NSG 555 Quiz 1 Module 2 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORECT
Answers
cataracts - CORRECT ANSWER - opacification of the lense of the eye. leading cause of
blindness. Every person who lives long will develop a degree of cataract.
prevents light from focusing on retina so loss of vision
causes: age, corticosteroids, diabetes, smoking, UV light and radiation
presentation and PEof cataracts - CORRECT ANSWER - -painful progressive loss of
vision, hazy, haloes, glare with bright lights (headlights @ night)
PE: no redness, corneal haze or pain. hazy optic nerve and retina.
MGT: glasses, magnifiers, refer to ophthamology. surgery: emulsift lens, vacuumed out and
replaced with an artificial lens
FLOMAX and CATARACTS - CORRECT ANSWER - No surgery, need to stop flomax
first because can cause intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
dry eye syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - abnormalities in tear film.
tear film is formed with each blink and this limits evaporation.
2 kinds of dry eyes - CORRECT ANSWER - aqueous-deficient--lacrimal gland
insufficiency. Sjogrens or other disease
evaoprative deficient--meibomian gland dysfunction, poor eyelid closure, inadequate blinking,
ocular rosacea
,presentation/PE dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - dryness, foreign body sensation,
burning, stinging, ocular fatigue, light sensitive. some have reflexive hypersecretion because of
corneal irritation
meds causing dry eyes: anticholinergic, alpha blocker (flomax), anti HTN, oral corticosteroids,
vitamins, autoimmune disease
Assess: visual acuity, fluorescein dye , cranial nerve function
diagnostics of dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - schirmer test (filter paper to measure tear
production)
pharm treatment dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - artificial tears, ointments, preservative
free if needed
--cyclosporin (restasis) or xiidra for long term treatment of dry eye
--doxycycline for aqueaous-deficient dry eye d/t rosacea or meibomian gland dysfunction.
--therapeutic contact lenses to improve tear retnetion
indications for referral/hospitalization: dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - visual loss,
severe pain, corneal ulceration`
nasal tumors and polyps--most common - CORRECT ANSWER - inverted papilloma
between nose and maxillary sinus
Highly vascular benign tumor
Common in boys of adolescent age
nasal polyps - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammatory disorder of nose and paranasal
sinuses that can result in chronic nasal obstruction and a diminished sense of smell
, common in 1/3 of patients/children with CF
pathophys of nasopharynx tumors - CORRECT ANSWER - dx difficult because varied
pathophys.
more common in men, assoc. with smoking, etoh, sunlight exposure
clinical presentation/PE of nasal tumors - CORRECT ANSWER - mimic rhinitis or
sinusitis
unilateral nasal obstruction + pain, hemorrhage, HA, visual/olfactory changes
nasal obstruction, d/c, facial swelling, recurrent epistaxis (these are usually benign and can be
seen)
nasal polyps presentation and PE - CORRECT ANSWER - nasal obstruction,
hyposmia/anosmia, recurrent sinusitis, HA, post-nasal drip, intrinsic asthma . teardrop or grap
shaped.
use pen light to look at nares, assess lymph nodes,
diagnostics nasal polyps - CORRECT ANSWER - endoscopic eval and biopsy is gold
standard
CBC
sinus x-ray, may need CT/MRI to assess bone involvement
priority differential dx for nasal tumors/polyps - CORRECT ANSWER - benign/malignant
polyps, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (wegeners), mucoceles, granulomas without systemic
improvement
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORECT
Answers
cataracts - CORRECT ANSWER - opacification of the lense of the eye. leading cause of
blindness. Every person who lives long will develop a degree of cataract.
prevents light from focusing on retina so loss of vision
causes: age, corticosteroids, diabetes, smoking, UV light and radiation
presentation and PEof cataracts - CORRECT ANSWER - -painful progressive loss of
vision, hazy, haloes, glare with bright lights (headlights @ night)
PE: no redness, corneal haze or pain. hazy optic nerve and retina.
MGT: glasses, magnifiers, refer to ophthamology. surgery: emulsift lens, vacuumed out and
replaced with an artificial lens
FLOMAX and CATARACTS - CORRECT ANSWER - No surgery, need to stop flomax
first because can cause intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
dry eye syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - abnormalities in tear film.
tear film is formed with each blink and this limits evaporation.
2 kinds of dry eyes - CORRECT ANSWER - aqueous-deficient--lacrimal gland
insufficiency. Sjogrens or other disease
evaoprative deficient--meibomian gland dysfunction, poor eyelid closure, inadequate blinking,
ocular rosacea
,presentation/PE dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - dryness, foreign body sensation,
burning, stinging, ocular fatigue, light sensitive. some have reflexive hypersecretion because of
corneal irritation
meds causing dry eyes: anticholinergic, alpha blocker (flomax), anti HTN, oral corticosteroids,
vitamins, autoimmune disease
Assess: visual acuity, fluorescein dye , cranial nerve function
diagnostics of dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - schirmer test (filter paper to measure tear
production)
pharm treatment dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - artificial tears, ointments, preservative
free if needed
--cyclosporin (restasis) or xiidra for long term treatment of dry eye
--doxycycline for aqueaous-deficient dry eye d/t rosacea or meibomian gland dysfunction.
--therapeutic contact lenses to improve tear retnetion
indications for referral/hospitalization: dry eye - CORRECT ANSWER - visual loss,
severe pain, corneal ulceration`
nasal tumors and polyps--most common - CORRECT ANSWER - inverted papilloma
between nose and maxillary sinus
Highly vascular benign tumor
Common in boys of adolescent age
nasal polyps - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammatory disorder of nose and paranasal
sinuses that can result in chronic nasal obstruction and a diminished sense of smell
, common in 1/3 of patients/children with CF
pathophys of nasopharynx tumors - CORRECT ANSWER - dx difficult because varied
pathophys.
more common in men, assoc. with smoking, etoh, sunlight exposure
clinical presentation/PE of nasal tumors - CORRECT ANSWER - mimic rhinitis or
sinusitis
unilateral nasal obstruction + pain, hemorrhage, HA, visual/olfactory changes
nasal obstruction, d/c, facial swelling, recurrent epistaxis (these are usually benign and can be
seen)
nasal polyps presentation and PE - CORRECT ANSWER - nasal obstruction,
hyposmia/anosmia, recurrent sinusitis, HA, post-nasal drip, intrinsic asthma . teardrop or grap
shaped.
use pen light to look at nares, assess lymph nodes,
diagnostics nasal polyps - CORRECT ANSWER - endoscopic eval and biopsy is gold
standard
CBC
sinus x-ray, may need CT/MRI to assess bone involvement
priority differential dx for nasal tumors/polyps - CORRECT ANSWER - benign/malignant
polyps, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (wegeners), mucoceles, granulomas without systemic
improvement
