NSG 55 Assessment Exam UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORECT
Answers
Valvular Heart disease - CORRECT ANSWER - acquired or congenital disorder of a heart
valve. Stenotic Valve- valve that does not open completely, Incompetent Valve- valve that does
not open completely
Angina Pectoris - CORRECT ANSWER - Chest pain that is caused by ischemia (lack of
O2) of the myocardium. Men describe as: pressure in the chest, suffocating, pain in the arms,
back or jaw. Women describe pain as: milder than men, same areas and upper back
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - CORRECT ANSWER - sustained myocardial ischemia
results in death of myocardial cells and acute MI. Left ventricle is more affected, but can affect
right. Patients describe pain as worst chest pain ever experienced, lasts longer than 5 mins.,
radiates to left arm, jaw and is not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
Left Ventricular Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Left=Lung. caused by, increase
resistance to blood flow that occurs with aortic stenosis or HTN and the ventricle can not
contract due to workload, OR weakening of L ventricular contraction that occurred after MI
when death of myocardial cells cause ineffective contraction. Backflow of blood into left atrium
causing pulmonary edema
Right Ventricular Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Right= rest. caused by hypertrophy of
ventricle from pulmonary HTN or necrosis from MI. backflow of blood into inferior and superior
vena cava. called cor pulmonale . Systolic murmur, peripheral edema, weight gain.
Pericarditis - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammation of the pericardium, Friction rub heard
best when patient is leaning forward to hear heart against chest wall. Scratching, grating high
pitched sounds, resulting from friction between pericardium and epicardial surfaces. Severe,
sharp pain aggravated by deep breathing
, venous thromboembolism and thrombophlebitis - CORRECT ANSWER - includes DVT
and PE. When a thrombus (clot) develops it is called a thrombosis. Thrombophlebitis is
inflammation of the vein accompanied by a clot. the thrombus can dislodge and cause PE.
Edema and redness in involved extremity, increased circumference of leg.
Treatment Order for GERD - CORRECT ANSWER - Antacids, H2 Blocker, PPI, Surgery
Osteoarthritis - CORRECT ANSWER - degenerative joint disease, from wear and tear.
breakdown and loss of cartilage. Affects weight bearing joints. Bouchards nodes and Heberden
nodes in hands. pain with movement, after waking in the AM, decreases with movement.
rheumatoid arthritis - CORRECT ANSWER - Bilateral. swan neck and boutinniere
deformities and ulnar deviation as disease progresses. chronic autoimmune disease.
Inflammation and degeneration of joints. Synovial lining becomes inflamed, deteriorating
cartilage, causing erosion and bone spurs. Pain after awakening in AM.
fasciculations - CORRECT ANSWER - localized, muscle twitching of a single muscle
group may be caused by an adverse effect of drugs
spasms - CORRECT ANSWER - generalized, involuntary muscle contractions
genu varum - CORRECT ANSWER - bow legged
genu valgum - CORRECT ANSWER - knock knees
Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER - loss of bone density (osteopenia) and decrease
bone formation. Silent disease. No signs and symptoms. Patients may not know until they
discover a loss in height or spontaneous fracture from brittle bones or develop kyphosis
Hallux Vagus - CORRECT ANSWER - Bunion. Commonly on the great toe. Congenital
disease. Misalignment of the feet.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORECT
Answers
Valvular Heart disease - CORRECT ANSWER - acquired or congenital disorder of a heart
valve. Stenotic Valve- valve that does not open completely, Incompetent Valve- valve that does
not open completely
Angina Pectoris - CORRECT ANSWER - Chest pain that is caused by ischemia (lack of
O2) of the myocardium. Men describe as: pressure in the chest, suffocating, pain in the arms,
back or jaw. Women describe pain as: milder than men, same areas and upper back
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - CORRECT ANSWER - sustained myocardial ischemia
results in death of myocardial cells and acute MI. Left ventricle is more affected, but can affect
right. Patients describe pain as worst chest pain ever experienced, lasts longer than 5 mins.,
radiates to left arm, jaw and is not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
Left Ventricular Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Left=Lung. caused by, increase
resistance to blood flow that occurs with aortic stenosis or HTN and the ventricle can not
contract due to workload, OR weakening of L ventricular contraction that occurred after MI
when death of myocardial cells cause ineffective contraction. Backflow of blood into left atrium
causing pulmonary edema
Right Ventricular Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Right= rest. caused by hypertrophy of
ventricle from pulmonary HTN or necrosis from MI. backflow of blood into inferior and superior
vena cava. called cor pulmonale . Systolic murmur, peripheral edema, weight gain.
Pericarditis - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammation of the pericardium, Friction rub heard
best when patient is leaning forward to hear heart against chest wall. Scratching, grating high
pitched sounds, resulting from friction between pericardium and epicardial surfaces. Severe,
sharp pain aggravated by deep breathing
, venous thromboembolism and thrombophlebitis - CORRECT ANSWER - includes DVT
and PE. When a thrombus (clot) develops it is called a thrombosis. Thrombophlebitis is
inflammation of the vein accompanied by a clot. the thrombus can dislodge and cause PE.
Edema and redness in involved extremity, increased circumference of leg.
Treatment Order for GERD - CORRECT ANSWER - Antacids, H2 Blocker, PPI, Surgery
Osteoarthritis - CORRECT ANSWER - degenerative joint disease, from wear and tear.
breakdown and loss of cartilage. Affects weight bearing joints. Bouchards nodes and Heberden
nodes in hands. pain with movement, after waking in the AM, decreases with movement.
rheumatoid arthritis - CORRECT ANSWER - Bilateral. swan neck and boutinniere
deformities and ulnar deviation as disease progresses. chronic autoimmune disease.
Inflammation and degeneration of joints. Synovial lining becomes inflamed, deteriorating
cartilage, causing erosion and bone spurs. Pain after awakening in AM.
fasciculations - CORRECT ANSWER - localized, muscle twitching of a single muscle
group may be caused by an adverse effect of drugs
spasms - CORRECT ANSWER - generalized, involuntary muscle contractions
genu varum - CORRECT ANSWER - bow legged
genu valgum - CORRECT ANSWER - knock knees
Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER - loss of bone density (osteopenia) and decrease
bone formation. Silent disease. No signs and symptoms. Patients may not know until they
discover a loss in height or spontaneous fracture from brittle bones or develop kyphosis
Hallux Vagus - CORRECT ANSWER - Bunion. Commonly on the great toe. Congenital
disease. Misalignment of the feet.
