1
ATI PN Pediatric Proctored Exam
2025 – 150 Verified Questions &
Rationalized Answers | Full Test Bank |
Pass with Confidence
Unit 1: Perspectives and Social Considerations in Pediatric Nursing
1. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a school-age child with
glomerulonephritis about dietary modifications. Which instruction should the nurse
include?
a) Increase calcium intake
b) Decrease sodium intake
c) Increase carbohydrate intake
d) Decrease fat intake
Answer: b) Decrease sodium intake
Rationale: Glomerulonephritis causes fluid retention and hypertension; a low-sodium
diet helps reduce fluid overload and blood pressure [web:2].
2. A nurse is caring for a toddler with a suspected diagnosis of autism spectrum
disorder. Which behavior should the nurse expect?
a) Frequent eye contact
b) Repetitive hand movements
c) Advanced verbal skills
d) Cooperative play with peers
Answer: b) Repetitive hand movements
Rationale: Repetitive behaviors, such as hand flapping, are characteristic of autism
spectrum disorder in toddlers.
3. A nurse is teaching the parents of a preschooler about age-appropriate discipline.
Which strategy should the nurse recommend?
a) Use physical punishment for non-compliance
b) Implement time-outs for misbehavior
c) Ignore all negative behaviors
d) Offer rewards for all behaviors
Answer: b) Implement time-outs for misbehavior
Rationale: Time-outs are an effective, non-violent discipline strategy for preschoolers,
promoting self-regulation.
4. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which
developmental milestone should the nurse expect?
, 2
a) Walking independently
b) Sitting without support
c) Using complete sentences
d) Drinking from a cup
Answer: b) Sitting without support
Rationale: By 6 months, infants typically sit without support, a key gross motor
milestone.
5. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child with a new
diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement indicates understanding?
a) We will give insulin only when blood sugar is high
b) We will monitor blood glucose levels regularly
c) We will avoid all carbohydrate intake
d) We will stop insulin if the child feels well
Answer: b) We will monitor blood glucose levels regularly
Rationale: Regular blood glucose monitoring is essential for managing type 1 diabetes
and adjusting insulin therapy.
6. A nurse is caring for a child whose parent reports cultural beliefs against
vaccinations. Which response is appropriate?
a) You must vaccinate to prevent serious diseases
b) Can you share your concerns about vaccinations?
c) Vaccinations are required by law
d) Your beliefs are incorrect
Answer: b) Can you share your concerns about vaccinations?
Rationale: Open-ended questions respect cultural beliefs and facilitate therapeutic
communication.
7. A nurse is planning care for a school-age child with a new diagnosis of asthma.
Which intervention promotes adherence to the treatment plan?
a) Limit physical activity permanently
b) Teach the child how to use a peak flow meter
c) Administer corticosteroids daily regardless of symptoms
d) Avoid discussing triggers with the child
Answer: b) Teach the child how to use a peak flow meter
Rationale: Teaching peak flow meter use empowers the child to monitor asthma and
adhere to treatment.
8. A nurse is caring for an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. Which finding requires
immediate intervention?
a) Heart rate of 40 bpm
b) Weight loss of 5 pounds
c) Refusal to eat breakfast
d) Dry skin
Answer: a) Heart rate of 40 bpm
Rationale: Bradycardia (heart rate <60 bpm) in anorexia nervosa indicates severe
malnutrition and requires urgent intervention.
, 3
9. A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant about car seat safety. Which instruction
should the nurse include?
a) Place the car seat in the front passenger seat
b) Use a forward-facing car seat for infants
c) Keep the infant rear-facing until at least 2 years old
d) Remove the harness straps for comfort
Answer: c) Keep the infant rear-facing until at least 2 years old
Rationale: Rear-facing car seats are recommended until age 2 for optimal safety.
10. A nurse is assessing a preschooler’s growth and development. Which finding
indicates a developmental delay?
a) Speaking in two-word phrases
b) Running and climbing with ease
c) Engaging in parallel play
d) Drawing a circle
Answer: a) Speaking in two-word phrases
Rationale: By preschool age (3–5 years), children should use full sentences, not just two-
word phrases, indicating a potential speech delay.
Unit 2: Care of Children with Body System Disorders
11. A nurse is caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Which action is the
nurse’s priority?
a) Monitor daily weights
b) Administer antibiotics
c) Encourage high-sodium foods
d) Restrict fluid intake completely
Answer: a) Monitor daily weights
Rationale: Daily weights monitor fluid retention, a key concern in glomerulonephritis
due to decreased renal filtration [web:22].
