MedSurg – Neuro UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORECT Answers
Which would be worse to see coming out of the skull, white or gray matter? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Neither are great. Gray is WAY bad
What are the three essential components of the brain that make up the monro-kellie hypothesis? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Blood
CSF
Brain matter
*a change in one affects the others
What are 5 factors that influence ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER --Arterial/Venous pressure
-Intraabdominal/thoracic pressure
-Posture
-Temp
-Blood gases (CO2)
What is the hydrostatic force measured in the brain CSF compartment? - CORRECT
ANSWER -intracranial pressure
When does intracranial volume change? - CORRECT ANSWER -Never, what changes is
the pressure. That's the monro-kellie hypothesis
What is decompression of the brain? - CORRECT ANSWER -Compression and ischemia
of the brain stem
What is normal ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER -5-15 mmHg
,ICP can be measured in which places? - CORRECT ANSWER --ventricles (most
common)
-Subarachnoid space
-Subdural space
-Epidural space
-Brain parenchymal tissue
Which part of the brain consumes more, gray or white matter? - CORRECT ANSWER -
gray matter - gets much higher blood flow
What is autoregulation of the CBF? - CORRECT ANSWER -the automatic adjustment in
the diameter of the cerebral vessels by the brain to maintain constant blood flow during changes
in arterial blood pressure
What is the ideal mean arterial pressure (MAP) to maintain good perfusion of all organs? -
CORRECT ANSWER -65 mmHg
*can be as low as 50
What are two common symptoms of decreased CBF and cerebral ischemia? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Syncope
Blurred vision
How are cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral blood flow related? - CORRECT
ANSWER -as CPP decreases, autoregulation fails and CBF decreases
What is normal CPP? - CORRECT ANSWER -70-100 mmHg
What CPP is not compatible with life? - CORRECT ANSWER -<30mmHg
, What pressure of CPP is associated with ischemia and neuronal death? - CORRECT
ANSWER -<50mmHg
What is the clinical significance of ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER --decreases CPP
-Increases risk of ischemia and infarct
-associated with poor prognosis
What is the first clinical sign of ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER -Change in LOC - defined
by both the behavior and the pattern of brain activity recorded by an EEG
Which scores of the glasgow coma scales are important to know? - CORRECT
ANSWER -If it's 8 you intubate
What score would dead be on the GCS? - CORRECT ANSWER -3
What is a normal GCS? - CORRECT ANSWER -15 - AOx3
What are the three parts of the GCS and what do they measure? - CORRECT ANSWER -4
eyes
Jackson 5 - verbal
V6 - motor
Pressure on the thalamus, hypothalamus, pons, and medulla would all cause what? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Change in vital signs
What is cushing's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER --Widened pulse pressure
-Bradycardia
-Bradypnea
Exam Questions and CORECT Answers
Which would be worse to see coming out of the skull, white or gray matter? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Neither are great. Gray is WAY bad
What are the three essential components of the brain that make up the monro-kellie hypothesis? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Blood
CSF
Brain matter
*a change in one affects the others
What are 5 factors that influence ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER --Arterial/Venous pressure
-Intraabdominal/thoracic pressure
-Posture
-Temp
-Blood gases (CO2)
What is the hydrostatic force measured in the brain CSF compartment? - CORRECT
ANSWER -intracranial pressure
When does intracranial volume change? - CORRECT ANSWER -Never, what changes is
the pressure. That's the monro-kellie hypothesis
What is decompression of the brain? - CORRECT ANSWER -Compression and ischemia
of the brain stem
What is normal ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER -5-15 mmHg
,ICP can be measured in which places? - CORRECT ANSWER --ventricles (most
common)
-Subarachnoid space
-Subdural space
-Epidural space
-Brain parenchymal tissue
Which part of the brain consumes more, gray or white matter? - CORRECT ANSWER -
gray matter - gets much higher blood flow
What is autoregulation of the CBF? - CORRECT ANSWER -the automatic adjustment in
the diameter of the cerebral vessels by the brain to maintain constant blood flow during changes
in arterial blood pressure
What is the ideal mean arterial pressure (MAP) to maintain good perfusion of all organs? -
CORRECT ANSWER -65 mmHg
*can be as low as 50
What are two common symptoms of decreased CBF and cerebral ischemia? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Syncope
Blurred vision
How are cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral blood flow related? - CORRECT
ANSWER -as CPP decreases, autoregulation fails and CBF decreases
What is normal CPP? - CORRECT ANSWER -70-100 mmHg
What CPP is not compatible with life? - CORRECT ANSWER -<30mmHg
, What pressure of CPP is associated with ischemia and neuronal death? - CORRECT
ANSWER -<50mmHg
What is the clinical significance of ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER --decreases CPP
-Increases risk of ischemia and infarct
-associated with poor prognosis
What is the first clinical sign of ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER -Change in LOC - defined
by both the behavior and the pattern of brain activity recorded by an EEG
Which scores of the glasgow coma scales are important to know? - CORRECT
ANSWER -If it's 8 you intubate
What score would dead be on the GCS? - CORRECT ANSWER -3
What is a normal GCS? - CORRECT ANSWER -15 - AOx3
What are the three parts of the GCS and what do they measure? - CORRECT ANSWER -4
eyes
Jackson 5 - verbal
V6 - motor
Pressure on the thalamus, hypothalamus, pons, and medulla would all cause what? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Change in vital signs
What is cushing's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER --Widened pulse pressure
-Bradycardia
-Bradypnea
