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NURS231 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete
renin?
1. Serum osmotic pressure increases.
2. Serum potassium levels are high
3. The urine pH decreases.
4. Blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases. - correct
answer- 4. blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases
At change-of-shift report, the nurse learns the medical
diagnoses for four patients. Which patient should the nurse
assess MOST carefully for development of hyponatremia?
Select one:
1. Vomiting all day and not replacing any fluid
2. Tumor that secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. Tumor that secretes excessive aldosterone
4. Tumor that destroyed the posterior pituitary gland - correct
answer- 2. tumour that secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone
(ADH)
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Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would
include:
Select one:
1. Increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
2. Decreased aldosterone.
3. Slow, strong heart contraction
4. Peripheral vasodilation. - correct answer- 1. increased
antidiuretic hormone
Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma
proteins?
Select one:
1. Increased osmotic pressure
2. Increased hydrostatic pressure
3. Decreased osmotic pressure
4. Decreased hydrostatic pressure - correct answer- 3.
decreased osmotic pressure
Which substance directly controls the reabsorption of water
from the collecting ducts?
Select one:
1. Renin
2. Aldosterone
3. Angiotensin
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4. Antidiuretic hormone - correct answer- 4. antidiuretic
hormone
When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, what best reflects
the patient's fluid volume status?
Select one:
1. Blood pressure and pulse
2. Intake, output, and daily weight
3. Abdominal girth and calf circumference
4. Serum potassium and sodium levels - correct answer- 2.
Intake, Output and Daily Weight
When is the best time for a patient to receive antidiuretics to
reduce the amount of disruption of their daily routine? - correct
answer- In the morning
Fatigue is characterized by what 3 things? - correct answer- 1.
perception of generalized weakness
2. mental fatigue
3. decreased ability to complete activities
Fatigue is classified as a health problem if it persists for...
a. 1+ week
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b. 2+ weeks
c. 3+ weeks
d. one month+ - correct answer- b. 2 weeks
There are 3 kinds of fatigue classifications. What are they? -
correct answer- 1. Unknown etiology
2. Physiological (due to an imbalance in sleep, nutrition and
activity)
3. Secondary (due to an underlying health condition)
Fatigue is classified as chronic if it persists for... - correct
answer- 6+ months
What are some physiological causes of fatigue (not related to
health conditions, but physiological processes themselves) -
correct answer- 1. buildup of metabolic waste/waste products in
the body
2. inflammatory process
3. an insufficient supply of nutrients needed for functioning
Which fatigue is resistant to treatment: temporary or chronic? -
correct answer- Chronic
NURS231 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete
renin?
1. Serum osmotic pressure increases.
2. Serum potassium levels are high
3. The urine pH decreases.
4. Blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases. - correct
answer- 4. blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases
At change-of-shift report, the nurse learns the medical
diagnoses for four patients. Which patient should the nurse
assess MOST carefully for development of hyponatremia?
Select one:
1. Vomiting all day and not replacing any fluid
2. Tumor that secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. Tumor that secretes excessive aldosterone
4. Tumor that destroyed the posterior pituitary gland - correct
answer- 2. tumour that secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone
(ADH)
,2 | Page
Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would
include:
Select one:
1. Increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
2. Decreased aldosterone.
3. Slow, strong heart contraction
4. Peripheral vasodilation. - correct answer- 1. increased
antidiuretic hormone
Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma
proteins?
Select one:
1. Increased osmotic pressure
2. Increased hydrostatic pressure
3. Decreased osmotic pressure
4. Decreased hydrostatic pressure - correct answer- 3.
decreased osmotic pressure
Which substance directly controls the reabsorption of water
from the collecting ducts?
Select one:
1. Renin
2. Aldosterone
3. Angiotensin
,3 | Page
4. Antidiuretic hormone - correct answer- 4. antidiuretic
hormone
When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, what best reflects
the patient's fluid volume status?
Select one:
1. Blood pressure and pulse
2. Intake, output, and daily weight
3. Abdominal girth and calf circumference
4. Serum potassium and sodium levels - correct answer- 2.
Intake, Output and Daily Weight
When is the best time for a patient to receive antidiuretics to
reduce the amount of disruption of their daily routine? - correct
answer- In the morning
Fatigue is characterized by what 3 things? - correct answer- 1.
perception of generalized weakness
2. mental fatigue
3. decreased ability to complete activities
Fatigue is classified as a health problem if it persists for...
a. 1+ week
, 4 | Page
b. 2+ weeks
c. 3+ weeks
d. one month+ - correct answer- b. 2 weeks
There are 3 kinds of fatigue classifications. What are they? -
correct answer- 1. Unknown etiology
2. Physiological (due to an imbalance in sleep, nutrition and
activity)
3. Secondary (due to an underlying health condition)
Fatigue is classified as chronic if it persists for... - correct
answer- 6+ months
What are some physiological causes of fatigue (not related to
health conditions, but physiological processes themselves) -
correct answer- 1. buildup of metabolic waste/waste products in
the body
2. inflammatory process
3. an insufficient supply of nutrients needed for functioning
Which fatigue is resistant to treatment: temporary or chronic? -
correct answer- Chronic