12. A nurse is caring for a toddler with a suspected Wilms’ tumor. Which action is the
nurse’s priority?
a) Palpate the abdomen to assess the mass
b) Instruct the parent to avoid pressing on the abdomen
c) Prepare the child for immediate surgery
d) Administer pain medication
Answer: b) Instruct the parent to avoid pressing on the abdomen
Rationale: Palpating a Wilms’ tumor can cause rupture or metastasis; parents should be
instructed to avoid abdominal pressure [web:22].
13. A nurse is assessing a child with bacterial meningitis. Which finding is the nurse’s
priority?
a) Fever of 101°F
, 4
b) Nuchal rigidity
c) Decreased level of consciousness
d) Headache
Answer: c) Decreased level of consciousness
Rationale: A decreased level of consciousness indicates increased intracranial pressure, a
life-threatening complication of meningitis [web:22].
14. A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. Which intervention should the
nurse include in the plan of care?
a) Restrict dietary fat intake
b) Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals
c) Limit chest physiotherapy
d) Encourage low-sodium foods
Answer: b) Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes aid digestion in cystic fibrosis due to pancreatic
insufficiency.
15. A nurse is caring for an infant with congenital heart disease. Which finding requires
immediate action?
a) Oxygen saturation of 85%
b) Heart rate of 140 bpm
c) Mild cyanosis of the lips
d) Weight gain of 1 ounce daily
Answer: a) Oxygen saturation of 85%
Rationale: Oxygen saturation below 90% indicates severe hypoxia, requiring immediate
intervention [web:18].
16. A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with sickle cell anemia about home care.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
a) Restrict fluid intake
b) Encourage hydration
c) Administer aspirin for pain
d) Keep the child in a warm environment
Answer: b) Encourage hydration
Rationale: Hydration prevents vaso-occlusive crises by reducing blood viscosity in sickle
cell anemia.
17. A nurse is caring for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky.
Which action should the nurse take first?
a) Administer insulin
b) Check blood glucose level
c) Offer a high-protein snack
d) Notify the provider
Answer: b) Check blood glucose level
Rationale: Shakiness suggests hypoglycemia; checking blood glucose confirms the cause
and guides treatment.
ATI PN Pediatric Proctored Exam
2025 – 150 Verified Questions &
Rationalized Answers | Full Test Bank |
Pass with Confidence
Unit 1: Perspectives and Social Considerations in Pediatric Nursing
1. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a school-age child with
glomerulonephritis about dietary modifications. Which instruction should the nurse
include?
a) Increase calcium intake
b) Decrease sodium intake
c) Increase carbohydrate intake
d) Decrease fat intake
Answer: b) Decrease sodium intake
Rationale: Glomerulonephritis causes fluid retention and hypertension; a low-sodium
diet helps reduce fluid overload and blood pressure [web:2].
2. A nurse is caring for a toddler with a suspected diagnosis of autism spectrum
disorder. Which behavior should the nurse expect?
a) Frequent eye contact
b) Repetitive hand movements
c) Advanced verbal skills
d) Cooperative play with peers
Answer: b) Repetitive hand movements
Rationale: Repetitive behaviors, such as hand flapping, are characteristic of autism
spectrum disorder in toddlers.
3. A nurse is teaching the parents of a preschooler about age-appropriate discipline.
Which strategy should the nurse recommend?
a) Use physical punishment for non-compliance
b) Implement time-outs for misbehavior
c) Ignore all negative behaviors
d) Offer rewards for all behaviors
Answer: b) Implement time-outs for misbehavior
Rationale: Time-outs are an effective, non-violent discipline strategy for preschoolers,
promoting self-regulation.
4. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which
developmental milestone should the nurse expect?
, 2
a) Walking independently
b) Sitting without support
c) Using complete sentences
d) Drinking from a cup
Answer: b) Sitting without support
Rationale: By 6 months, infants typically sit without support, a key gross motor
milestone.
5. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child with a new
diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement indicates understanding?
a) We will give insulin only when blood sugar is high
b) We will monitor blood glucose levels regularly
c) We will avoid all carbohydrate intake
d) We will stop insulin if the child feels well
Answer: b) We will monitor blood glucose levels regularly
Rationale: Regular blood glucose monitoring is essential for managing type 1 diabetes
and adjusting insulin therapy.
