(100% Correct Answers)
A02 on a METAR
Ans: Automated Observation with precipitation discrimination sensor
FAs
Ans: Area Forecast
3 times daily
valid for 18 hours
covers an area the size of several states
visibility in SM clouds in MSL
what is the tropopause?
Ans: boundary between troposphere and stratosphere
temperature and wind vary greatly in this region, potential wind shear and turbuence
what is the jet stream where is it in the winter?
Ans: narrow bands of strong wind in the upper levels of the atmosphere
winds blow from west to east
flow shifts to the north and south
follow boundaries between hot and cold air
earth's rotation is responsible
winter - closer to the equator and lower altitude
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,Part 135 alternate requirements
FAR 135.223
Ans: +/- 1 hour of ETA
ceiling at least 1500' above lowest circling approach MDA
if no circling approach, then ceiling at least 1500' able lowest published minimum or 2000'
above airport elevation, whichever is greater
Visibility at least 3SM or 2 miles greater than lowest applicable visibility minimums expected
approach at destination airport, whichever is greater
Alternate airport requirements same as Part 121
When do you need a destination alternate? 121
FAR 121.619
Ans: Alternate is always required unless
from +/- 1 hour of ETA ceiling is >2000' above airport elevation and visibility is >3SM
any "chance of" "occasional" "intermittent" "tempo" or "possibility" of wx falling below
these minimums means an alternate must be filed
How would you pick an alternate airport?
FAR 121.617-121.625 135.221-225
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, Ans: alternate must have wx reporting capability
check approach plate for shaded triangle "A"
check if "NA" and the "for filing as an alternate" box
at ETA, wx must be greater than:
airports with 1 navaid providing 1 straight in precision non precision or circling approach: add
400' to MDA or DA, add 1SM to the CAT 1 landing minimum visibility
For airports with 2 different navaid each providing a straight in precision or non precision to
at least 2 different runways, with no wind, one runway can count as two, using different
ends of the same strip
-Add 200' to the higher of MDA or DA of the two approaches used.
-Add 1/2 SM to the highest CAT1 landing minimum visibility of the two approaches used.
In short, add 400-1 with 1 navaid; 200-1/2 with 2 naiads and 2 runways
A second alternate is required if the wx for the destination airport and first filed alternate
are forecast to be marginal (ceiling 100' of mins and visibility within 1/2 SM of mins)
How much fuel are you required to carry? IFR, domestic carriers
FAR 121.639-121.647
Ans: enough to reach the first airport of intended landing, shoot an approach, and go on to
the most distant alternate airport and fly after that for 45 minutes at normal cruise
Exception 3538
what is it? when is it used?
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