INSTRUCTOR’S SOLUTIONS #JH
MANUAL
#JH
DIRK TEMPELAAR
#JH
Masstricht University
#jh
BUSINESS STATISTICS # J H
THIRD EDITION # J H
Robert A. Donnelly
#jh #jh
SCHOLARVAULT
, Table of Contents
#jh #jh
Chapter # j h 1: # j h An # j h Introduction # j h to # j h Business # j h Statistics ........................................................... 1-1
Chapter # j h 2: # j h Displaying # j h Descriptive # j h Statistics ........................................................................ 2-1
Chapter # j h 3: # j h Calculating # j h Descriptive # j h Statistics....................................................................... 3-1
Chapter # j h 4: # j h Introduction # j h to # j h Probabilities................................................................................. 4-1
Chapter # j h 5: # j h Discrete # j h Probability # j h Distributions ....................................................................... 5-1
Chapter # j h 6: # j h Continuous # j h Probability # j h Distributions ................................................................. 6-1
Chapter # j h 7: # j h Sampling # j h and # j h Sampling # j h Distributions .............................................................. 7-1
Chapter # j h 8: # j h Confidence # j h Intervals ............................................................................................... 8-1
Chapter # j h 9: # j h Hypothesis #jh Testing # j h for # j h a # j h Single # j h Population ................................................ 9-1
Chapter # j h 10: # j h Hypothesis # j h Tests # j h Comparing # j h Two # j h Populations ........................................ 10-1
Chapter # j h 11: # j h Analysis # j h of # j h Variance # j h (ANOVA) # j h Procedures............................................. 11-1
Chapter # j h 12: # j h Chi-Square # j h Tests ................................................................................................. 12-1
Chapter # j h 13: # j h Hypothesis # j h Tests # j h for # j h the # j h Population # j h Variance ........................................ 13-1
Chapter # j h 14: # j h Correlation # j h and # j h Simple # j h Linear # j h Regression................................................. 14-1
Chapter # j h 15: # j h Multiple # j h Regression # j h and # j h Model # j h Building .................................................. 15-1
Chapter # j h 16: # j h Forecasting............................................................................................................... 16-1
Chapter # j h 17: # j h Decision # j h Analysis ............................................................................................... 17-1
Chapter # j h 18: # j h Nonparametric # j h Statistics .....................................................................................18-1
SCHOLARVAULT
, CHAPTER 1
An Introduction to Business Statistics
1.1 Quantitative/Interval. The differences between average monthly temperatures are
meaningful, but there is no true zero point, i.e., absence of temperature.
1.2 Quantitative/Ratio. The differences between average monthly rainfalls are meaningful, and
there is a true zero point, because there may be a month without any rainfalls.
1.3 Qualitative/Ordinal. You can rank education level, but the differences between different
educational levels cannot be measured.
1.4 Qualitative/Nominal. The marital status is just a label without a meaningful difference, or
ranking.
1.5 Quantitative/Ratio. The differences between ages of respondents are meaningful and there
is a true zero point: an age of the respondents that equals zero represents the absence of age.
1.6 Qualitative/Nominal. The genders are merely labels with no ranking or meaningful
difference.
1.7 Quantitative/Interval. The differences between birth years are meaningful, but there is no true
zero point with calendar years.
1.8 Qualitative/ Nominal. The political affiliations are merely labels with no ranking or
meaningful difference.
1.9 Qualitative/ Nominal. The races of the respondents are merely labels with no ranking or
meaningful difference.
1.10 Qualitative/ Ordinal. You can rank the performance rating, but the differences between
different performance ratings cannot be measured.
1.11 Qualitative/ Nominal. The uniform numbers of each member of the school’s sport team are
labels with no ranking or meaningful difference.
1.12 Qualitative/ordinal. The differences in the data values between class ranks are not
meaningful.
SCHOLARVAULT
, 1-2 # j h Chapter #jh1
1.13 Quantitative/Ratio. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhbetween #jhfinal #jhexam #jhscores #jhfor #jhyour #jhstatistics #jhclass
are #jhmeaningful, #jhand #jhthere #jhis #jha #jhtrue #jhzero #jhpoint #jhbecause #jha #jhstudent #jhwho #jhdid #jhnot
#jhtake #jhthe #jhexam #jh would #jh have #jh a #jh score #jh of #jh zero.
1.14 Qualitative/Nominal. #jhThe #jhstate #jhin #jhwhich #jhthe #jhrespondents #jhin #jha #jhsurvey #jhreside #jhis #jha
#jh label #jhand #jhit #jh is #jh meaningless #jh to #jh talk #jh about #jh the #jh rating #jh of #jhthis #jh value.
1.15 Quantitative/Interval. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhbetween #jhSAT #jhscores #jhfor #jhgraduating #jhhigh
#jh school #jh students #jhare #jhmeaningful, #jhbut #jhthere #jhis #jhno #jhtrue #jhzero #jhpoint #jhbecause #jha #jhstudent
#jhwith #jhan #jhSAT #jh score #jh equal #jh to #jh zero #jh does #jh not #jh indicate #jh the #jh absence #jh of #jha #jh score.
