what are the 4 types of tissues? - ANSWER epithelium
connective
muscle
nervous
what is anatomy? - ANSWER is the study structure and description of the body
what is physiology - ANSWER is the study of biological functions and processes of
the human body under basal conditions.
what is homeostasis - ANSWER refers to the dynamic constancy of the internal
physiological envrioment while buffering the challenges of the external enviroment
homeostasis reflects the ability of the human body to - ANSWER maintain a
relatively constant internal environment regardless of the surrounding enviromental
changes
how is homeostasis maintained? - ANSWER feedback control mechanisms
what happens when homeostasis is not achieved? - ANSWER disease
what is disease? - ANSWER the lack of coherence among certain human biological
process
what leads to the progression of disease? - ANSWER when synergy is disrupted at
any level
what are the components of the feedback control center? - ANSWER sensor
intergrating center
effector
regulated variable - ANSWER the specfic factor being monitored and controlled by
the system.
sensor(receptor) - ANSWER monitors the controlled variable for any deviations
caused by a stimulus from the external environment.
information transmitted to the integrating center along afferent pathways
, integrating center(control center) - ANSWER recieves and processes input
information from the sensor
if necessary instructions to carry out an appropriate respnse are sent to the effect
along efferent pathways.
effector - ANSWER recieves instructions from the integrating center and responds
accordingly.
steps of the feedback control system - ANSWER stimillus
receptor(sensory)
control center
effector
response
"susy really can't eat ragu"
negative feedback - ANSWER the response of the control system is negative or
opposing to the stimulus
regulation of blood pressure
the decrease in blood volume----->decrease in blood pressure---->detected by
baroreceptors in carotid ateries----->sent to brain------>vessels contrict heart rate
increases
negative feedback _______ homeostasis - ANSWER supports
what is the most common feedback mechanism? - ANSWER negative feedback
positive feedback - ANSWER the response of the control system in positive or
promoting the stimulus.
act to amplify the initial response to the stimulus.
examples of positive feedback - ANSWER childbirth
blood coagulation
,inflammation response
Positive feedback _______ _______ __________ homestasis - ANSWER does not
support
positive feedback is ____ _______ in nature - ANSWER less common
what stops positive feedback? - ANSWER negative ffedback does once the
process of positve feedback is complete
the plasmalemma is a doubled layer structure made primarily of - ANSWER
phospholipids
cholesterol
protien molecules
the plasmalemma has a ________(inner) and a _______(outer) face - ANSWER
cytoplasmic
extracellular
the cell membrane is ______ ________ which means it only allows certain
molecules to penetrate its membrane - ANSWER selectively permeable
cholesterol helps with _______ and _______ of the plasma membrane - ANSWER
fluidity and permerability
how does cholesterol help with permeability?
why is this the case? - ANSWER it keeps the phosphate heads at a good distance
from each other.
This is because cholesterol is positioned between the lipid bilayer
how does cholesterol prevent dissociation of phosphate heads? - ANSWER by
absorbing thermal energy
how does cholesterol prevent phosphate heads from increasing their intermolecular
distance? - ANSWER by keeping the cell membrane structure consistent.
, what does cholesterol amphipathic properties allow it to do? - ANSWER maintain
the stability of the plasmalemma when exposed to certain temperatures.
gradient: - ANSWER an increase or decrease in magnitude of a given property.
what does the phospholipid bilayer do? - ANSWER marks the boundaries of the cell
and is amphoietic in nature.
each lipid molecule contains a ________ and a _________ region - ANSWER
hydrophilic and hydrophobic region
phosphate heads are - ANSWER hydrophilic
phosphate tails are - ANSWER hydrophobic
what type of gases can pass through the membrane? - ANSWER N2,O2,CO2
what type of hydrophobic molecules can pass through the membrane - ANSWER
C6H6(benzene)
What type uncharged molecules can pass through the membrane? - ANSWER H20
and C2H6O(ethanol)
can small charged ions pass through the membrane? - ANSWER No, they cannot.
