COMD 5070 Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER - empirical, deterministic, predictive,
parsimonious
empirical - CORRECT ANSWER - based on data
deterministic - CORRECT ANSWER - obeys physical laws
predictive - CORRECT ANSWER - If you do this, then this will happen
parsiminious - CORRECT ANSWER - uses the simplest explanation possible
why use technology? - CORRECT ANSWER - overcome listener bias, describe severity
objectively, track progress over time, ASHA's focus on evidence-based practice, provide
biofeedback to patient
how to overcome listener bias? - CORRECT ANSWER - consistent, reliable
measurements
how to track progress over time? - CORRECT ANSWER - demonstrate treatment efficacy
biofeedback example - CORRECT ANSWER - vizipitch- allows client to view intonation
patterns on a screen so they can see & monitor their own progress
things clinicians can do that technology can't - CORRECT ANSWER - understand the
numbers, examine qualitatively and quantitatively, judgments/ interpreting data
,why understand technology? - CORRECT ANSWER - SLP needs to know normal &
disordered physiology; can only provide rational treatment if data is understood; need to know
what numbers from instruments represent; provide expert interpretation
3 key arenas of Speech Science - CORRECT ANSWER - acoustic phonetics, physiologic
phonetics, speech perception
physiologic phonetics - CORRECT ANSWER - kinematics, aerodynamics,
electromyography
frequency - CORRECT ANSWER - how often a waveform repeats; measured in Hz
simplest sounds - CORRECT ANSWER - pure tones
complex tones - CORRECT ANSWER - have more than 1 sine wave (more than 1 sound
being produced together, & they blend); have many frequencies; F0 = strongest; perceived pitch
follows fundamental; human voice has F0 and harmonics; auditory system responds to all
frequencies
pitch perception - CORRECT ANSWER - linked to frequency; order on a musical scale;
subjective perception; can't be measured w/ instruments; listener matches perceived pitch to that
of a pure tone of a known frequency
Frequency Difference Limens (DL) - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest detectable change
in frequency; DLs increase w/ stimulus frequency; high frequency sounds must differ more to be
heard as different in pitch; as intensity increases, DLs become larger
Intensity of speech - CORRECT ANSWER - measured in dB SPL
dB SPL = - CORRECT ANSWER - 20 (log10 PO/PR)
, periodic relationship - CORRECT ANSWER - if frequencies in a complex tone are in a
mathematical relationship to one another such that the harmonics are multiples of the
fundamental; if not periodic, sounds jarring/ discordant
missing fundamental - CORRECT ANSWER - listen to a harmonic series; actual
fundamental can be absent; timbre/ quality is different; pitch is still perceived as the same; brain
processes harmonic structure & fills gap by calculation/ interpolation; cheap audio equipment-
stimulated bass; AKA "residue pitch"
pitch perception in music - CORRECT ANSWER - A or B sounds equivalent up or down;
some note pairs blend harmoniously, some are dissonant; harmonic frequencies match or don't
octave - CORRECT ANSWER - doubling/ halving of frequency
Intensity - CORRECT ANSWER - measured with a sound level meter; power per unit area
intensity formula - CORRECT ANSWER - watts/meter squared
loudness - CORRECT ANSWER - a perceptual characteristic; judged by listener (not right
or wrong); linked to intensity by psychophysical scale
magnitude rating - CORRECT ANSWER - the process of plotting psychological
perceptions of intensity
recruitment - CORRECT ANSWER - an abnormal growth in loudness
effect of frequency on loudness - CORRECT ANSWER - hearing more sensitive at some
frequencies (lowest thresholds from 1000-5000 Hz); thresholds increase for lowest & highest
frequency sounds; audiometers use HL, not SPL because of the unequal response
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER - empirical, deterministic, predictive,
parsimonious
empirical - CORRECT ANSWER - based on data
deterministic - CORRECT ANSWER - obeys physical laws
predictive - CORRECT ANSWER - If you do this, then this will happen
parsiminious - CORRECT ANSWER - uses the simplest explanation possible
why use technology? - CORRECT ANSWER - overcome listener bias, describe severity
objectively, track progress over time, ASHA's focus on evidence-based practice, provide
biofeedback to patient
how to overcome listener bias? - CORRECT ANSWER - consistent, reliable
measurements
how to track progress over time? - CORRECT ANSWER - demonstrate treatment efficacy
biofeedback example - CORRECT ANSWER - vizipitch- allows client to view intonation
patterns on a screen so they can see & monitor their own progress
things clinicians can do that technology can't - CORRECT ANSWER - understand the
numbers, examine qualitatively and quantitatively, judgments/ interpreting data
,why understand technology? - CORRECT ANSWER - SLP needs to know normal &
disordered physiology; can only provide rational treatment if data is understood; need to know
what numbers from instruments represent; provide expert interpretation
3 key arenas of Speech Science - CORRECT ANSWER - acoustic phonetics, physiologic
phonetics, speech perception
physiologic phonetics - CORRECT ANSWER - kinematics, aerodynamics,
electromyography
frequency - CORRECT ANSWER - how often a waveform repeats; measured in Hz
simplest sounds - CORRECT ANSWER - pure tones
complex tones - CORRECT ANSWER - have more than 1 sine wave (more than 1 sound
being produced together, & they blend); have many frequencies; F0 = strongest; perceived pitch
follows fundamental; human voice has F0 and harmonics; auditory system responds to all
frequencies
pitch perception - CORRECT ANSWER - linked to frequency; order on a musical scale;
subjective perception; can't be measured w/ instruments; listener matches perceived pitch to that
of a pure tone of a known frequency
Frequency Difference Limens (DL) - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest detectable change
in frequency; DLs increase w/ stimulus frequency; high frequency sounds must differ more to be
heard as different in pitch; as intensity increases, DLs become larger
Intensity of speech - CORRECT ANSWER - measured in dB SPL
dB SPL = - CORRECT ANSWER - 20 (log10 PO/PR)
, periodic relationship - CORRECT ANSWER - if frequencies in a complex tone are in a
mathematical relationship to one another such that the harmonics are multiples of the
fundamental; if not periodic, sounds jarring/ discordant
missing fundamental - CORRECT ANSWER - listen to a harmonic series; actual
fundamental can be absent; timbre/ quality is different; pitch is still perceived as the same; brain
processes harmonic structure & fills gap by calculation/ interpolation; cheap audio equipment-
stimulated bass; AKA "residue pitch"
pitch perception in music - CORRECT ANSWER - A or B sounds equivalent up or down;
some note pairs blend harmoniously, some are dissonant; harmonic frequencies match or don't
octave - CORRECT ANSWER - doubling/ halving of frequency
Intensity - CORRECT ANSWER - measured with a sound level meter; power per unit area
intensity formula - CORRECT ANSWER - watts/meter squared
loudness - CORRECT ANSWER - a perceptual characteristic; judged by listener (not right
or wrong); linked to intensity by psychophysical scale
magnitude rating - CORRECT ANSWER - the process of plotting psychological
perceptions of intensity
recruitment - CORRECT ANSWER - an abnormal growth in loudness
effect of frequency on loudness - CORRECT ANSWER - hearing more sensitive at some
frequencies (lowest thresholds from 1000-5000 Hz); thresholds increase for lowest & highest
frequency sounds; audiometers use HL, not SPL because of the unequal response
