ANSWERS] WITH STUDY GUIDE DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED
PASS- LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A
One-eighth rule - CORRECT ANSWER 1/2 of managers believe in importance of
human side of enterprise; 1/2 of those (1/4) actually take steps to implement; 1/2 of
those (1/8) execute their steps long enough to see results
HPWP - CORRECT ANSWER high performance work practices; pay for
performance, self-managed teams, 360/multi-sourced feedback systems
EBM - CORRECT ANSWER Evidence based management; resolution to the
knowing-doing gap. Those who understand the research and put it into practice will beat
out those who are stuck talking about what to do next.
Hawthorne Studies - CORRECT ANSWER First studies into OB; Showed that human
behavior and motivation are complex
Hawthorne Studies - OG phase - CORRECT ANSWER Trying to study the effects of
room lighting on performance. Showed that the change in lighting did not affect
performance, in fact both test and control group increased production.
Hawthorne Studes - Relay Room - CORRECT ANSWER 2nd phase in the study. Add
in variables they thought would impact performance like method of payment and hours
worked, but still the results were the same.
Hawthorne Studies - Bank Wiring Room - CORRECT ANSWER 3rd phase. This time
they did not add variables like the 2nd phase and they used the regular supervisors.
There was no increase in productivity. This is because of informal group norm.
Informal Group Norm - CORRECT ANSWER Group decides what an honest day's
work is. Even if more production = more pay and greater job security, social pressures
restrict output.
Results of Hawthorne Studies - CORRECT ANSWER Some people discredit these
because of Hawthorne effect = interesting/novel experience and attention led to
increased productivity. But the polls of participants show this isn't the only factor.
Participants preferred relay room over bank wiring room because of group size,
supervision, and earnings as reasons 1-3. Only reasons 4-6 have to do with Hawthorne
effect.
Theory - CORRECT ANSWER Answers why, explains causal relationships
, Internal Validity - CORRECT ANSWER Need to prove that there were no outside
factors to prove causation.
External Validity - CORRECT ANSWER Need to prove that the results do not apply
to just your subset, but to everyone everywhere
OT - CORRECT ANSWER Org Theory; Macro, Theoretical
OD - CORRECT ANSWER Org Dev; Macro, Applied
HRM - CORRECT ANSWER Micro, Applied
Cognitive Approach - CORRECT ANSWER An approach to psychology emphasizing
the mental processes involved in knowing: people have free will and make their own
unique decisions
cognition - CORRECT ANSWER knowing piece of information
behavioristic theory - CORRECT ANSWER Stimulus -> Response
Social Learning - CORRECT ANSWER holds cognitive and behavioristic approach in
tandem. Says that person and environment do not function as independent units, but
reciprocally interact to determine behavior
SCT - CORRECT ANSWER Social Cognitive Theory; people are both products and
producers of their personality, environments, and behaviors. Humans have 5 basic
capabilities that all center around self-regulation and self-growth (self-regulatory and
forethought)
Globalization - CORRECT ANSWER All businesses need to start thinking with a
global mindset. Different ethics and expectations.
Diversity Examples - CORRECT ANSWER race, gender, age, experiences
Ways to manage diversity - CORRECT ANSWER training, testing, mentoring,
work/family programs
ethics - CORRECT ANSWER moral issues and choices, determining right and wrong
behavior
External vs internal ethics factors - CORRECT ANSWER internal (personality) does
not seem to affect ethics - external (culture, politics, groups/org) does
Examples of ethics that vary by culture - CORRECT ANSWER concern for
environment, bribes