Here are some examples
Ca2+
H+
K+
Cl-
can H2O easily diffuse across the plasma membrane? - ANSWER yes, but only
small amounts. If there are large amounts of water then aquaporins will need to be
used.
does glucose pass through the membrane easily?
what is it? - ANSWER NO! it is an uncharged polar molecule
passive transport - ANSWER substances moves down its concentration gradient
connective
muscle
nervous
what is anatomy? - ANSWER is the study structure and description of the body
what is physiology - ANSWER is the study of biological functions and processes of
the human body under basal conditions.
what is homeostasis - ANSWER refers to the dynamic constancy of the internal
physiological envrioment while buffering the challenges of the external enviroment
homeostasis reflects the ability of the human body to - ANSWER maintain a
relatively constant internal environment regardless of the surrounding enviromental
changes
how is homeostasis maintained? - ANSWER feedback control mechanisms
what happens when homeostasis is not achieved? - ANSWER disease
what is disease? - ANSWER the lack of coherence among certain human biological
process
what leads to the progression of disease? - ANSWER when synergy is disrupted at
any level
what are the components of the feedback control center? - ANSWER sensor
intergrating center
effector
regulated variable - ANSWER the specfic factor being monitored and controlled by
the system.
sensor(receptor) - ANSWER monitors the controlled variable for any deviations
caused by a stimulus from the external environment.
information transmitted to the integrating center along afferent pathways
, integrating center(control center) - ANSWER recieves and processes input
information from the sensor
if necessary instructions to carry out an appropriate respnse are sent to the effect
along efferent pathways.
effector - ANSWER recieves instructions from the integrating center and responds
accordingly.
steps of the feedback control system - ANSWER stimillus
receptor(sensory)
control center
effector
response
"susy really can't eat ragu"
negative feedback - ANSWER the response of the control system is negative or
opposing to the stimulus
regulation of blood pressure
the decrease in blood volume----->decrease in blood pressure---->detected by
baroreceptors in carotid ateries----->sent to brain------>vessels contrict heart rate
increases
negative feedback _______ homeostasis - ANSWER supports
what is the most common feedback mechanism? - ANSWER negative feedback
positive feedback - ANSWER the response of the control system in positive or
promoting the stimulus.
act to amplify the initial response to the stimulus.
examples of positive feedback - ANSWER childbirth
blood coagulation
,inflammation response
Positive feedback _______ _______ __________ homestasis - ANSWER does not
support
positive feedback is ____ _______ in nature - ANSWER less common
what stops positive feedback? - ANSWER negative ffedback does once the
process of positve feedback is complete
the plasmalemma is a doubled layer structure made primarily of - ANSWER
phospholipids
cholesterol
protien molecules
the plasmalemma has a ________(inner) and a _______(outer) face - ANSWER
cytoplasmic
extracellular
the cell membrane is ______ ________ which means it only allows certain
molecules to penetrate its membrane - ANSWER selectively permeable
cholesterol helps with _______ and _______ of the plasma membrane - ANSWER
fluidity and permerability
how does cholesterol help with permeability?
why is this the case? - ANSWER it keeps the phosphate heads at a good distance
from each other.
This is because cholesterol is positioned between the lipid bilayer
how does cholesterol prevent dissociation of phosphate heads? - ANSWER by
absorbing thermal energy
how does cholesterol prevent phosphate heads from increasing their intermolecular
distance? - ANSWER by keeping the cell membrane structure consistent.
, what does cholesterol amphipathic properties allow it to do? - ANSWER maintain
the stability of the plasmalemma when exposed to certain temperatures.
gradient: - ANSWER an increase or decrease in magnitude of a given property.
what does the phospholipid bilayer do? - ANSWER marks the boundaries of the cell
and is amphoietic in nature.
each lipid molecule contains a ________ and a _________ region - ANSWER
hydrophilic and hydrophobic region
phosphate heads are - ANSWER hydrophilic
phosphate tails are - ANSWER hydrophobic
what type of gases can pass through the membrane? - ANSWER N2,O2,CO2
what type of hydrophobic molecules can pass through the membrane - ANSWER
C6H6(benzene)
What type uncharged molecules can pass through the membrane? - ANSWER H20
and C2H6O(ethanol)
can small charged ions pass through the membrane? - ANSWER No, they cannot.
Here are some examples
Ca2+
H+
K+
Cl-
can H2O easily diffuse across the plasma membrane? - ANSWER yes, but only
small amounts. If there are large amounts of water then aquaporins will need to be
used.
does glucose pass through the membrane easily?
what is it? - ANSWER NO! it is an uncharged polar molecule
passive transport - ANSWER substances moves down its concentration gradient
