Bio 181 Exam 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
ATP - CORRECT ANSWERS (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most
of their work
Cancer - CORRECT ANSWERS any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and
uncontrolled cell division
Cell - CORRECT ANSWERS (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
Cell theory - CORRECT ANSWERS (biology) the theory that cells form the fundamental structural
and functional units of all living organisms
Cell wall - CORRECT ANSWERS a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWERS an organelle found in plant and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs
Cilia - CORRECT ANSWERS The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a
wavelike manner
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWERS a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are
suspended
, Cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS network of proteins in the cytoplasm that help cell maintain
its shape
Cytosol - CORRECT ANSWERS the semifluid portion of the cytoplasm
DNA - CORRECT ANSWERS deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information
that determines inherited characteristics
Electron microscope - CORRECT ANSWERS instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of
light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times actual size; allows scientists to view structures within a
cell
Endomembrane system - CORRECT ANSWERS The collection of membranes inside and around a
eukaryotic cell
Endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWERS internal transport system of the cell, modifies
proteins, and synthesizes lipids
Eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWERS A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Extracellular matrix - CORRECT ANSWERS The substance in which animal tissue cells are
embedded, consisting of protein and polysaccharides.
Flagella - CORRECT ANSWERS whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWERS stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and
packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
ATP - CORRECT ANSWERS (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most
of their work
Cancer - CORRECT ANSWERS any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and
uncontrolled cell division
Cell - CORRECT ANSWERS (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
Cell theory - CORRECT ANSWERS (biology) the theory that cells form the fundamental structural
and functional units of all living organisms
Cell wall - CORRECT ANSWERS a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWERS an organelle found in plant and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs
Cilia - CORRECT ANSWERS The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a
wavelike manner
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWERS a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are
suspended
, Cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS network of proteins in the cytoplasm that help cell maintain
its shape
Cytosol - CORRECT ANSWERS the semifluid portion of the cytoplasm
DNA - CORRECT ANSWERS deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information
that determines inherited characteristics
Electron microscope - CORRECT ANSWERS instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of
light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times actual size; allows scientists to view structures within a
cell
Endomembrane system - CORRECT ANSWERS The collection of membranes inside and around a
eukaryotic cell
Endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWERS internal transport system of the cell, modifies
proteins, and synthesizes lipids
Eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWERS A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Extracellular matrix - CORRECT ANSWERS The substance in which animal tissue cells are
embedded, consisting of protein and polysaccharides.
Flagella - CORRECT ANSWERS whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWERS stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and
packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
