FNP Pediatrics Exam questions and 100% correct answers | 2025/2026

FNP Pediatrics Exam questions and 100%
correct answers | 2025/2026
Respiratory rates B




INFANT 0-12 mo B B




TODDLER 1-3y B




PRESCHOOL 4-5y B




SCHOOL AGE 6-12y - ANSWER-Infant: 30-60
B B B B B




Toddler: 24-40 B




Preschool: 22-34 B




School age: 18-30
B B




Viral URIB




Etiology

Dx

Tx

Duration - ANSWER-Etiology: rhinovirus, paraflu, adenovirus, RSV, coxsackie, flu
B B B B B B B B




Dx: clinical, nasopharyngeal swab indicated in cases with significant fever, myalgia, malaise, sore throa
B B B B B B B B B B B B B


t



Tx: symptom management (no honey <1 y, no cough/cold meds <4)
B B B B B B B B B B




Duration: 5-7 days (if longer, consider acute bacterial sinusitis)
B B B B B B B B




Honey - ANSWER-Not before 1 year old
B B B B B B




Who can't have cough/cold meds - ANSWER-<4 y/o
B B B B B B B




Brochiolitis

,Etiology

Very common in...
B B




S/s

Dx

Tx

Duration - ANSWER-Etiology: usually RSV
B B B B




Very common <24 months old (infants)
B B B B B




S/s: rhinnorhea, cough, wheeze, tachypnea, increased WOB
B B B B B B




Dx: no labs/imaging, CXR only if atypical presentation (no viral s/s, severe distress, recurrence, lack of i
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B


mprovement)



Tx: NO ANTIBIOTICS, ALBUTEROL, EPI, STEROIDS, LOWER AIRWAY SUCTIONING
B B B B B B B B




--Nasal suctioning is mainstay of treatment
B B B B B




--Self-limiting



Duration: worsens at 3-5 days, then improves
B B B B B B




Pneumonia - etiologies, who gets each kind more, pathogens - ANSWER-Etiology:
B B B B B B B B B B




-BACTERIAL: more in school-aged/AYA -- B B B B


Bchild appears TOXIC looking (strep pneumo**, staph aureus, mycoplasma pneumo)
B B B B B B B B B




-VIRAL: more in preschool/infants -- child doesn't look as ill as in bacterial
B B B B B B B B B B B B




-FUNGAL/PARASITIC



What kind of pneumonia appears more toxic? - ANSWER-Bacterial --
B B B B B B B B B


normally strep pneumo, normally school aged/AYA
B B B B B B




Pneumonia - presentation (infants, children/AYA, all kids) - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B


INFANTS: difficulty feeding, irritability
B B B

,CHILDREN/AYA: pleuritic chest pain B B B




ALL KIDS: fever, leukocytosis, cough, tachypnea, lethargy/low energy, hypoxemia, increased WOB, dec
B B B B B B B B B B B


reased appetite, crackles, wheeze
B B B




Pneumonia



Dx

Tx - ANSWER-DX:
B B




-CLINICAL PICTURE B




-CXR if clinical findings are inconclusive, hx of recurrent pneumonia, disease is severe
B B B B B B B B B B B B




-CBC and blood cultures (usually only once hospitalized)
B B B B B B B




Tx:

-Antibiotics if you suspect bacterial etiology (Amox, Cefdinir, Zithromax)
B B B B B B B B




What is the drug of choice for bacterial pneumonia? - ANSWER-Amoxicillin
B B B B B B B B B B




Pneumonia - when to hospitalize B B B B




-Appearance

-Vitals

-AEs

-Duration - ANSWER-Toxic appearing (normally bacterial etiology)
B B B B B B




O2 sat <90%
B B




RR >70 in infants and >50 in older kids
B B B B B B B B




Dehydration

No improvement/worsening within 48-72 hours
B B B B




Sinusitis timeline B

, -Acute

-Recurrent acute B




-Chronic - ANSWER-Acute: <30 days
B B B B




Recurrent acute (RABS): episodes of bacterial sinusitis lasting <30 days and separated by intervals of >
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B


10 days during which the patient is asymptomatic
B B B B B B B




Chronic: 90+ uninterrupted symptomatic days
B B B B




Sinusitis - presentation (3) - ANSWER-Child with acute URI presents with...
B B B B B B B B B B




Nasal discharge of any kind OR daytime cough >10 days without improvement
B B B B B B B B B B B




Worsening course of nasal discharge, daytime cough, or fever after initial improvement
B B B B B B B B B B B




Severe onset (fever >102.2 and purulent nasal discharge for 3+ days)
B B B B B B B B B B




In sinusitis, young kids do NOT get...? - ANSWER-Sinus tenderness
B B B B B B B B B




Sinusitis



Dx

Tx - ANSWER-Dx: Clinical
B B B




--If RABS or chronic, must get a contrast-
B B B B B B B


enhanced CT/MRI/endoscopy or all 3 to detect obstructive conditions (especially in kids with genetic o
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B


r acquired craniofacial abnormalities)
B B B




Tx:

-Observe

-Amox if worse in 72 hours
B B B B B




-High dose Augmentin if they have used Amox in last 30 days
B B B B B B B B B B B