Ephe 141 Midterm questions with
verified answers graded A+
Morphology - correct answer✔✔ Structure
Structure Affects Function - correct answer✔✔ Function:
Gland- secretion of fluid
Skin- rough abrasion, harsh environment, quick cell replacement
Neuron- transmit electric impulses
Muscle- higher conc of MT, more E required
Great diversity in size and shape
Intestinal- small for increased absorption speed and decreased distance
Neuron- most change in shape, mostly thin, length determines where info is
carried
Four Tissue Types - correct answer✔✔ Epithelium
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Epithelium Tissue - correct answer✔✔ Somewhere between 80-90% of cancer
is epithelial
Inner and outer lining of all organs
,Epithelium Function - correct answer✔✔ Physical protection
Controls permeability- any substance that enters or leaves body passes through
epithelium
Provide Sensations- touch receptors in skin, neuroepithelium in sense organs eg.
nose, eyes and ears
Secretion- gland cells or glandular epithelium
Epithelial and Connective Tissue - correct answer✔✔ Epithelial tissue found in
close proximity to connective tissue
Separated by basement membrane
Connective tissue has holes for blood vessels, lymph, etc.
Intestinal Cells Structure and Function - correct answer✔✔ Nucleus at far end
of intestinal cell to protect from toxins of newly absorbed nutrients.
Microvilli (small fingers)- brush border, increase surface area for nutrient
absorption
4 Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue - correct answer✔✔ Cellularity: composed
almost entirely of epithelial cells
Polarity: two different ends, exposed (apical) and basal surfaces, different
distribution of organelles (eg. on has villi)
,Attachment: basal layer attached to basement membrane
Basement membrane connects adjacent cells
CAMS (cellular attachment and movement): hold together epithelia
Avascular: connective tissue provides nutrients, also have to send nutrient to
lymph and blood (eg. small intestine)
Transitional Epithelium - correct answer✔✔ Pillow like appearance when
person has an empty bladder
Only place present in body
Epithelia Classification - correct answer✔✔ Shape:
Squamous- scaly in greek, flat
Cuboidal- cube shaped
Columnar- rectangular columns
Layers:
Simple- 1 layer
Stratified- multiple layers
Pseudostratified- various heights, one layer
Transitional- only in bladder
(vagina and stomach also expand but by unfolding, doesn't happen at cellular
level)
, Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium - correct answer✔✔ Look stratified but
one layer thick
Typically also ciliated
Upper respiratory system
Cartilage and Bone - correct answer✔✔ Bone- mineral reservoir in body
Cartilage and bone have same origin, cartilage is replaced by bone
Cartilage Types - correct answer✔✔ Hyaline Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Hyaline Cartilage - correct answer✔✔ Has fluid that goes with it, makes a low
friction surface
Smooth, articulate part of bone
Ends of bone, provides nutrition to bone
Cartilage Components - correct answer✔✔ Made of elastic (collagen) and
fibrous (no stretch) components
Collagen will degrade over time replaced by fibre= loss of elasticity in joints
Elastic Cartilage - correct answer✔✔ eg. ends of ears
More elastic fibers
Can move and it will pop back
verified answers graded A+
Morphology - correct answer✔✔ Structure
Structure Affects Function - correct answer✔✔ Function:
Gland- secretion of fluid
Skin- rough abrasion, harsh environment, quick cell replacement
Neuron- transmit electric impulses
Muscle- higher conc of MT, more E required
Great diversity in size and shape
Intestinal- small for increased absorption speed and decreased distance
Neuron- most change in shape, mostly thin, length determines where info is
carried
Four Tissue Types - correct answer✔✔ Epithelium
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Epithelium Tissue - correct answer✔✔ Somewhere between 80-90% of cancer
is epithelial
Inner and outer lining of all organs
,Epithelium Function - correct answer✔✔ Physical protection
Controls permeability- any substance that enters or leaves body passes through
epithelium
Provide Sensations- touch receptors in skin, neuroepithelium in sense organs eg.
nose, eyes and ears
Secretion- gland cells or glandular epithelium
Epithelial and Connective Tissue - correct answer✔✔ Epithelial tissue found in
close proximity to connective tissue
Separated by basement membrane
Connective tissue has holes for blood vessels, lymph, etc.
Intestinal Cells Structure and Function - correct answer✔✔ Nucleus at far end
of intestinal cell to protect from toxins of newly absorbed nutrients.
Microvilli (small fingers)- brush border, increase surface area for nutrient
absorption
4 Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue - correct answer✔✔ Cellularity: composed
almost entirely of epithelial cells
Polarity: two different ends, exposed (apical) and basal surfaces, different
distribution of organelles (eg. on has villi)
,Attachment: basal layer attached to basement membrane
Basement membrane connects adjacent cells
CAMS (cellular attachment and movement): hold together epithelia
Avascular: connective tissue provides nutrients, also have to send nutrient to
lymph and blood (eg. small intestine)
Transitional Epithelium - correct answer✔✔ Pillow like appearance when
person has an empty bladder
Only place present in body
Epithelia Classification - correct answer✔✔ Shape:
Squamous- scaly in greek, flat
Cuboidal- cube shaped
Columnar- rectangular columns
Layers:
Simple- 1 layer
Stratified- multiple layers
Pseudostratified- various heights, one layer
Transitional- only in bladder
(vagina and stomach also expand but by unfolding, doesn't happen at cellular
level)
, Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium - correct answer✔✔ Look stratified but
one layer thick
Typically also ciliated
Upper respiratory system
Cartilage and Bone - correct answer✔✔ Bone- mineral reservoir in body
Cartilage and bone have same origin, cartilage is replaced by bone
Cartilage Types - correct answer✔✔ Hyaline Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Hyaline Cartilage - correct answer✔✔ Has fluid that goes with it, makes a low
friction surface
Smooth, articulate part of bone
Ends of bone, provides nutrition to bone
Cartilage Components - correct answer✔✔ Made of elastic (collagen) and
fibrous (no stretch) components
Collagen will degrade over time replaced by fibre= loss of elasticity in joints
Elastic Cartilage - correct answer✔✔ eg. ends of ears
More elastic fibers
Can move and it will pop back
