Week 4: Mid-term Study guide
ii ii ii ii ii
NUR507-NP questions with complete solution
ii ii ii ii
Pulmonary ii
Review iiconcepts iirelated iito ii
• Anticholinergic iidrugs iio iiAnticholinergic iiagents ii– iiblock
iiacetylcholine iibinding ii
Primarily iiin iilung iibronchodilation iithrough ii( iiDecreased
iiparasympathetic iiresponse) ii
• Tiotropium, iiipratropium ii
• Asthma ii
Is iia iichronic iiinflammatory iidisorder iiof iithe iibronchial iimucosa iithat
iicauses iibronchial iihyperresponsiveness, ii constriction iiof iithe
iiairways, iiand iivariable iiairflow iiobstruction iithat iiis iireversible ii
o chronic iidisease iicharacterized iiby ii
airway iiinflammation ii
bronchial iihyperreactivity iiand iismooth iimuscle iispasm ii
intermittent, iireversible iiairflow iiobstruction ii
o caused iiby
complex iiinteraction iiof iigenetic iiand iienvironmental iifactors
iio iiresulting iiin ii
excess iimucus iiproduction iiand iiaccumulation ii
hypertrophy iiof iibronchial iismooth iimuscle ii
airflow iiobstruction iio iiasthma iican iitake iitwo iiforms ii
extrinsic iiasthma ii ii
• triggered iiby iia iichronic iiallergic iireaction iio ii(mold, iipollen,
iidust iimites, iipet iidander) ii
• Elevated iiIgE iilevel iiis iidiagnostic ii
• More iicommon iiespecially iiin iichildren ii(males: iifemales ii=
ii2:1) ii
Intrinsic iiasthma ii
• Triggered iiby iia iivariety iiof iinon-allergic iifactors iio
ii(chemicals, iiairborne iiirritants, iiinfections- iiviral, iiexercise,
iistress, iianxiety, iiGERD, iiobesity) iio iiNo iiinitial iielevation iiin
iiIgE iilevel ii
o Typically iiseen iiin iiadults ii(<40yrs) ii– iislightly iimore iicommon iiin iifemales ii
o Most iicommon iisymptoms iiof iiextrinsic iiand iiintrinsic iiasthma
Coughing, iiwheezing, iiSOB
Rapid iibreathing, iichest iitightness iio iiTreatment ii
, Week 4: Mid-term Study guide
ii ii ii ii ii
NUR507-NP questions with complete solution
ii ii ii ii
Immediate iiadministration iiof iioxygen iiand iiinhaled iibeta-agonist
iibronchodilators ii
Inhaled iicorticosteroids iishould iibe iiadministered iiearly iiin iithe
iicourse iiof iimanagement. ii
Avoidance iiof iiallergens iiand iiirritants, iicontrol iiof iisymptoms iiand
iiprevention iiof iiexacerbations
Severe iiasthma- iilong-acting iibeta iiagonists iican iibe iiused iito iicontrol
iipersistent iibronchospasm ii o ii Signs iiand iisymptoms ii
Chest iiconstriction, iiexpiratory iiwheezing, iidyspnea, iinonproductive
iicoughing, iiprolonged iiexpiration, iitachycardia, iitachypnea ii
• Bronchitis iiand iiassociated iipathogenesis iio iiA iichronic
iidisease iicharacterized iiby ii
Bronchial iiinflammation ii
Hypersecretion iiof iimucus ii
Chronic iiproductive iicough, iipersisting iifor iiat iileast ii3 iiconsecutive
iimonths iifor iiat iileast ii2 iisuccessive iiyears ii
o iiCaused iiby ii
Long-term iiexposure iito iienvironmental
iiirritants ii
Repeated iiepisodes iiof iiacute iibronchitis
ii(infection) ii
Factors iiaffecting iigestational iior iichildhood
iilung iidevelopment iio iiResulting iiin ii
Excess iimucus iiproduction iiand iiaccumulation ii
Hypertrophy iiof iibronchial iismooth iimuscle ii
Hypertrophy iiand iihyperplasia iiof iibronchial
iimucus ii producing iicells ii
Airflow iiobstruction ii
Decreased iialveolar iiventilation iio iithe iilung
iidamage iifrom iichronic iibronchitis iiis iitypically
iiconsidered iiirreversible iio iimost ii common iisymptoms iiof
iichronic iibronchitis iiare ii
productive, iipurulent iicough ii
copious iisputum iiproduction ii
shortness iiof iibreath ii
wheezing, iirhonchi
cyanosis, iiperipheral iiedema iio iipathogenesis
iiof iichronic iibronchitis ii
