BIOS 252 Written Exam Review questions with
| | | | | |
correct answers
| |
Discriminate |between |paracrine, |autocrine, |endocrine, |and |exocrine? |- |ANSWER-- |Paracrine |glands:
|relating |to |a |hormone |or |to |a |secretion |released |by |(endocrine) |cells |into |the |adjacent |cells |or
|surrounding |tissue |rather |than |into |the |bloodstream.
- |Autocrine |hormones |act |on |the |same |cells |that |produce |them
- |Endocrine |glands |secrete |hormones |into |the |bloodstream |(pituitary, |pineal, |thyroid)
- |Exocrine |glands |secrete |substances |through |a |duct |or |opening |to |a |body |surface |(Sweat, |salivary,
|mammary)
Choose |1 |endocrine |gland |and |describe |the |hormones |it |secretes; |including |the |functions |of |each
|hormone |and |how |the |endocrine |gland |is |regulated. |- |ANSWER-Thyroid |gland:
- |Secretes: |Triiodothyronine |(T3), |Thyroxine |(T4), |and |calcitonin
- |Functions: |regulate |the |speed |with |which |the |cells/metabolism |work |(heart |rate), |calcitonin
|regulates |levels |of |calcium |and |phosphate |in |the |blood
- |The |thyroid |gland |is |regulated |by |thyrotropin |releasing |hormone |(TRH) |and |thyroid |stimulating
|hormone |(TSH)
Where |are |the |receptor |cells |for |hearing? |- |ANSWER-Cochlea
Area |of |the |eye |where |vessel's |enter |and |leave? |- |ANSWER-Optic |Nerve
Frontal |Lobe |- |ANSWER-The |lobe |at |the |front |of |the |brain |associated |with |movement, |speech, |and
|impulsive |behavior.
Temporal |Lobe |- |ANSWER-A |region |of |the |cerebral |cortex |responsible |for |hearing |and |language.
Parietal |Lobe |- |ANSWER-A |region |of |the |cerebral |cortex |whose |functions |include |processing
|information |about |touch.
, Occipital |Lobe |- |ANSWER-A |region |of |the |cerebral |cortex |that |processes |visual |information
How |do |lens |focus |light |onto |the |retina? |- |ANSWER-It |changes |shape |(flat |or |semi-circular)
Thyroid |glands |secrete |- |ANSWER-Triiodothyronine |(T3), |Thyroxine |(T4), |and |calcitonin
Adrenal |glands |secrete |- |ANSWER-Epinephrine, |norepinephrine, |cortisol, |estrogen*, |aldosterone, |and
|androgen*, |glucocorticoids, |and |mineral |corticoids
What |is |it |called |when |you |get |used |to |someone's |strong |perfume? |- |ANSWER-Adaptation
Hormones |that |directly |affect |DNA |within |the |nucleus |of |a |cell? |- |ANSWER-Steroidal |based
Target |tissues |of |growth |hormone |- |ANSWER-liver, |adipose |tissue, |muscle |tissue, |bone |and |cartilage
Classes |of |photoreceptors |found |in |the |eye |- |ANSWER-Short-wavelength |cones |(blue), |medium-
wavelength |cones |(green), |long-wavelength |cones |(red) |and |rods.
What |glands |are |endocrine |glands? |- |ANSWER-hypothalamus, |pituitary, |thyroid, |thymus, |parathyroids,
|adrenals, |pancreas, |pineal |body, |the |ovaries, |and |the |testes.
Receptors |in |the |body |- |ANSWER-nociceptors, |mechanoreceptors, |thermoreceptors, |chemoreceptors,
|photoreceptors, |and |propriorecetors
Mechanoreceptors |- |ANSWER-Respond |to |touch, |pressure, |vibration, |and |stretch
Chemoreceptors |- |ANSWER-Chemical |sensors |in |the |brain |and |blood |vessels |that |identify |changing
|levels |of |oxygen |and |carbon |dioxide
| | | | | |
correct answers
| |
Discriminate |between |paracrine, |autocrine, |endocrine, |and |exocrine? |- |ANSWER-- |Paracrine |glands:
|relating |to |a |hormone |or |to |a |secretion |released |by |(endocrine) |cells |into |the |adjacent |cells |or
|surrounding |tissue |rather |than |into |the |bloodstream.
