NCLEX PN WITH NGN / NGN PN NCLEX EXAM
QUESTION BANK | NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
COMPREHESIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension
about foods that are low in sodium. Which menu
items indicate that the client understands what
has been taught?
a. Spaghetti with fresh tomatoes
b. Boiled lobster, baked potato
c. Grilled chicken with turnip greens
d. Instant hot cereal with bacon
,e. Tomato soup with a ham sandwich - correct
answer-Spaghetti/fresh tomatoes
Grilled chicken, turnip greens
Rationale: Foods that are lower in sodium include
fruits and vegetables, which do not contain
physiologic saline. Fresh poultry and pastas are
also low in sodium. Highly processed and refined
foods such as lunch meats are high in sodium
unless specifically labeled "low sodium". Saltwater
fish and shellfish are higher in sodium.
A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for a client
who has just undergone surgery. Which foods
should the nurse offer? SATA
a. Custard
b. Apple juice
c. Orange juice
d. Chicken broth
e. Orange gelatin
f. Vanilla ice cream - correct answer-Apple Juice,
Chicken Broth, and Orange gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods, such as apple
juice, chicken broth, and gelatin. Which are
relatively transparent. Custard, orange juice, and
vanilla ice cream are components of a full liquid
diet.
,A nurse has provided dietary instructions to a
client with a new diagnosis of gout. Which menu
suggestions by the client indicate the need for
further instruction? SATA
a. Carrots
b. Tapioca
c. Scallops
d. Broccoli
e. Chicken liver - correct answer-Scallops,
Chicken liver
Rationale: Organ meats such as liver, as well as
certain seafoods, including scallops, sardines,
and herring, should be omitted from the diet of a
client with gout due to high purine content. The
foods identified in other options can be consumed
freely by this client.
Triamterene has been prescribed for a client with
history of HTN. Which fruits should the nurse tell
the client are acceptable to eat while on this
medication?
a. Prunes
b. Apples
c. Peaches
d. Avocados
, e. Nectarines
f. Cranberries - correct answer-Apples, Peaches,
Cranberries
Triamterene is a potassium-retaining diuretic, so
the client must omit foods high in potassium.
Fruits that are naturally high in potassium include
prunes, avocados, bananas, fresh oranges, and
mangoes, nectarines, and papayas.
Diverticulitis is diagnosed in a client who has been
experiencing episodes of GI cramping. The nurse
should tell the client to maintain which type of diet,
during the asymptomatic period?
a. Low in fat
b. High in fiber
c. Low in residue
d. High in carbs - correct answer-High-fiber
When a client's diverticulitis is asymptomatic, a
soft high-fiber diet containing fruits, veggies, and
whole grains is recommended. The client is also
instructed to consume a small amount of bran
daily and to take bulk-forming laxatives, if
prescribed, to increase stool mass and softness.
Increasing fluids to 2500-3000 mL daily is also
important.
QUESTION BANK | NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
COMPREHESIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension
about foods that are low in sodium. Which menu
items indicate that the client understands what
has been taught?
a. Spaghetti with fresh tomatoes
b. Boiled lobster, baked potato
c. Grilled chicken with turnip greens
d. Instant hot cereal with bacon
,e. Tomato soup with a ham sandwich - correct
answer-Spaghetti/fresh tomatoes
Grilled chicken, turnip greens
Rationale: Foods that are lower in sodium include
fruits and vegetables, which do not contain
physiologic saline. Fresh poultry and pastas are
also low in sodium. Highly processed and refined
foods such as lunch meats are high in sodium
unless specifically labeled "low sodium". Saltwater
fish and shellfish are higher in sodium.
A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for a client
who has just undergone surgery. Which foods
should the nurse offer? SATA
a. Custard
b. Apple juice
c. Orange juice
d. Chicken broth
e. Orange gelatin
f. Vanilla ice cream - correct answer-Apple Juice,
Chicken Broth, and Orange gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods, such as apple
juice, chicken broth, and gelatin. Which are
relatively transparent. Custard, orange juice, and
vanilla ice cream are components of a full liquid
diet.
,A nurse has provided dietary instructions to a
client with a new diagnosis of gout. Which menu
suggestions by the client indicate the need for
further instruction? SATA
a. Carrots
b. Tapioca
c. Scallops
d. Broccoli
e. Chicken liver - correct answer-Scallops,
Chicken liver
Rationale: Organ meats such as liver, as well as
certain seafoods, including scallops, sardines,
and herring, should be omitted from the diet of a
client with gout due to high purine content. The
foods identified in other options can be consumed
freely by this client.
Triamterene has been prescribed for a client with
history of HTN. Which fruits should the nurse tell
the client are acceptable to eat while on this
medication?
a. Prunes
b. Apples
c. Peaches
d. Avocados
, e. Nectarines
f. Cranberries - correct answer-Apples, Peaches,
Cranberries
Triamterene is a potassium-retaining diuretic, so
the client must omit foods high in potassium.
Fruits that are naturally high in potassium include
prunes, avocados, bananas, fresh oranges, and
mangoes, nectarines, and papayas.
Diverticulitis is diagnosed in a client who has been
experiencing episodes of GI cramping. The nurse
should tell the client to maintain which type of diet,
during the asymptomatic period?
a. Low in fat
b. High in fiber
c. Low in residue
d. High in carbs - correct answer-High-fiber
When a client's diverticulitis is asymptomatic, a
soft high-fiber diet containing fruits, veggies, and
whole grains is recommended. The client is also
instructed to consume a small amount of bran
daily and to take bulk-forming laxatives, if
prescribed, to increase stool mass and softness.
Increasing fluids to 2500-3000 mL daily is also
important.