6. A nurse is caring for a child whose parent reports cultural beliefs against
vaccinations. Which response is appropriate?
a) You must vaccinate to prevent serious diseases
b) Can you share your concerns about vaccinations?
c) Vaccinations are required by law
d) Your beliefs are incorrect
Answer: b) Can you share your concerns about vaccinations?
Rationale: Open-ended questions respect cultural beliefs and facilitate therapeutic
communication.
7. A nurse is planning care for a school-age child with a new diagnosis of asthma.
Which intervention promotes adherence to the treatment plan?
a) Limit physical activity permanently
b) Teach the child how to use a peak flow meter
c) Administer corticosteroids daily regardless of symptoms
d) Avoid discussing triggers with the child
Answer: b) Teach the child how to use a peak flow meter
Rationale: Teaching peak flow meter use empowers the child to monitor asthma and
adhere to treatment.
8. A nurse is caring for an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. Which finding requires
immediate intervention?
a) Heart rate of 40 bpm
b) Weight loss of 5 pounds
c) Refusal to eat breakfast
d) Dry skin
Answer: a) Heart rate of 40 bpm
Rationale: Bradycardia (heart rate <60 bpm) in anorexia nervosa indicates severe
malnutrition and requires urgent intervention.
, 3
9. A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant about car seat safety. Which instruction
should the nurse include?
a) Place the car seat in the front passenger seat
b) Use a forward-facing car seat for infants
c) Keep the infant rear-facing until at least 2 years old
d) Remove the harness straps for comfort
Answer: c) Keep the infant rear-facing until at least 2 years old
Rationale: Rear-facing car seats are recommended until age 2 for optimal safety.
10. A nurse is assessing a preschooler’s growth and development. Which finding
indicates a developmental delay?
a) Speaking in two-word phrases
b) Running and climbing with ease
c) Engaging in parallel play
d) Drawing a circle
Answer: a) Speaking in two-word phrases
Rationale: By preschool age (3–5 years), children should use full sentences, not just two-
word phrases, indicating a potential speech delay.
Unit 2: Care of Children with Body System Disorders
11. A nurse is caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Which action is the
nurse’s priority?
a) Monitor daily weights
b) Administer antibiotics
c) Encourage high-sodium foods
d) Restrict fluid intake completely
Answer: a) Monitor daily weights
Rationale: Daily weights monitor fluid retention, a key concern in glomerulonephritis
due to decreased renal filtration [web:22].
12. A nurse is caring for a toddler with a suspected Wilms’ tumor. Which action is the
nurse’s priority?
a) Palpate the abdomen to assess the mass
b) Instruct the parent to avoid pressing on the abdomen
c) Prepare the child for immediate surgery
d) Administer pain medication
Answer: b) Instruct the parent to avoid pressing on the abdomen
Rationale: Palpating a Wilms’ tumor can cause rupture or metastasis; parents should be
instructed to avoid abdominal pressure [web:22].
13. A nurse is assessing a child with bacterial meningitis. Which finding is the nurse’s
priority?
a) Fever of 101°F
, 4
b) Nuchal rigidity
c) Decreased level of consciousness
d) Headache
Answer: c) Decreased level of consciousness
Rationale: A decreased level of consciousness indicates increased intracranial pressure, a
life-threatening complication of meningitis [web:22].
14. A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. Which intervention should the
nurse include in the plan of care?
a) Restrict dietary fat intake
b) Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals
c) Limit chest physiotherapy
d) Encourage low-sodium foods
Answer: b) Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes aid digestion in cystic fibrosis due to pancreatic
insufficiency.
15. A nurse is caring for an infant with congenital heart disease. Which finding requires
immediate action?
a) Oxygen saturation of 85%
b) Heart rate of 140 bpm
c) Mild cyanosis of the lips
d) Weight gain of 1 ounce daily
Answer: a) Oxygen saturation of 85%
Rationale: Oxygen saturation below 90% indicates severe hypoxia, requiring immediate
intervention [web:18].
16. A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with sickle cell anemia about home care.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
a) Restrict fluid intake
b) Encourage hydration
c) Administer aspirin for pain
d) Keep the child in a warm environment
Answer: b) Encourage hydration
Rationale: Hydration prevents vaso-occlusive crises by reducing blood viscosity in sickle
cell anemia.
17. A nurse is caring for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky.
Which action should the nurse take first?
a) Administer insulin
b) Check blood glucose level
c) Offer a high-protein snack
d) Notify the provider
Answer: b) Check blood glucose level
Rationale: Shakiness suggests hypoglycemia; checking blood glucose confirms the cause
and guides treatment.
