atherosclerosis and affects the heart by obstructing the supply of oxygenated blood,
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by altering myocardial cell metabolism and nutrient uptake.
The progression of plaque build-up in the resistance, lessening the ability for oxygenated blood and nutrients to flow through, and
can lead to myocardial ischemia or infarction.
arteries causes
htn
DM
Which of the following pathophysiological
condition(s) can lead to coronary artery
disease (CAD)? Select all that apply.
Heart failure
Hypertension
Atrial fibrillation
Diabetes mellitus
Gastroenteritis
Pneumonia
A buildup of plaque inside a coronary artery leads to reduced circulation to the heart.
Which of the following statements best
describes the cause of coronary artery
disease (CAD)?
A buildup of plaque inside a coronary artery
leads to reduced circulation to the heart.
Higher than normal blood pressure injures
the inside of the coronary artery, causing
leakage of blood into the heart muscle.
A clot in the coronary circulation blocks
blood movement beyond a specific point.
A heart arrhythmia or disturbance slows the
pumping of the heart, impairing coronary
circulation and reducing oxygenated blood.
deoxygenated blood arrives to the ___ right side of the heart
oxygenated blood is carried to the___ The left side of the heart, flowing through the aorta to the body's organs.
the inner layer of the heart endothelial
How does the endothelial prevent placque maintains a balance between vasoconstriction and vasodilation, preventing platelets
from aggregating and controlling fibrin production.
buildup
inflammatory processes will occur. Macrophages attach, setting up phagocytosis;
what happens when the endothelium layer plaque formation and vasoconstriction occur, marking the beginning of atherosclerosis.
becomes damaged?
a thrombus, or clot, can form, which disrupts normal blood flow. With disease
progression, myeloid cells can destabilize the plaque in the arterial wall and cause its
what happens as plaque accumulates, rupture, triggering a myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.
Thrombus formation
Weakened cardiac muscle
Coronary artery disease (CAD) can lead to Inflammation and plaque accumulation
which of the following pathophysiological Vasoconstriction
conditions? Select all that apply.
Vasoconstriction
Weakened cardiac muscle
Thrombus formation
Inflammation and plaque accumulation
Inadequate ventilation and perfusion
when CAD continues and reaching a 1. chronic stable angina or
significant level ___ occurs 2. acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may occur.
, 1. unstable angina
2.N-stemi
ACS consists of____ 3. STEMI
4.
preload stretching of the cardiac muscle cells before contraction
afterload force against the heart or "load" the heart must pump against
Contractability force against the heart or "load" the heart must pump against
stroke volume volume of blood ejected during systole
multiplying the heart rate (beats per minute) times stroke volume; reported in liters per
cardiac output minute
maintain adequate stroke volume and cardiac output is compromised.
increased resistance and nutrient
deprivation to myocardial cells may affect
the heart's ability to
CO equation CO= HR X SV
types of fat that travel through the bloodstream and include cholesterol and
lipids triglycerides.
When the body's levels of cholesterol and triglycerides are elevated, the amount of
these fats in the blood increases.
hyperlipidemia, contribute to plaque formation and the risk of developing coronary artery disease
(CAD).
1 of 3 risk factors for heart disease HTN, smoking, high cholesterol
chest pressure, pain, or tightness
shortness of breath
heart palpitations
fatigue
epigastric, neck, back, shoulder, or arm pain
indigestion
Clinical manifestations of coronary artery
diaphoresis
disease (CAD)
nausea
lightheadedness or dizziness
electrocardiogram
echocardiogram
serum lipid profile
exercise stress test
chest X-ray
cardiac catheterization
coronary angiogram
coronary artery calcium scan
dx CAD
CBC
trop
clotting factors
bad cholesterol LDL
good cholesterol HDL
narrowing diameter of at least one coronary artery by atherosclerotic plaques, leading
Ischemia occurs due to to partial or complete obstruction of blood flow.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by altering myocardial cell metabolism and nutrient uptake.
The progression of plaque build-up in the resistance, lessening the ability for oxygenated blood and nutrients to flow through, and
can lead to myocardial ischemia or infarction.
arteries causes
htn
DM
Which of the following pathophysiological
condition(s) can lead to coronary artery
disease (CAD)? Select all that apply.
Heart failure
Hypertension
Atrial fibrillation
Diabetes mellitus
Gastroenteritis
Pneumonia
A buildup of plaque inside a coronary artery leads to reduced circulation to the heart.
Which of the following statements best
describes the cause of coronary artery
disease (CAD)?
A buildup of plaque inside a coronary artery
leads to reduced circulation to the heart.
Higher than normal blood pressure injures
the inside of the coronary artery, causing
leakage of blood into the heart muscle.
A clot in the coronary circulation blocks
blood movement beyond a specific point.
A heart arrhythmia or disturbance slows the
pumping of the heart, impairing coronary
circulation and reducing oxygenated blood.
deoxygenated blood arrives to the ___ right side of the heart
oxygenated blood is carried to the___ The left side of the heart, flowing through the aorta to the body's organs.
the inner layer of the heart endothelial
How does the endothelial prevent placque maintains a balance between vasoconstriction and vasodilation, preventing platelets
from aggregating and controlling fibrin production.
buildup
inflammatory processes will occur. Macrophages attach, setting up phagocytosis;
what happens when the endothelium layer plaque formation and vasoconstriction occur, marking the beginning of atherosclerosis.
becomes damaged?
a thrombus, or clot, can form, which disrupts normal blood flow. With disease
progression, myeloid cells can destabilize the plaque in the arterial wall and cause its
what happens as plaque accumulates, rupture, triggering a myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.
Thrombus formation
Weakened cardiac muscle
Coronary artery disease (CAD) can lead to Inflammation and plaque accumulation
which of the following pathophysiological Vasoconstriction
conditions? Select all that apply.
Vasoconstriction
Weakened cardiac muscle
Thrombus formation
Inflammation and plaque accumulation
Inadequate ventilation and perfusion
when CAD continues and reaching a 1. chronic stable angina or
significant level ___ occurs 2. acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may occur.
, 1. unstable angina
2.N-stemi
ACS consists of____ 3. STEMI
4.
preload stretching of the cardiac muscle cells before contraction
afterload force against the heart or "load" the heart must pump against
Contractability force against the heart or "load" the heart must pump against
stroke volume volume of blood ejected during systole
multiplying the heart rate (beats per minute) times stroke volume; reported in liters per
cardiac output minute
maintain adequate stroke volume and cardiac output is compromised.
increased resistance and nutrient
deprivation to myocardial cells may affect
the heart's ability to
CO equation CO= HR X SV
types of fat that travel through the bloodstream and include cholesterol and
lipids triglycerides.
When the body's levels of cholesterol and triglycerides are elevated, the amount of
these fats in the blood increases.
hyperlipidemia, contribute to plaque formation and the risk of developing coronary artery disease
(CAD).
1 of 3 risk factors for heart disease HTN, smoking, high cholesterol
chest pressure, pain, or tightness
shortness of breath
heart palpitations
fatigue
epigastric, neck, back, shoulder, or arm pain
indigestion
Clinical manifestations of coronary artery
diaphoresis
disease (CAD)
nausea
lightheadedness or dizziness
electrocardiogram
echocardiogram
serum lipid profile
exercise stress test
chest X-ray
cardiac catheterization
coronary angiogram
coronary artery calcium scan
dx CAD
CBC
trop
clotting factors
bad cholesterol LDL
good cholesterol HDL
narrowing diameter of at least one coronary artery by atherosclerotic plaques, leading
Ischemia occurs due to to partial or complete obstruction of blood flow.
