NSG 6604 Final Exam with Questions
and Correct Answers 2025
Philosophy ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--Science ,comprising ,logic, ,ethics,
,metaphysics ,& ,epistemology.
-concerned ,with ,judgements ,about ,components ,of ,science. ,
-statement ,of ,beliefs ,and ,values, ,what ,people ,assume ,to ,be ,true ,in ,what ,they
,believe. ,not ,empirically ,based, ,opinion ,based, ,public ,affirmation ,in ,discipline. ,
-"this ,we ,believe" ,nsg ,statements
-prevailing ,philosophy ,of ,discipline ,is ,the ,most ,widely ,accepted ,one.
Science ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--to ,know ,(KING), ,body ,of ,knowledge. ,
-observation, ,identification, ,description, ,experimental ,investigation ,and
,theoretical ,explanation ,of ,natural ,phenomena. ,
-Nsg ,______ ,is ,the ,knowledge ,connected ,to ,the ,discipline ,+ ,the ,process ,&
,methods ,used ,to ,gain ,the ,knowledge. ,
-goal- ,identify ,truths/facts ,about ,discipline ,subject ,matter; ,who, ,what, ,where,
,when ,& ,how ,of ,phenomena.
Knowledge ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--what ,can ,be ,structured ,and ,represented ,to
,others ,out ,of ,the ,process ,of ,knowing ,(Kramer).
-factual, ,awareness ,or ,perception ,of ,reality ,acquired ,through ,learning ,or
,investigation. ,
-Suggests ,that ,science ,is ,composed ,of ,what ,are ,known ,about ,discipline ,subject
,matter ,(known ,vs ,believed). ,
-Feigl ,(1953) ,replicable ,by ,using ,appropriate ,scientific ,methodologies ,w/in ,a
,discipline; ,replication ,= ,components ,of ,phenomena ,provide ,observable ,&
,measurable ,knowledge. ,
-empirical- ,can ,be ,experienced ,through ,human ,senses.
Phenomena ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--Comprise ,the ,subject ,matter ,of ,a ,discipline
,(grief, ,caring, ,etc) ,
-A ,thing, ,fact, ,situation, ,or ,event ,of ,scientific ,interest ,susceptible ,to ,scientific
,description ,and ,explanation
Fact ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--Something ,known ,with ,certainty
Theory ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--A ,set ,of ,two ,or ,more ,concepts, ,definitions, ,and
,propositions ,that ,project ,a ,systematic ,view ,of ,phenomena ,by ,designing
, ,specific ,interrelationships ,among ,concepts ,for ,purposes ,of ,describing,
,explaining, ,and ,predicting ,(Chinn ,& ,Jacob, ,1987; ,Fawcett, ,2000)
• ,Generally, ,applicable ,in ,clinical ,practice ,• ,Facts ,need ,to ,be ,ordered ,in ,a
,cohesive ,body ,that ,will ,result ,in ,an ,organized ,body ,of ,knowledge. ,• ,Provide ,a
,description, ,prediction, ,understanding, ,and ,explanation ,of ,phenomena ,(Kim) ,•
,_____ ,allows ,one ,to ,explain ,past ,events, ,provide ,a ,sense ,of ,understanding
,about ,current ,events, ,predict ,future ,events ,and ,provide ,the ,potential ,for
,controlling ,them ,• ,Nursing ,intervention ,is ,served ,through ,the ,ability ,to ,predict
,and ,ultimately ,to ,control ,phenomena ,associated ,with ,health ,and ,health ,care ,• ,A
,degree ,of ,uncertainty ,is ,inherent ,in ,______; ,the ,concepts ,may ,be ,tentative ,and
,the ,propositions ,may ,be ,predictions ,of ,what ,reality ,is ,believed ,to ,be ,like,
,rather ,than ,a ,set ,of ,known, ,undeniable ,facts ,(Hoover, ,1988) ,• ,The ,functions ,of
,_____ ,include ,summarization ,of ,knowledge, ,explanation ,of ,phenomena ,of
,interest ,to ,the ,discipline ,employing ,the ,_____, ,and ,provision ,of ,to ,guide,
,predict ,and ,ultimately ,to ,control ,phenomena ,(Mehlberg, ,1962) ,• ,T_____ ,are
,composed ,of ,assertions ,that ,state ,specific ,relationships ,between ,two ,or ,more
,concepts
How ,does ,theory ,contribute ,to ,the ,scientific ,base ,of ,a ,discipline? ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER--conceptual ,models ,and ,theories ,PRESENT ,DIFFERENT ,VIEWS ,OF
,PHENOMENON. ,
-link ,results ,of ,research ,together ,leading ,to ,cumulative ,scientific ,knowledge. ,
-provide ,frameworks ,by ,which ,to ,study ,concepts ,& ,variables. ,
-provide ,frameworks ,that ,allow ,interpretation ,of ,research ,findings ,beyond
,specific ,data.