ii ii ii ii ii
NUR507-NP questions with complete solution
ii ii ii ii
Pulmonary ii
Review iiconcepts iirelated iito ii
• Anticholinergic iidrugs iio iiAnticholinergic iiagents ii– iiblock
iiacetylcholine iibinding ii
Primarily iiin iilung iibronchodilation iithrough ii( iiDecreased
iiparasympathetic iiresponse) ii
• Tiotropium, iiipratropium ii
• Asthma ii
Is iia iichronic iiinflammatory iidisorder iiof iithe iibronchial iimucosa iithat
iicauses iibronchial iihyperresponsiveness, ii constriction iiof iithe
iiairways, iiand iivariable iiairflow iiobstruction iithat iiis iireversible ii
o chronic iidisease iicharacterized iiby ii
airway iiinflammation ii
bronchial iihyperreactivity iiand iismooth iimuscle iispasm ii
intermittent, iireversible iiairflow iiobstruction ii
o caused iiby
complex iiinteraction iiof iigenetic iiand iienvironmental iifactors
iio iiresulting iiin ii
excess iimucus iiproduction iiand iiaccumulation ii
hypertrophy iiof iibronchial iismooth iimuscle ii
airflow iiobstruction iio iiasthma iican iitake iitwo iiforms ii
extrinsic iiasthma ii ii
• triggered iiby iia iichronic iiallergic iireaction iio ii(mold, iipollen,
iidust iimites, iipet iidander) ii
• Elevated iiIgE iilevel iiis iidiagnostic ii
• More iicommon iiespecially iiin iichildren ii(males: iifemales ii=
ii2:1) ii
Intrinsic iiasthma ii
• Triggered iiby iia iivariety iiof iinon-allergic iifactors iio
ii(chemicals, iiairborne iiirritants, iiinfections- iiviral, iiexercise,
iistress, iianxiety, iiGERD, iiobesity) iio iiNo iiinitial iielevation iiin
iiIgE iilevel ii
o Typically iiseen iiin iiadults ii(<40yrs) ii– iislightly iimore iicommon iiin iifemales ii
o Most iicommon iisymptoms iiof iiextrinsic iiand iiintrinsic iiasthma
Coughing, iiwheezing, iiSOB
Rapid iibreathing, iichest iitightness iio iiTreatment ii
, Week 4: Mid-term Study guide
ii ii ii ii ii
NUR507-NP questions with complete solution
ii ii ii ii
Immediate iiadministration iiof iioxygen iiand iiinhaled iibeta-agonist
iibronchodilators ii
Inhaled iicorticosteroids iishould iibe iiadministered iiearly iiin iithe
iicourse iiof iimanagement. ii
Avoidance iiof iiallergens iiand iiirritants, iicontrol iiof iisymptoms iiand
iiprevention iiof iiexacerbations
Severe iiasthma- iilong-acting iibeta iiagonists iican iibe iiused iito iicontrol
iipersistent iibronchospasm ii o ii Signs iiand iisymptoms ii
Chest iiconstriction, iiexpiratory iiwheezing, iidyspnea, iinonproductive
iicoughing, iiprolonged iiexpiration, iitachycardia, iitachypnea ii
• Bronchitis iiand iiassociated iipathogenesis iio iiA iichronic
iidisease iicharacterized iiby ii
Bronchial iiinflammation ii
Hypersecretion iiof iimucus ii
Chronic iiproductive iicough, iipersisting iifor iiat iileast ii3 iiconsecutive
iimonths iifor iiat iileast ii2 iisuccessive iiyears ii
o iiCaused iiby ii
Long-term iiexposure iito iienvironmental
iiirritants ii
Repeated iiepisodes iiof iiacute iibronchitis
ii(infection) ii
Factors iiaffecting iigestational iior iichildhood
iilung iidevelopment iio iiResulting iiin ii
Excess iimucus iiproduction iiand iiaccumulation ii
Hypertrophy iiof iibronchial iismooth iimuscle ii
Hypertrophy iiand iihyperplasia iiof iibronchial
iimucus ii producing iicells ii
Airflow iiobstruction ii
Decreased iialveolar iiventilation iio iithe iilung
iidamage iifrom iichronic iibronchitis iiis iitypically
iiconsidered iiirreversible iio iimost ii common iisymptoms iiof
iichronic iibronchitis iiare ii
productive, iipurulent iicough ii
copious iisputum iiproduction ii
shortness iiof iibreath ii
wheezing, iirhonchi
cyanosis, iiperipheral iiedema iio iipathogenesis
iiof iichronic iibronchitis ii