1.16 Qualitative/Ordinal. #jhYou #jhcan #jhrank #jhmovie #jhratings, #jhbut #jhthe #jhdifferences
#jhbetween #jh different #jh ratings #jh cannot #jh be #jh measured.
1.17 Qualitative/ordinal. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhin #jhthe #jhdata #jhvalues #jhbetween #jhratings #jhare #jhnot #jhmeaningful.
1.18 Qualitative/ordinal. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhin #jhthe #jhdata #jhvalues #jhbetween #jhratings #jhare #jhnot #jhmeaningful.
1.19 Cross-sectional
1.20 Time #jhseries
1.21 Time #jhseries: #jh Men #jh weekly #jhearnings #jhover #jhthe #jhfive
#jh years. #jh Time #jhseries: #jhWomen #jhweekly #jhearnings #jhover
#jhthe #jhfive #jhyears.
1.22 Cross-sectional #jhdata: #jhMen #jhand #jhwomen #jhworkers #jhweekly #jhearnings #jhfor #jhany #jhone #jhparticular #jhyear.
1.23 Cross-sectional: #jhThe #jhnumber #jhof #jh8x10, #jh11x14 #jhand #jh13x19 #jhprints #jhsold #jhover #jha #jhparticular #jhyear.
1.24 Time #jhseries: #jhthe #jhnumber #jhof #jh8x10 #jhprints #jhsold #jhover #jhthe
#jh four #jh years. #jh Time #jhseries: #jhthe #jhnumber #jhof #jh11x14 #jhprints #jhsold
#jhover #jhthe #jhfour #jhyears. #jh Time #jhseries: #jhthe #jhnumber #jhof #jh13x19
#jhprints #jhsold #jhover #jhthe #jhfour #jhyears.
1.25 Descriptive #jhstatistics, #jhbecause #jhit #jhidentifies #jha #jhsample #jhmean.
1.26 Inferential #jhstatistics, #jhbecause #jhthe #jhstatements #jhabout #jhcomparing #jhthe #jhaverage #jhcosts #jhof
#jha #jhhotel #jh room #jh in #jh two #jhstates #jh was #jh based #jh on #jhresults #jh from #jh samples #jhtaken #jh from
#jh two #jh populations.
SCHOLARVAULT
MANUAL
#JH
DIRK TEMPELAAR
#JH
Masstricht University
#jh
BUSINESS STATISTICS # J H
THIRD EDITION # J H
Robert A. Donnelly
#jh #jh
SCHOLARVAULT
, Table of Contents
#jh #jh
Chapter # j h 1: # j h An # j h Introduction # j h to # j h Business # j h Statistics ........................................................... 1-1
Chapter # j h 2: # j h Displaying # j h Descriptive # j h Statistics ........................................................................ 2-1
Chapter # j h 3: # j h Calculating # j h Descriptive # j h Statistics....................................................................... 3-1
Chapter # j h 4: # j h Introduction # j h to # j h Probabilities................................................................................. 4-1
Chapter # j h 5: # j h Discrete # j h Probability # j h Distributions ....................................................................... 5-1
Chapter # j h 6: # j h Continuous # j h Probability # j h Distributions ................................................................. 6-1
Chapter # j h 7: # j h Sampling # j h and # j h Sampling # j h Distributions .............................................................. 7-1
Chapter # j h 8: # j h Confidence # j h Intervals ............................................................................................... 8-1
Chapter # j h 9: # j h Hypothesis #jh Testing # j h for # j h a # j h Single # j h Population ................................................ 9-1
Chapter # j h 10: # j h Hypothesis # j h Tests # j h Comparing # j h Two # j h Populations ........................................ 10-1
Chapter # j h 11: # j h Analysis # j h of # j h Variance # j h (ANOVA) # j h Procedures............................................. 11-1
Chapter # j h 12: # j h Chi-Square # j h Tests ................................................................................................. 12-1
Chapter # j h 13: # j h Hypothesis # j h Tests # j h for # j h the # j h Population # j h Variance ........................................ 13-1
Chapter # j h 14: # j h Correlation # j h and # j h Simple # j h Linear # j h Regression................................................. 14-1
Chapter # j h 15: # j h Multiple # j h Regression # j h and # j h Model # j h Building .................................................. 15-1
Chapter # j h 16: # j h Forecasting............................................................................................................... 16-1
Chapter # j h 17: # j h Decision # j h Analysis ............................................................................................... 17-1
Chapter # j h 18: # j h Nonparametric # j h Statistics .....................................................................................18-1
SCHOLARVAULT
, CHAPTER 1
An Introduction to Business Statistics
1.1 Quantitative/Interval. The differences between average monthly temperatures are
meaningful, but there is no true zero point, i.e., absence of temperature.
