TEST BANK
TEST BANK
,1. Attention, perception, memory, and decision making are all different types of mental processes in which the mind
engages. These are known as different types of
a. models.
b. cognition.
c. reaction times.
d. savings.
ANSWER: b
2. The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called
a. cognitive psychology.
b. introspection.
c. behaviorism.
d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
3. Donders's main reason for doing his choice reaction time experiment was to study
a. sensation.
b. childhood attachment styles.
c. decision making.
d. personality development.
ANSWER: c
4. By comparing reaction times across different tasks, Donders was able to conclude how long the mind needs to perform
a certain cognitive task. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of
his experiment as indicating how long it took to
a. perceive the stimulus.
b. process the stimulus.
c. attend to the stimulus.
d. make a decision about the stimulus.
ANSWER: d
5. The main point of the Donders's reaction time experiments was to
a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately.
b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
c. determine differences in the way people react to stimuli.
d. show that our cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
6. In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a
light, they were engaged in a
a. sensory memory task.
b. simple reaction time task.
c. choice reaction time task.
d. classical conditioning task.
,ANSWER: b
7. Reaction time refers to the time between the _______ of a stimulus and a person's response to it.
a. sensation
b. transduction
c. change in intensity
d. presentation
ANSWER: d
8. In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left
was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in a
a. memory recall task.
b. simple reaction time task.
c. choice reaction time task.
d. operant conditioning task.
ANSWER: c
9. How is the term mind used in this statement: “If you put your mind to it, I’m sure you can solve that math problem”?
a. The mind as involved in memory
b. The mind as problem solver
c. The mind as used to make decisions or consider possibilities
d. The mind as valuable, something that should be used
ANSWER: b
10. In Donders's research on human decision making, he found that it took ____________ to decide which of two buttons
to push in response to a stimulus.
a. less than one second
b. between one and two seconds
c. two to five seconds
d. more than five seconds
ANSWER: a
11. The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be
a. measured directly.
b. inferred from the participant's behavior.
c. measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant's response.
d. measured by comparing responses among different participants.
ANSWER: b
12. The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.
a. physiological response and the behavioral outcome
b. cognitive task and the behavioral outcome
c. cognitive task and the physiological response
d. cognitive task and the mental response
, ANSWER: d
13. How is the term mind used in this statement: “When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out
of his mind”?
a. The mind as involved in memory
b. The mind as problem solver
c. The mind as a healthy mind being associated with normal functioning, a nonfunctioning mind with abnormal
functioning.
d. The mind as valuable, something that should be used
ANSWER: c
14. According to Ebbinghaus's research on memory, savings is a function of
a. word familiarity.
b. sensory modality.
c. elapsed time.
d. reaction time.
ANSWER: c
15. Ebbinghaus's "memory" experiments were important because they
a. described complex decision making.
b. plotted functions that described the operation of the mind.
c. were the first to combine basic elements of experience called sensations.
d. showed how positive reinforcers strengthen behavior.
ANSWER: b
16. Consider the following definition of the mind: The mind is a system that creates representations of the world so that
we can act within it to achieve our goals. Which element of the mind does this definition emphasize?
a. Functioning and survival
b. Attention
c. Routine
d. Cognition
ANSWER: a
17. With which of the following sentences would the author disagree?
a. The mind creates and controls mental processes such as language and emotions.
b. The mind can create representations of the world.
c. The mind is a problem solver.
d. We can consider the mind extraordinary if it is used for extraordinary purposes.
ANSWER: d
18. Which of the following methods, often associated with structuralism, was used in the psychology laboratory
established by Wilhelm Wundt?
a. Analytic introspection
b. Measuring reaction times
c. Operant conditioning
TEST BANK
,1. Attention, perception, memory, and decision making are all different types of mental processes in which the mind
engages. These are known as different types of
a. models.
b. cognition.
c. reaction times.
d. savings.
ANSWER: b
2. The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called
a. cognitive psychology.
b. introspection.
c. behaviorism.
d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
3. Donders's main reason for doing his choice reaction time experiment was to study
a. sensation.
b. childhood attachment styles.
c. decision making.
d. personality development.
ANSWER: c
4. By comparing reaction times across different tasks, Donders was able to conclude how long the mind needs to perform
a certain cognitive task. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of
his experiment as indicating how long it took to
a. perceive the stimulus.
b. process the stimulus.
c. attend to the stimulus.
d. make a decision about the stimulus.
ANSWER: d
5. The main point of the Donders's reaction time experiments was to
a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately.
b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
c. determine differences in the way people react to stimuli.
d. show that our cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
6. In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a
light, they were engaged in a
a. sensory memory task.
b. simple reaction time task.
c. choice reaction time task.
d. classical conditioning task.
,ANSWER: b
7. Reaction time refers to the time between the _______ of a stimulus and a person's response to it.
a. sensation
b. transduction
c. change in intensity
d. presentation
ANSWER: d
8. In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left
was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in a
a. memory recall task.
b. simple reaction time task.
c. choice reaction time task.
d. operant conditioning task.
ANSWER: c
9. How is the term mind used in this statement: “If you put your mind to it, I’m sure you can solve that math problem”?
a. The mind as involved in memory
b. The mind as problem solver
c. The mind as used to make decisions or consider possibilities
d. The mind as valuable, something that should be used
ANSWER: b
10. In Donders's research on human decision making, he found that it took ____________ to decide which of two buttons
to push in response to a stimulus.
a. less than one second
b. between one and two seconds
c. two to five seconds
d. more than five seconds
ANSWER: a
11. The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be
a. measured directly.
b. inferred from the participant's behavior.
c. measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant's response.
d. measured by comparing responses among different participants.
ANSWER: b
12. The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.
a. physiological response and the behavioral outcome
b. cognitive task and the behavioral outcome
c. cognitive task and the physiological response
d. cognitive task and the mental response
, ANSWER: d
13. How is the term mind used in this statement: “When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out
of his mind”?
a. The mind as involved in memory
b. The mind as problem solver
c. The mind as a healthy mind being associated with normal functioning, a nonfunctioning mind with abnormal
functioning.
d. The mind as valuable, something that should be used
ANSWER: c
14. According to Ebbinghaus's research on memory, savings is a function of
a. word familiarity.
b. sensory modality.
c. elapsed time.
d. reaction time.
ANSWER: c
15. Ebbinghaus's "memory" experiments were important because they
a. described complex decision making.
b. plotted functions that described the operation of the mind.
c. were the first to combine basic elements of experience called sensations.
d. showed how positive reinforcers strengthen behavior.
ANSWER: b
16. Consider the following definition of the mind: The mind is a system that creates representations of the world so that
we can act within it to achieve our goals. Which element of the mind does this definition emphasize?
a. Functioning and survival
b. Attention
c. Routine
d. Cognition
ANSWER: a
17. With which of the following sentences would the author disagree?
a. The mind creates and controls mental processes such as language and emotions.
b. The mind can create representations of the world.
c. The mind is a problem solver.
d. We can consider the mind extraordinary if it is used for extraordinary purposes.
ANSWER: d
18. Which of the following methods, often associated with structuralism, was used in the psychology laboratory
established by Wilhelm Wundt?
a. Analytic introspection
b. Measuring reaction times
c. Operant conditioning