Model ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-• ,An ,idea ,that ,explains ,by ,using ,symbolic ,and
,physical ,visualization ,• ,Symbolic ,models ,may ,be ,verbal, ,schematic, ,or
,quantitative ,• ,Verbal ,models ,are ,worded ,statements ,• ,Schematic ,models ,may
,be ,diagrams, ,drawings, ,graphs ,or ,pictures ,• ,Quantitative ,models ,are
,mathematical ,symbols ,• ,Physical ,models ,may ,look ,like ,what ,they ,are ,supposed
,to ,represent; ,For ,example, ,body ,organs ,may ,become ,more ,abstract ,while ,still
,keeping ,some ,of ,the ,physical ,properties, ,like ,ECG ,tracings ,• ,Models ,can ,be
,used ,"to ,facilitate ,thinking ,about ,concepts ,and ,relationships ,between ,them
,(Bush, ,1979) ,or ,to ,map ,out ,the ,research ,process ,(Chinn ,& ,Jacob, ,1989)
Conceptual ,Model ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--ABSTRACT ,AND ,GENERAL
,ideas(concepts) ,& ,propositions ,that ,specify ,relationships. ,
-Integrate ,those ,concepts ,into ,a ,meaningful ,configuration ,(Fawcett).
Paradigm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Science, ,philosophy ,and ,theory ,are ,all
,components ,of ,the ,domain ,of ,any ,scientific ,discipline; ,used ,to ,denote ,the
,prevailing ,network ,of ,science, ,philosophy ,and ,theory ,accepted ,by ,a ,discipline
,• ,What ,members ,of ,the ,community ,have ,in ,common; ,Includes: ,knowledge,
,philosophy, ,theory, ,educational ,experience, ,practice ,orientation, ,research
and Correct Answers 2025
Philosophy ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--Science ,comprising ,logic, ,ethics,
,metaphysics ,& ,epistemology.
-concerned ,with ,judgements ,about ,components ,of ,science. ,
-statement ,of ,beliefs ,and ,values, ,what ,people ,assume ,to ,be ,true ,in ,what ,they
,believe. ,not ,empirically ,based, ,opinion ,based, ,public ,affirmation ,in ,discipline. ,
-"this ,we ,believe" ,nsg ,statements
-prevailing ,philosophy ,of ,discipline ,is ,the ,most ,widely ,accepted ,one.
Science ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--to ,know ,(KING), ,body ,of ,knowledge. ,
-observation, ,identification, ,description, ,experimental ,investigation ,and
,theoretical ,explanation ,of ,natural ,phenomena. ,
-Nsg ,______ ,is ,the ,knowledge ,connected ,to ,the ,discipline ,+ ,the ,process ,&
,methods ,used ,to ,gain ,the ,knowledge. ,
-goal- ,identify ,truths/facts ,about ,discipline ,subject ,matter; ,who, ,what, ,where,
,when ,& ,how ,of ,phenomena.
Knowledge ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--what ,can ,be ,structured ,and ,represented ,to
,others ,out ,of ,the ,process ,of ,knowing ,(Kramer).
-factual, ,awareness ,or ,perception ,of ,reality ,acquired ,through ,learning ,or
,investigation. ,
-Suggests ,that ,science ,is ,composed ,of ,what ,are ,known ,about ,discipline ,subject
,matter ,(known ,vs ,believed). ,
-Feigl ,(1953) ,replicable ,by ,using ,appropriate ,scientific ,methodologies ,w/in ,a
,discipline; ,replication ,= ,components ,of ,phenomena ,provide ,observable ,&
,measurable ,knowledge. ,
-empirical- ,can ,be ,experienced ,through ,human ,senses.
