW than older or obese
patients.
Water makes up only 45% of a healthy adult's body weight.
TBW in generally healthy adults is the same, regardless of
gender or age. Correct Answers Infants have a higher
percentage of TBW than older or obese patients.
A nursing student receives an order for plasma administration
and is unsure if this means a whole blood transfusion will be
used. The instructor gives which explanation?
Plasma can be separated from whole blood; so plasma will be
used.
Plasma is a small percentage of blood; so whole blood is used.
Plasma can be separated out as albumin; so albumin is used.
Whole blood does not contain plasma; so plasma is used.
Correct Answers Plasma can be separated from whole blood;
so plasma will be used.
A patient diagnosed with high blood pressure asks, "Why do I
have to monitor my salt intake?" Which explanation should the
nurse include in the response to this patient?
, "Sodium has a diuretic effect. You should increase the amount
you consume so that you will get rid of extra fluid and decrease
your blood pressure."
"Sodium helps to maintain blood pressure. Since your blood
pressure is high, you should decrease your sodium intake."
"Sodium affects the electrical activity within your heart.
Decreasing your sodium intake will allow your heart to pump
more effectively and decrease your blood pressure."
"Sodium is the main ingredient in salt; however, sodium does
not influence your blood pressure. I think the doctor told you to
monitor your potassium intake instead." Correct Answers
"Sodium helps to maintain blood pressure. Since your blood
pressure is high, you should decrease your sodium intake."
A patient has a serum potassium level of 7.0 mEq/L and dialysis
is ordered. Which should the nurse expect after the dialysis
treatment?
There will be no change in the patient's potassium level.
The serum potassium concentration will increase.
The serum potassium concentration will decrease.
What will happen to the serum potassium cannot be determined.
Correct Answers The serum potassium concentration will
decrease.
A patient has developed a clot in a coronary artery and the heart
muscle cells did not make enough ATP. When a nursing student
A correct understanding of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is
indicated by what statement?
ADH is secreted by the adrenal glands.
ADH release is triggered by osmoreceptors and volume
receptors.
ADH stimulates the liver to retain sodium and water.
Release of ADH results in increased excretion of urine. Correct
Answers ADH release is triggered by osmoreceptors and
volume receptors.
A frail, confused older age male patient is admitted with
dehydration secondary to severe vomiting and diarrhea. The
patient is continuously calling for a drink of water even though
he is nauseated. The nurse is aware that this patient's constant
thirst stems from what underlying cause?
Release of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex.
Increased plasma osmolality and decreased plasma volume.
Release of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex.
Increased blood volume and elevated osmolality. Correct
Answers Increased plasma osmolality and decreased plasma
volume.
,A nurse helping at a community blood drive is explaining about
the components of whole blood. Which components of donated
blood can be separated for individual use? Select All That Apply
White Blood Cells
Plasma
Albumin
Cryoprecipitate
Red Blood Cells Correct Answers Plasma
Albumin
Cryoprecipitate
Red Blood Cells
A nursing student correctly describes the process of osmosis
with which statement?
Water moves from an area of lower concentration of solutes to
an area of higher concentration.
Solutes move from an area of lower concentration to an area of
higher concentration.
Application of hydrostatic force enables water and solutes to
move through the cell membrane.
Water and solutes move between vascular and interstitial
compartments. Correct Answers Water moves from an area of
lower concentration of solutes to an area of higher
concentration.
,A nursing student demonstrates knowledge of total body water
(TBW) with what statement?
Women tend to have a higher percentage of TBW than men.
Infants have a higher percentage of TBW than older or obese
patients.
Water makes up only 45% of a healthy adult's body weight.
TBW in generally healthy adults is the same, regardless of
gender or age. Correct Answers Infants have a higher
percentage of TBW than older or obese patients.
A nursing student receives an order for plasma administration
and is unsure if this means a whole blood transfusion will be
used. The instructor gives which explanation?
Plasma can be separated from whole blood; so plasma will be
used.
Plasma is a small percentage of blood; so whole blood is used.
Plasma can be separated out as albumin; so albumin is used.
Whole blood does not contain plasma; so plasma is used.
Correct Answers Plasma can be separated from whole blood;
so plasma will be used.
A patient diagnosed with high blood pressure asks, "Why do I
have to monitor my salt intake?" Which explanation should the
nurse include in the response to this patient?
, "Sodium has a diuretic effect. You should increase the amount
you consume so that you will get rid of extra fluid and decrease
your blood pressure."
"Sodium helps to maintain blood pressure. Since your blood
pressure is high, you should decrease your sodium intake."
"Sodium affects the electrical activity within your heart.
Decreasing your sodium intake will allow your heart to pump
more effectively and decrease your blood pressure."
"Sodium is the main ingredient in salt; however, sodium does
not influence your blood pressure. I think the doctor told you to
monitor your potassium intake instead." Correct Answers
"Sodium helps to maintain blood pressure. Since your blood
pressure is high, you should decrease your sodium intake."
A patient has a serum potassium level of 7.0 mEq/L and dialysis
is ordered. Which should the nurse expect after the dialysis
treatment?
There will be no change in the patient's potassium level.
The serum potassium concentration will increase.
The serum potassium concentration will decrease.
What will happen to the serum potassium cannot be determined.
Correct Answers The serum potassium concentration will
decrease.
A patient has developed a clot in a coronary artery and the heart
muscle cells did not make enough ATP. When a nursing student
