ADN 520 Exam 4 Questions and Complete solutions
Describe Type 1 Diabetes - ✔✔Autoimmune disease where the body produces NO INSULIN.
The body breaks down fat and protein for energy which results in ketones.
Associated with DKA
Often first diagnosed in pediatric patients
Describe Type 2 Diabetes - ✔✔The body becomes insulin resistant and only produces a small
amount of insulin.
The body doesn't produce enough insulin to metabolize the amount of glucose taken in.
Often in older adults.
What are risk factors for diabetes? - ✔✔hypertension
high blood sugar
high cholesterol
obesity
What are signs and symptoms of high blood sugar? - ✔✔"hot and dry means the sugar is high"
polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria
nausea/vomiting
,fatigue
What are signs and symptoms of low blood sugar? - ✔✔"cold and clammy needs some sugary
candy"
More severe. HypoGLY, the brain might DIE.
cool, pale, diaphoretic
trembling, nervous, anxious
HIWASH: headache, irritability, weakness, anxious, sweaty, shaky, and hungry
What are the causes of high blood sugar? What is the treatment? - ✔✔sepsis
stress
skipped insulin
steroids
Treatment: insulin
What are the causes of low blood sugar? - ✔✔exercise
alcohol
insulin peak times
What is the treatment for low blood sugar? - ✔✔Awake?: Ask them to eat juice, soda, crackers, low
fat milk
, Sleeping (unresponsive)?: Stab them with D50 (IV or IO)
What is the normal range for glucose? - ✔✔70-115
What is the ideal HgB A1C level? - ✔✔6.5 or below but under 7 is the goal
What is the diet for diabetes? - ✔✔Diet low in carbs
Avoid simple sugars (soda, candy, white bread/rice, juices, potatoes and fries)
Eat high fiber foods (beans, brown rice, whole wheat bread)
What are the four types of insulin? - ✔✔Long-acting
NPH/Intermediate
Regular/Short Acting
Rapid acting
What are examples of long-acting insulin? - ✔✔detemir
glargine
levemir
What are examples of NPH/intermediate insulin? - ✔✔NPH
Novolin N
Describe Type 1 Diabetes - ✔✔Autoimmune disease where the body produces NO INSULIN.
The body breaks down fat and protein for energy which results in ketones.
Associated with DKA
Often first diagnosed in pediatric patients
Describe Type 2 Diabetes - ✔✔The body becomes insulin resistant and only produces a small
amount of insulin.
The body doesn't produce enough insulin to metabolize the amount of glucose taken in.
Often in older adults.
What are risk factors for diabetes? - ✔✔hypertension
high blood sugar
high cholesterol
obesity
What are signs and symptoms of high blood sugar? - ✔✔"hot and dry means the sugar is high"
polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria
nausea/vomiting
,fatigue
What are signs and symptoms of low blood sugar? - ✔✔"cold and clammy needs some sugary
candy"
More severe. HypoGLY, the brain might DIE.
cool, pale, diaphoretic
trembling, nervous, anxious
HIWASH: headache, irritability, weakness, anxious, sweaty, shaky, and hungry
What are the causes of high blood sugar? What is the treatment? - ✔✔sepsis
stress
skipped insulin
steroids
Treatment: insulin
What are the causes of low blood sugar? - ✔✔exercise
alcohol
insulin peak times
What is the treatment for low blood sugar? - ✔✔Awake?: Ask them to eat juice, soda, crackers, low
fat milk
, Sleeping (unresponsive)?: Stab them with D50 (IV or IO)
What is the normal range for glucose? - ✔✔70-115
What is the ideal HgB A1C level? - ✔✔6.5 or below but under 7 is the goal
What is the diet for diabetes? - ✔✔Diet low in carbs
Avoid simple sugars (soda, candy, white bread/rice, juices, potatoes and fries)
Eat high fiber foods (beans, brown rice, whole wheat bread)
What are the four types of insulin? - ✔✔Long-acting
NPH/Intermediate
Regular/Short Acting
Rapid acting
What are examples of long-acting insulin? - ✔✔detemir
glargine
levemir
What are examples of NPH/intermediate insulin? - ✔✔NPH
Novolin N