Phenomena ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--Comprise ,the ,subject ,matter ,of ,a ,discipline
,(grief, ,caring, ,etc) ,
-A ,thing, ,fact, ,situation, ,or ,event ,of ,scientific ,interest ,susceptible ,to ,scientific
,description ,and ,explanation
Fact ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--Something ,known ,with ,certainty
Theory ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--A ,set ,of ,two ,or ,more ,concepts, ,definitions, ,and
,propositions ,that ,project ,a ,systematic ,view ,of ,phenomena ,by ,designing
, ,specific ,interrelationships ,among ,concepts ,for ,purposes ,of ,describing,
,explaining, ,and ,predicting ,(Chinn ,& ,Jacob, ,1987; ,Fawcett, ,2000)
• ,Generally, ,applicable ,in ,clinical ,practice ,• ,Facts ,need ,to ,be ,ordered ,in ,a
,cohesive ,body ,that ,will ,result ,in ,an ,organized ,body ,of ,knowledge. ,• ,Provide ,a
,description, ,prediction, ,understanding, ,and ,explanation ,of ,phenomena ,(Kim) ,•
,_____ ,allows ,one ,to ,explain ,past ,events, ,provide ,a ,sense ,of ,understanding
,about ,current ,events, ,predict ,future ,events ,and ,provide ,the ,potential ,for
,controlling ,them ,• ,Nursing ,intervention ,is ,served ,through ,the ,ability ,to ,predict
,and ,ultimately ,to ,control ,phenomena ,associated ,with ,health ,and ,health ,care ,• ,A
,degree ,of ,uncertainty ,is ,inherent ,in ,______; ,the ,concepts ,may ,be ,tentative ,and
,the ,propositions ,may ,be ,predictions ,of ,what ,reality ,is ,believed ,to ,be ,like,
,rather ,than ,a ,set ,of ,known, ,undeniable ,facts ,(Hoover, ,1988) ,• ,The ,functions ,of
,_____ ,include ,summarization ,of ,knowledge, ,explanation ,of ,phenomena ,of
,interest ,to ,the ,discipline ,employing ,the ,_____, ,and ,provision ,of ,to ,guide,
,predict ,and ,ultimately ,to ,control ,phenomena ,(Mehlberg, ,1962) ,• ,T_____ ,are
,composed ,of ,assertions ,that ,state ,specific ,relationships ,between ,two ,or ,more
,concepts
How ,does ,theory ,contribute ,to ,the ,scientific ,base ,of ,a ,discipline? ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER--conceptual ,models ,and ,theories ,PRESENT ,DIFFERENT ,VIEWS ,OF
,PHENOMENON. ,
-link ,results ,of ,research ,together ,leading ,to ,cumulative ,scientific ,knowledge. ,
-provide ,frameworks ,by ,which ,to ,study ,concepts ,& ,variables. ,
-provide ,frameworks ,that ,allow ,interpretation ,of ,research ,findings ,beyond
,specific ,data.
Model ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-• ,An ,idea ,that ,explains ,by ,using ,symbolic ,and
,physical ,visualization ,• ,Symbolic ,models ,may ,be ,verbal, ,schematic, ,or
,quantitative ,• ,Verbal ,models ,are ,worded ,statements ,• ,Schematic ,models ,may
,be ,diagrams, ,drawings, ,graphs ,or ,pictures ,• ,Quantitative ,models ,are
,mathematical ,symbols ,• ,Physical ,models ,may ,look ,like ,what ,they ,are ,supposed
,to ,represent; ,For ,example, ,body ,organs ,may ,become ,more ,abstract ,while ,still
,keeping ,some ,of ,the ,physical ,properties, ,like ,ECG ,tracings ,• ,Models ,can ,be
,used ,"to ,facilitate ,thinking ,about ,concepts ,and ,relationships ,between ,them
,(Bush, ,1979) ,or ,to ,map ,out ,the ,research ,process ,(Chinn ,& ,Jacob, ,1989)
Conceptual ,Model ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--ABSTRACT ,AND ,GENERAL
,ideas(concepts) ,& ,propositions ,that ,specify ,relationships. ,
-Integrate ,those ,concepts ,into ,a ,meaningful ,configuration ,(Fawcett).
Paradigm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Science, ,philosophy ,and ,theory ,are ,all
,components ,of ,the ,domain ,of ,any ,scientific ,discipline; ,used ,to ,denote ,the
,prevailing ,network ,of ,science, ,philosophy ,and ,theory ,accepted ,by ,a ,discipline
,• ,What ,members ,of ,the ,community ,have ,in ,common; ,Includes: ,knowledge,
,philosophy, ,theory, ,educational ,experience, ,practice ,orientation, ,research
