NUR2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE II EXAM 2

NUR2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE
II EXAM 2




Uncompensated43-43answer--pH43and43one43other43value43is43abnormal

Partial43compensation43-43answer--pH,43CO2,43and43HCO343are43all43off

Full43compensation43-43answer--pH43is43normal

Acidosis43-43answer--
reduces43the43excitability43of43cardiovascular43muscle,43neurons,43skeletal43muscle,43an
d43smooth43muscle.

Alkalosis43-43answer--
increases43the43sensitivity43of43excitable43tissues43allowing43them43to43OVERRESPON
D43without43stimulation

ABG43considerations43-43answer---43Assess43cardiovascular43w/
43acidosis43(cardiac43arrest43from43hyperkalemia)
-43Assess43neuro43status
-43Fall43precautions

Bicarb43HC0343-43answer--kidney43compensation43(slow43and43powerful)

Respiratory43PaC0243-43answer--Respiratory43compensation43(fast43but43limited)

Metabolic43acidosis43causes43-43answer--
DKA,43Starvation,43diarrhea,43kidney43failure,43dehydration,43liver43failure,43pancreatitis,4
3heavy43exercise,43seizure43activity,43fever,43hypoxia,43ischemia,43ethanol/
methanol43intoxication

Metabolic43acidosis43signs43and43symptoms43-43answer--
bradycardia,43hypotension,43thready43pulse,43CNS43depression,43hyporeflexia,43kussmal
43resp43(with43resp43compensation),43warm,43flushed,43dry43skin.

, Metabolic43acidosis43treatment43-43answer--
hydration43and43medication43to43treat43underlying43problems43(DKA43-43give43insulin).

Metabolic43alkalosis43causes43-43answer--
antacids,43blood43transfusion,43sodium43bicarbonate,43total43parenteral43nutrition43(TPN)
,43prolonged43vomiting,43nasogastric43suctioning,43hypercortisolism,43hyperaldosteronis
m,43Loop/Thiazide43diuretics.

Metabolic43Alkalosis43s/s43-43answer--
anxiety,43irritability,43tetany,43seizures,43POSITIVE43CHVOSTEK,43POSITIVE43TROUS
SEAU,43parathesis,43hyperreflexia,43muscle43cramping/
twitching,43skeletal43muscle43weakness,43Tachycardia,43norm/
low43BP,43increased43Digoxin43toxicity,43decreased43respiratory43effort43(muscle43weakn
ess).

metabolic43alkalosis43treatment43-43answer--restore43fluid/electrolyte43imbalances

Respiratory43acidosis43cause43-43answer--
Opioids,43anesthetics,43electrolyte43imbalance,43inadequate43chest43expansion,43muscle
43weakness,43airway43obstruction,43alveolar-capillary43block.


Respiratory43acidosis43s/s43-43answer--
bradycardia,43hypotension,43thready43pulse,43CNS43depression,43hyporeflexia,43ineffecti
ve43respirations,43pale-to-cyanotic43dry43skin.

Respiratory43acidosis43treatment43-43answer--
(Assess43airway)43Improve43gas43exchange,43drug43therapy43(bronchodilators,43anti-
inflammatory),43oxygen43therapy43(lowest43flow43possible),43ventilation.

Respiratory43alkalosis43cause43-43answer--
Hyperventilation43(fear,43anxiety),43mechanical43ventilation,43salicylate43toxicity,43high43a
ltitudes,43early-stage43acute43pulmonary43issues.

respiratory43alkalosis43s/s43-43answer--
anxiety,43irritability,43tetany,43seizures,43POSITIVE43CHVOSTEK,43POSITIVE43TROUS
SEAU43(hypocalcemia),43parathesis,43hyperreflexia,43muscle43cramping/
twitching,43skeletal43muscle43weakness,43Tachycardia,43norm/
low43BP,43increased43Digoxin43toxicity,43hyperventilation

respiratory43alkalosis43treatment43-43answer--restore43fluid/electrolyte43imbalances

How43do43acid/base43imbalances43affect43electrolytes43-43answer---
43Potassium43levels43increase43in43acidosis43as43the43body43attempts43to43maintain43ele
ctroneutrality43during43buffering.
-43Potassium43is43elevated43in43acute43respiratory43acidosis43and43normal/
low43in43chronic43respiratory43acidosis43when43kidney43compensation43is43present