,Name: Class: Date:
Ch01 - Crime, Criminal Justice, and Scientific Inquiry
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. We live in a world of two realities: empirical and agreement.
a. True
b. False
2. Casual human inquiry is a more rigorous way of investigation than probability and causality.
a. True
b. False
3. The keystone of inquiry is observation.
a. True
b. False
4. We can understand something by knowing the why before the what.
a. True
b. False
5. Selective observation is a danger of overgeneralization.
a. True
b. False
6. The tendency to overgeneralize is probably greatest when there is an absence of pressure to reach a judgement.
a. True
b. False
7. Inquiry is hindered when we depend on the authority of experts who are speaking outside their realm of expertise.
a. True
b. False
8. The four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application.
a. True
b. False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
9. The National Criminal Justice Reference Service was established in 1972 to
a. sort computer readouts and news reports on crime trends.
b. share applied research on law enforcement and general justice problems.
c. archive and distribute research reports to criminal justice professionals.
d. solely provide grant opportunities.
10. The role of the Bureau of Justice Statistics is to
a. collect and disseminate criminal justice statistics, including information about crime and victims of crime.
b. sort computer readouts and news reports on crime trends.
c. share applied research on law enforcement and general justice problems.
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,Name: Class: Date:
Ch01 - Crime, Criminal Justice, and Scientific Inquiry
d. solely provide grant opportunities.
11. We live in a world of two realities known as
a. expressed and assumed.
b. experiential and agreement.
c. expressed and agreement.
d. experiential and assumed.
12. Things we know from direct experience are a direct result of which type of reality?
a. Agreement
b. Expressed
c. Assumed
d. Experiential
13. Things we consider real because we’ve been told they are real is an example of
a. agreement reality.
b. expressed reality.
c. assumed reality.
d. experiential reality.
14. A research project concerning law enforcement that produces an alternative view of a practice represents
a. known reality.
b. expressed reality.
c. empirical reality.
d. experiential reality.
15. Traditional beliefs about patrol effectiveness, response time, and detective work are examples of
a. known reality.
b. agreement reality.
c. experiential reality.
d. assumed reality.
16. Scientists must have two types of support before they will agree on something they haven’t personally experienced.
These types are
a. epistemological and methodological.
b. logical and hard facts.
c. logical and empirical.
d. hard facts and complete data.
17. What is the science of knowing?
a. Methodology
b. Entomology
c. Modality
d. Epistemology
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, Name: Class: Date:
Ch01 - Crime, Criminal Justice, and Scientific Inquiry
18. What method is known as the science of finding out?
a. Epistemology
b. Methodology
c. Observations
d. Data gathering
19. Which two questions does human inquiry attempt to answer?
a. Where and when
b. Who and why
c. How and when
d. What and why
20. Prediction can be made better by observation and remembering regular
a. assumptions.
b. patterns.
c. educated guesses.
d. past experiences.
21. Acceptance of knowledge that others give us is known as
a. authority.
b. tradition.
c. agreement reality.
d. understanding.
22. When we rely on the “truths” of our culture, we are accepting knowledge derived from the majority, and this is called
acceptance of
a. traditions.
b. myths.
c. reality.
d. agreement.
23. As we learn about the world around us, we use personal inquiry and direct experience. However, what other sources of
knowledge do we rely on?
a. Tradition and authority
b. Exploration and description
c. Surveys and observations
d. Aggregate data and survey data
24. When we trust the judgments of people who have received special training, such as a doctor or a lawyer, we are
accepting their
a. wisdom.
b. expertise.
c. authority.
d. word.
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Ch01 - Crime, Criminal Justice, and Scientific Inquiry
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. We live in a world of two realities: empirical and agreement.
a. True
b. False
2. Casual human inquiry is a more rigorous way of investigation than probability and causality.
a. True
b. False
3. The keystone of inquiry is observation.
a. True
b. False
4. We can understand something by knowing the why before the what.
a. True
b. False
5. Selective observation is a danger of overgeneralization.
a. True
b. False
6. The tendency to overgeneralize is probably greatest when there is an absence of pressure to reach a judgement.
a. True
b. False
7. Inquiry is hindered when we depend on the authority of experts who are speaking outside their realm of expertise.
a. True
b. False
8. The four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application.
a. True
b. False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
9. The National Criminal Justice Reference Service was established in 1972 to
a. sort computer readouts and news reports on crime trends.
b. share applied research on law enforcement and general justice problems.
c. archive and distribute research reports to criminal justice professionals.
d. solely provide grant opportunities.
10. The role of the Bureau of Justice Statistics is to
a. collect and disseminate criminal justice statistics, including information about crime and victims of crime.
b. sort computer readouts and news reports on crime trends.
c. share applied research on law enforcement and general justice problems.
Powered by Cognero Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Ch01 - Crime, Criminal Justice, and Scientific Inquiry
d. solely provide grant opportunities.
11. We live in a world of two realities known as
a. expressed and assumed.
b. experiential and agreement.
c. expressed and agreement.
d. experiential and assumed.
12. Things we know from direct experience are a direct result of which type of reality?
a. Agreement
b. Expressed
c. Assumed
d. Experiential
13. Things we consider real because we’ve been told they are real is an example of
a. agreement reality.
b. expressed reality.
c. assumed reality.
d. experiential reality.
14. A research project concerning law enforcement that produces an alternative view of a practice represents
a. known reality.
b. expressed reality.
c. empirical reality.
d. experiential reality.
15. Traditional beliefs about patrol effectiveness, response time, and detective work are examples of
a. known reality.
b. agreement reality.
c. experiential reality.
d. assumed reality.
16. Scientists must have two types of support before they will agree on something they haven’t personally experienced.
These types are
a. epistemological and methodological.
b. logical and hard facts.
c. logical and empirical.
d. hard facts and complete data.
17. What is the science of knowing?
a. Methodology
b. Entomology
c. Modality
d. Epistemology
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, Name: Class: Date:
Ch01 - Crime, Criminal Justice, and Scientific Inquiry
18. What method is known as the science of finding out?
a. Epistemology
b. Methodology
c. Observations
d. Data gathering
19. Which two questions does human inquiry attempt to answer?
a. Where and when
b. Who and why
c. How and when
d. What and why
20. Prediction can be made better by observation and remembering regular
a. assumptions.
b. patterns.
c. educated guesses.
d. past experiences.
21. Acceptance of knowledge that others give us is known as
a. authority.
b. tradition.
c. agreement reality.
d. understanding.
22. When we rely on the “truths” of our culture, we are accepting knowledge derived from the majority, and this is called
acceptance of
a. traditions.
b. myths.
c. reality.
d. agreement.
23. As we learn about the world around us, we use personal inquiry and direct experience. However, what other sources of
knowledge do we rely on?
a. Tradition and authority
b. Exploration and description
c. Surveys and observations
d. Aggregate data and survey data
24. When we trust the judgments of people who have received special training, such as a doctor or a lawyer, we are
accepting their
a. wisdom.
b. expertise.
c. authority.
d. word.
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