- |Autocrine |hormones |act |on |the |same |cells |that |produce |them
- |Endocrine |glands |secrete |hormones |into |the |bloodstream |(pituitary, |pineal, |thyroid)
- |Exocrine |glands |secrete |substances |through |a |duct |or |opening |to |a |body |surface |(Sweat, |salivary,
|mammary)
Choose |1 |endocrine |gland |and |describe |the |hormones |it |secretes; |including |the |functions |of |each
|hormone |and |how |the |endocrine |gland |is |regulated. |- |ANSWER-Thyroid |gland:
- |Secretes: |Triiodothyronine |(T3), |Thyroxine |(T4), |and |calcitonin
- |Functions: |regulate |the |speed |with |which |the |cells/metabolism |work |(heart |rate), |calcitonin
|regulates |levels |of |calcium |and |phosphate |in |the |blood
- |The |thyroid |gland |is |regulated |by |thyrotropin |releasing |hormone |(TRH) |and |thyroid |stimulating
|hormone |(TSH)
Where |are |the |receptor |cells |for |hearing? |- |ANSWER-Cochlea
Area |of |the |eye |where |vessel's |enter |and |leave? |- |ANSWER-Optic |Nerve
Frontal |Lobe |- |ANSWER-The |lobe |at |the |front |of |the |brain |associated |with |movement, |speech, |and
|impulsive |behavior.
Temporal |Lobe |- |ANSWER-A |region |of |the |cerebral |cortex |responsible |for |hearing |and |language.
Parietal |Lobe |- |ANSWER-A |region |of |the |cerebral |cortex |whose |functions |include |processing
|information |about |touch.
, Occipital |Lobe |- |ANSWER-A |region |of |the |cerebral |cortex |that |processes |visual |information
How |do |lens |focus |light |onto |the |retina? |- |ANSWER-It |changes |shape |(flat |or |semi-circular)
Thyroid |glands |secrete |- |ANSWER-Triiodothyronine |(T3), |Thyroxine |(T4), |and |calcitonin
Adrenal |glands |secrete |- |ANSWER-Epinephrine, |norepinephrine, |cortisol, |estrogen*, |aldosterone, |and
|androgen*, |glucocorticoids, |and |mineral |corticoids
What |is |it |called |when |you |get |used |to |someone's |strong |perfume? |- |ANSWER-Adaptation
Hormones |that |directly |affect |DNA |within |the |nucleus |of |a |cell? |- |ANSWER-Steroidal |based
Target |tissues |of |growth |hormone |- |ANSWER-liver, |adipose |tissue, |muscle |tissue, |bone |and |cartilage
Classes |of |photoreceptors |found |in |the |eye |- |ANSWER-Short-wavelength |cones |(blue), |medium-
wavelength |cones |(green), |long-wavelength |cones |(red) |and |rods.
What |glands |are |endocrine |glands? |- |ANSWER-hypothalamus, |pituitary, |thyroid, |thymus, |parathyroids,
|adrenals, |pancreas, |pineal |body, |the |ovaries, |and |the |testes.
Receptors |in |the |body |- |ANSWER-nociceptors, |mechanoreceptors, |thermoreceptors, |chemoreceptors,
|photoreceptors, |and |propriorecetors
Mechanoreceptors |- |ANSWER-Respond |to |touch, |pressure, |vibration, |and |stretch
Chemoreceptors |- |ANSWER-Chemical |sensors |in |the |brain |and |blood |vessels |that |identify |changing
|levels |of |oxygen |and |carbon |dioxide