1.2 Quantitative/Ratio. The differences between average monthly rainfalls are meaningful, and
there is a true zero point, because there may be a month without any rainfalls.
1.3 Qualitative/Ordinal. You can rank education level, but the differences between different
educational levels cannot be measured.
1.4 Qualitative/Nominal. The marital status is just a label without a meaningful difference, or
ranking.
1.5 Quantitative/Ratio. The differences between ages of respondents are meaningful and there
is a true zero point: an age of the respondents that equals zero represents the absence of age.
1.6 Qualitative/Nominal. The genders are merely labels with no ranking or meaningful
difference.
1.7 Quantitative/Interval. The differences between birth years are meaningful, but there is no true
zero point with calendar years.
1.8 Qualitative/ Nominal. The political affiliations are merely labels with no ranking or
meaningful difference.
1.9 Qualitative/ Nominal. The races of the respondents are merely labels with no ranking or
meaningful difference.
1.10 Qualitative/ Ordinal. You can rank the performance rating, but the differences between
different performance ratings cannot be measured.
1.11 Qualitative/ Nominal. The uniform numbers of each member of the school’s sport team are
labels with no ranking or meaningful difference.
1.12 Qualitative/ordinal. The differences in the data values between class ranks are not
meaningful.
SCHOLARVAULT
, 1-2 # j h Chapter #jh1
1.13 Quantitative/Ratio. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhbetween #jhfinal #jhexam #jhscores #jhfor #jhyour #jhstatistics #jhclass
are #jhmeaningful, #jhand #jhthere #jhis #jha #jhtrue #jhzero #jhpoint #jhbecause #jha #jhstudent #jhwho #jhdid #jhnot
#jhtake #jhthe #jhexam #jh would #jh have #jh a #jh score #jh of #jh zero.
1.14 Qualitative/Nominal. #jhThe #jhstate #jhin #jhwhich #jhthe #jhrespondents #jhin #jha #jhsurvey #jhreside #jhis #jha
#jh label #jhand #jhit #jh is #jh meaningless #jh to #jh talk #jh about #jh the #jh rating #jh of #jhthis #jh value.
1.15 Quantitative/Interval. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhbetween #jhSAT #jhscores #jhfor #jhgraduating #jhhigh
#jh school #jh students #jhare #jhmeaningful, #jhbut #jhthere #jhis #jhno #jhtrue #jhzero #jhpoint #jhbecause #jha #jhstudent
#jhwith #jhan #jhSAT #jh score #jh equal #jh to #jh zero #jh does #jh not #jh indicate #jh the #jh absence #jh of #jha #jh score.
1.16 Qualitative/Ordinal. #jhYou #jhcan #jhrank #jhmovie #jhratings, #jhbut #jhthe #jhdifferences
#jhbetween #jh different #jh ratings #jh cannot #jh be #jh measured.
1.17 Qualitative/ordinal. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhin #jhthe #jhdata #jhvalues #jhbetween #jhratings #jhare #jhnot #jhmeaningful.
1.18 Qualitative/ordinal. #jhThe #jhdifferences #jhin #jhthe #jhdata #jhvalues #jhbetween #jhratings #jhare #jhnot #jhmeaningful.
1.19 Cross-sectional
1.20 Time #jhseries
1.21 Time #jhseries: #jh Men #jh weekly #jhearnings #jhover #jhthe #jhfive
#jh years. #jh Time #jhseries: #jhWomen #jhweekly #jhearnings #jhover
#jhthe #jhfive #jhyears.
1.22 Cross-sectional #jhdata: #jhMen #jhand #jhwomen #jhworkers #jhweekly #jhearnings #jhfor #jhany #jhone #jhparticular #jhyear.
1.23 Cross-sectional: #jhThe #jhnumber #jhof #jh8x10, #jh11x14 #jhand #jh13x19 #jhprints #jhsold #jhover #jha #jhparticular #jhyear.
1.24 Time #jhseries: #jhthe #jhnumber #jhof #jh8x10 #jhprints #jhsold #jhover #jhthe
#jh four #jh years. #jh Time #jhseries: #jhthe #jhnumber #jhof #jh11x14 #jhprints #jhsold
#jhover #jhthe #jhfour #jhyears. #jh Time #jhseries: #jhthe #jhnumber #jhof #jh13x19
#jhprints #jhsold #jhover #jhthe #jhfour #jhyears.
1.25 Descriptive #jhstatistics, #jhbecause #jhit #jhidentifies #jha #jhsample #jhmean.
1.26 Inferential #jhstatistics, #jhbecause #jhthe #jhstatements #jhabout #jhcomparing #jhthe #jhaverage #jhcosts #jhof
#jha #jhhotel #jh room #jh in #jh two #jhstates #jh was #jh based #jh on #jhresults #jh from #jh samples #jhtaken #jh from
#jh two #jh populations.
SCHOLARVAULT
