Micro Exam 2 Portage Learning Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Micro Exam 2 Portage Learning Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What type of microorganism has peptidoglycan in its cell wall? Bacteria What is the function of the bacterial capsule? Prevents phagocytosis What part of a bacterial cell is responsible for protein synthesis? Ribosomes What bacterial structure helps the cell attach to surfaces? Fimbriae What structure allows bacteria to move? Flagella 2 What is the name of the waxy substance in the cell wall of Mycobacterium? Mycolic acid What type of staining is used to identify acid-fast bacteria? Ziehl-Neelsen stain What kind of cell wall does a Gram-positive bacterium have? Thick peptidoglycan layer What color does a Gram-positive bacterium appear after staining? Purple What color does a Gram-negative bacterium appear after staining? Pink What part of the Gram-negative cell wall can act as an endotoxin? Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 3 What is the purpose of iodine in a Gram stain? Mordant to fix the dye What is the counterstain used in the Gram staining process? Safranin What type of microscopy is needed to view viruses? Electron microscopy What part of a virus protects its genetic material? Capsid What viral structure helps it bind to host cells? Spike proteins What is the genetic material of most viruses? RNA or DNA 4 What is the complete infectious viral particle called? Virion What is the process by which a virus exits the host cell by bursting it open? Lysis What cycle involves viral DNA integrating into the host genome? Lysogenic cycle What bacterial process transfers DNA using a pilus? Conjugation What bacterial process transfers DNA via viruses? Transduction What structure do bacteria form to survive harsh environments? Endospores 5 What is the name of the enzyme used by some bacteria to break down hydrogen peroxide? Catalase What is a common growth medium used for culturing