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for
LegalResearch,Analysis,andWriting
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SixthEdition j
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Joanne B. Hames hj hj
De Anza College
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Yvonne Ekern hj
Santa Clara University LawSchool
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Boston h j Columbus Indianapolis h j h j New York hj h j San Francisco hj
Amsterdam h j Cape Town
hj h j Dubai h j London h j Madrid h j Milan h j Munich h j Paris h j Montreal
h j Toronto Delhi hj h j Mexico City hj h j Sao Paulo hj h j Sydney h j Hong Kong hj h j Seoul h j Singapore
h j Taipei h j Tokyo
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, ISBN-13: 978-0-13-455984-1 h j
ISBN-10: 0-13-455984-3
Table of Contents hj hj
To the Instructor
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Syllabi ix
Chapter1: Introduction to Legal Research, Writingand Analysis
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Chapter2: The StartingPoint: Analyzing Facts and Identifying Legal Issues
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Chapter3: Finding and Analyzing Case Law
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Chapter4: How to Read and Summarizea Case Law Decision
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Chapter5: Constitutions, Statutes, and Administrative Regulations
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Chapter6: Statutoryand Constitutional Analysis
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Chapter 7: SecondarySources
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Chapter8: Digests
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Chapter9: Validating Your Research: Using Shepards, Keycite and other Citators
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Chapter10: Introduction to Lexis Advance, Westlaw, &Bloomberg Law
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Chapter11: Computer-Assisted LegalResearch (CALR): TheFreelyAccessible Internet 81
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Chapter12: Basic Legal WritingTools
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Chapter13: The Memorandum of Law: Predictive Legal Writing
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Chapter 14: Writing to the Court: Persuasive Writing
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Chapter15: Motion Practice: Research and Writing Issues
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Chapter16: Legal Correspondence
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Testbank 123
2
, To the Instructor hj hj
The Sixth Edition of Legal Research, Analysis, and Writing
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When we first wrote Legal Research, Analysis, and Writing, we were convinced that students needed a
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text that integrated research, analysis, and writing skills. We remain convinced of that; therefore, our
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basic approach to the subject matter has not changed. However, legal research materials and the methods
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of doing legal research have changed considerablyover the past several years. The availabilityof legal
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resources through the Internet has tremendous influence on the way research is conducted. No longer are
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researchers confined to a law library. The widespread use of all forms of computer assisted legal research
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requires that legal researchers develop new skills.
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However, the law has not abandoned the written word and, as any experienced researcher knows, books hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
are often preferred. The new skills that researchers must develop, therefore, cannot supplant traditional
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research skills, but must complement them. As a result, most chapters now contain a section
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incorporating the availability of legal research materials on the free Internet. We continue to have a
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chapter introducing Westtlaw, Lexis Advance, and Bloomberg Law, as well as an overview chapter on
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Internet research. We have also refined the use of sample pages from print resources. Sincelegal
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writingcontinues to be a source of concern, we haveadded a sectionto each chapter providng a short
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writing exercise with suggested sample answers found in an Appendix to the text.
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PracticalApproach hj
This text assists theinstructor in presenting material in a practical and relevant way. Each
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chapter opens with a short memorandum From the Desk of W. J.
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Bryan, Esq., that contains a hypothetical factual situation to be researched and
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analyzed by a fictional research associate. The memorandum approach helps to
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introduce the topic of the chapter and to engage the student’s imagination. Each
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chapter contains figures with sample pages from print resources, screen shots from
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online sources, or examples of legal writingso asto illustrate text material.
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One feature at the end of the chapter, Can You Figure It Out?, requires students to answer
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questions related tothese figures. Furthermore, because learning todo legal research
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requires hands-on experience, at the end of each chapter are research, analysis, citation,
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and writing exercises. Research assignments can be performed
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in a library or, in many cases, online. (Answers to most of these exercises are found in
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an Instructor’s Manual.) So that students can build confidence prior to using a library
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or online resource, exercises are found in a chapter end feature, Test Yourself.
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Answers to selected research problems are foundin Appendix Gto the text.
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Each chapter also addresses important writing issues in end-of-chapter features.
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Test Yourself also contains asection entitled“Write It Right.” Here
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students find a writing assignment preceded byanexplanation andexample. Suggested answers to
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the writing assignment are generally provided in Appendix G.
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Thisfeature covers avariety of legal writing issues.
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All chapters also include a Chapter Summary, Terms to Remember, Citation
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Matters, and Questions for Review, as well as a Case Project. This section allows
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students and instructors to select one hypothetical case (many
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, of which are found in Appendices A and B) and to perform some research, analysis, or
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writingproject in chapters. In this way, students see how thematerial covered in the
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different chapters is integrated. Questions and problems for
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group work,either in classor online through the use ofdiscussion boards, have been
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added.
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Features
A variety of features helps students and instructors.
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• Legal vocabulary is identified in boldface type. The key terms are defined in hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
themargins of thetext where the terms appear. A comprehensive Glossary is
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also included at the end of the book.
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• Skill Objectives arelisted at the beginningofeach chapter, helping
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students recognize the main points of the chapter.
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• Finding It Onlineoffers students the opportunity toexplore online legal hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
research resources.
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• Citation Matters, afeature that appears in each chapter, isa brief overview of hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
major citation rules affecting legal writing.
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• The Writer’s Corner, afeature in each chapter,focuses onanimportant legal
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writing issue.
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• Aspreviously stated, aninteroffice memorandum called Fromthe Desk of
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W. J. Bryan, Esq., opens the text of each chapter. This memorandum serves
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as an introduction to the subject matter, encouraging the student to think about
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the subject matter in a practical setting.
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• Research checklists are found inseveral chapters, providingaquick, hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
easy-to-read summary of the material found in the text.
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• Sample pages from an assortment of law books are included in the research hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
chapters. Practical exercises, found in the section Can You Figure It Out? at
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the end of the chapters, give students the opportunity to practice research skills
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before going to the library.
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• Examplesofactual research memoranda appear inappropriate chapters. hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
• AChapter Summary isincluded in every chapter; it providesa short
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overview of the major concepts covered in the chapter.
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• BasicQuestionsfor Review follow the chaptersummary.These questions are hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
designed to focus the student on the most important concepts
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presented in the chapter. hj hj hj
• Assignments, Activities, and Exercises are included at the end of each hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
chapter.Thesefeaturesinclude libraryresearch problems, analysis exercises, and
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writing assignments.
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• Citation Exercises are included at the endof each chapter. hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
• QuestionsFrom theWriter’s Corner located at theendof thechapter hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
reinforce the material covered in the chapter.
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• Most chaptersinclude afeature called APoint to Remember.This practical
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information is fashioned to help students focus on the skills and concepts
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that will help themin doinglegal research, writing, and analysis.
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• Test Yourself, including Write It Right, allows students to test their own
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research and writing skills byprovidinganswers to thequestions in Appendix
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G.
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• Appendix B includes several research problems that may be used as a hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
basis for assignments for all chapters, givingstudents theopportunityto
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