CBCC-KA EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Define: Fixed Interval Schedule - Correct Answers -Provide a reinforcer the first time the
target behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - Correct Answers -Fixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - Correct Answers -With FR5, you
reinforce every fifth event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - Correct Answers -The behaviour is
reinofrced only when it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - Correct Answers -Variable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with the
interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a limited
hold schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an
unpredictable period of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in
soccer, which has a nearly 0-second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a
circle and one touch the ball to another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly blow
the whistle to say the drill is over, whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player has the
ball in their possession must do oneman-maker. This is a response that makes the
players practice their one-touch passessince they do not want to be stuck with the ball
when the whistle is blown they willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - Correct Answers -Fixed Duration Schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - Correct Answers -Variable duration schedule
,Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
What are the drawbacks to flooding? - Correct Answers -The therapy is necessarily
anxiety producing and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - Correct Answers -Exposure to stimuli until no response occurs
What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - Correct Answers -You are
identifying situations that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting
to the most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - Correct Answers -Joseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - Correct Answers -Any form of counter conditioning
training that reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - Correct Answers -The response to the conditioned
stimulus following learning
Define: Counterconditioning - Correct Answers -The use of Pavlovian conditioning to
undo the adverse effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - Correct Answers -Any response that does not
require learning
Define: Conditioned Stimulus - Correct Answers -Any stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - Correct Answers -A stimulus that elicits a response
but that does not need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - Correct Answers -Any form of counterconditioning that
reduces an inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity of
response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend
pops out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one
being exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - Correct Answers -The application of an aversive stimulus
when paired with a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
, What are the rules for counterconditioning? - Correct Answers -1. Define the target
behaviour2. Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor
results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - Correct Answers -It
might be dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - Correct Answers -1. Encourage
the person whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the
intervention2. Avoid aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the
planned intervention4. Monitor the results
What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - Correct
Answers -With fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour,
while with fixed interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time
in order to earn the reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - Correct Answers -Intervention procedures that increase
the likelihood that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is
ended
Define: Social Contract - Correct Answers -The attempt by society to maintain high
rates of certain behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency
ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - Correct Answers -The reinforcement that you get in
exchange for a token in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - Correct Answers -A form of contingency ontract usually
involving a group of people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - Correct Answers -An agreement between two or more
parties about what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - Correct Answers -Gradually increasing the number of
times a behaviour must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - Correct Answers -A reduction in the rate of target behaviour and
an increase in emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to
reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? -
Correct Answers -The scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement
and the high degree of effort pre-reinforcement
ANSWERS
Define: Fixed Interval Schedule - Correct Answers -Provide a reinforcer the first time the
target behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - Correct Answers -Fixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - Correct Answers -With FR5, you
reinforce every fifth event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - Correct Answers -The behaviour is
reinofrced only when it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - Correct Answers -Variable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with the
interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a limited
hold schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an
unpredictable period of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in
soccer, which has a nearly 0-second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a
circle and one touch the ball to another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly blow
the whistle to say the drill is over, whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player has the
ball in their possession must do oneman-maker. This is a response that makes the
players practice their one-touch passessince they do not want to be stuck with the ball
when the whistle is blown they willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - Correct Answers -Fixed Duration Schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - Correct Answers -Variable duration schedule
,Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
What are the drawbacks to flooding? - Correct Answers -The therapy is necessarily
anxiety producing and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - Correct Answers -Exposure to stimuli until no response occurs
What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - Correct Answers -You are
identifying situations that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting
to the most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - Correct Answers -Joseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - Correct Answers -Any form of counter conditioning
training that reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - Correct Answers -The response to the conditioned
stimulus following learning
Define: Counterconditioning - Correct Answers -The use of Pavlovian conditioning to
undo the adverse effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - Correct Answers -Any response that does not
require learning
Define: Conditioned Stimulus - Correct Answers -Any stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - Correct Answers -A stimulus that elicits a response
but that does not need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - Correct Answers -Any form of counterconditioning that
reduces an inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity of
response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend
pops out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one
being exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - Correct Answers -The application of an aversive stimulus
when paired with a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
, What are the rules for counterconditioning? - Correct Answers -1. Define the target
behaviour2. Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor
results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - Correct Answers -It
might be dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - Correct Answers -1. Encourage
the person whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the
intervention2. Avoid aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the
planned intervention4. Monitor the results
What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - Correct
Answers -With fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour,
while with fixed interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time
in order to earn the reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - Correct Answers -Intervention procedures that increase
the likelihood that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is
ended
Define: Social Contract - Correct Answers -The attempt by society to maintain high
rates of certain behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency
ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - Correct Answers -The reinforcement that you get in
exchange for a token in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - Correct Answers -A form of contingency ontract usually
involving a group of people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - Correct Answers -An agreement between two or more
parties about what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - Correct Answers -Gradually increasing the number of
times a behaviour must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - Correct Answers -A reduction in the rate of target behaviour and
an increase in emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to
reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? -
Correct Answers -The scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement
and the high degree of effort pre-reinforcement
