Public Health 200 Exam 1Advanced Test Questions And Verified Answers Guaranteed Pass.

According to the article by Kindig and Stoddard, which of the following is considered to be a component of the definition of 'Population Health'? - correct answer -assessment of health outcomes in a pop -assessment of determinants of health outcomes in a pop -policies that influence determinants of health outcomes in a pop Winslow's definition of public health - correct answer the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals What is public health? - correct answer the set of activities a society undertakes to monitor and improve the health of its collective membership 3 features of public health - correct answer 1. focus on preventing disease and injury 2. "patient" is entire community, not individuals 3. "provider" is society, not individual professionals Public health vs medicine - correct answer health care: an individual provider gives treatment services to an individual patient Ex: going to get a cavity filled public health: government or state works to prevent people from getting sick Ex: government puts fluoride in tap water to prevent cavities public health focuses on populations, whereas medicine focuses on individuals Increased life expectancy in the US during the 20th century - correct answer +5 years: medical care system +25 years: public health systems -sanitation -housing -nutrition -job safety Compare US expenditures on public health and medical care - correct answer medical care: 3.5 trillion public health: 50 million why? 1. economic interests cater to services for individuals, not the public good 2. special interest groups impacting policy 3. "rule of rescue"- current trauma first before abstract future benefits 4. lack of appreciation for relative risks (cars vs airplanes) 5. "invisibility" of public health -makes it difficult to sell public health policies to legislatures and people -don't see public health when it works (measles/mumps/polio vaccines) -success is translated into invisibility Why is public health a "tough sell" - correct answer the benefits are deferred and the costs are immediate Ex: Health promotion: exercise program - benefits: abstract, deferred, if you exercise regularly throughout life you have a better chance of avoiding a heart attack later in life - costs: tangible, immediate, needs to be done today Disease promotion -benefits: tangible, immediate (eating a piece of cake) -costs: abstract, deferred (clogging cake by eating one piece of chocolate cake?) Mission of public health - correct answer "fulfilling society's interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy" Requires: -generate organized community effort -address public interests in health -apply scientific and technical knowledge to prevent disease and promote health 3 core functions of public health - correct answer 1. assess population health 2. development of public health policies 3. assure availability of needed services Asses pop health - correct answer -data collection -statistical and epidemiological analysis -dissemination of findings to ph professionals and the public Develop public health policies - correct answer -scientific knowledge base -appreciation and use of political process Assure availability of needed services - correct answer goal: to ensure people have needed services, not necessarily to apply those services directly -encourage appropriate action by public and private entities (hospitals accepting people in emergencies even without insurance) -require actions through law or regulation -provide direct service 5 core features of ph - correct answer 1. epidemiology 2. biostatistics 3. environment health sciences 4. health behavior and health education 5. health management and policy Epidemiology - correct answer concerned with analyzing and describing patterns of occurrence and determinants of diseases in human populations fundamental core science of the field of ph a part of the assessment part of public health Biostatistics - correct answer focuses on the development and application of statistical and mathematical methods to the design and analysis of ph problems and biomedical research Environmental health sciences - correct answer protects human health from adverse environmental conditions like harmful practices and exposures in air, water, and food in the workplace, home, and ambient environment Health management and policy - correct answer focuses on improving access to, financing of, and delivery of high quality health services, and to develop and implement cost-effective public health policies Disease prevention - correct answer the anticipatory action taken to reduce the possibility of an event or condition occurring or developing, or to minimize the damage that may result from the event or condition if it does occur 3 levels of prevention - correct answer Primary: individuals who are free of symptoms, but could be susceptible to a disease that could be avoided Secondary: an individual with symptoms, but asymptomatic, can prevent or reduce the severity of health consequences Tertiary: individual is symptomatic, need to be treated, treatment is intended to reduce complications or disability -generally medical treatment Prevention of motor vehicle injuries - correct answer primary prevention: building divided highways secondary prevention: require safer cars (airbags) or driving practices -may well avoid a serious injury if a car crash happens tertiary: EMS, when somebody is injured seriously Prevention of high blood pressure - correct answer primary: dietary education and exercise secondary: blood pressure control medications tertiary: treatment of disease that occurs as a result o