Biophysical Agents Exam 2 questions with correct answers

Biophysical Agents Exam 2 | | |


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1. What waveform is continuously changing from positive to negative?: AC
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2. How many muscle contractions do you want when stimulating an innervated
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muscle?: 10-20
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3. What is the waveform Biphasic used for?: Pain, muscle re-ed or strengthening
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4. What is monophasic used for?: Wound healing & Edema control
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5. Which form of ES would be best to treat lateral epicondylitis?: Iontophoresis
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6. Which ES is a type of pulsed current?: -Biphasic
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-Monophasic HVPC (High-Volt Pulsed Current) | | | |


7. Which ES is a type of alternating current?: -IFC
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-Premod
-Russian
-Biphasic: Symmetrical & Asymmetrical | | |


8. When applying ES it is always important to consider?: Contraindications,
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precautions and adverse side-effects
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9. Why are there different sizes & shapes of electrodes?: -Different shapes for
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different muscle sizes and to allow for different intensity of current, wounds, etc.
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-Self-adhering single-use or reusable electrodes are composed of flexible conduc- tors
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that are covered with an electrically conductive interface.
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10. What type of ES current would you use for wound healing?: Monophasic
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HPVC
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11. What polarity would you use for an inflamed ulcer or if it presents with
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granulation tissue?: Negative
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12. What modality is contraindicated for someone with a cardiac pacemaker?-
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: estim
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13. What type of ES current would you use for denervated muscle?: DC
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14. When using IFC, how do you place the electrodes?: Intersecting x shape
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current path.Ex.Channel 1 pads would be top left and bottom right channel 2 pads
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would be top right and bottom left.
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15. When treating acute pain, what frequency would you use?: 80-150 hz
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16. What type of ES would be best to treat acute lateral epicondylitis?: Ion-
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tophoresis
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17. What type of ES would be best to treat bil acute LB pain?: IFC
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18. What type of ES would be best to treat weakness of quadricep muscles?-
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: Russian
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19. What can you modify to prevent the patient from fatiguing when using ES for
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muscle reeducation or strengthening?: Intensity
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20. What type of ES would be best to assist in wound healing?: Iontophoresis
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21. Which polarity is lidocaine? Dexamethasone?: Lidocaine - Positive
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Dexamethasone - Negative
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, Biophysical Agents Exam 2 | | |


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22. What is a measure of frequency?: Hz or pps | | | | | | | |


23. What substance administered with iontophoresis can be used to treat
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acute inflamed lateral epicondylitis?: dexamethasone
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24. What should you monitor when delivering iontophoresis?: skin for any
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irritation
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25. What type of ES is considered monophasic pulsed current?: HVPC
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26. When the nerve becomes gradually less responsive to the ES or the patient
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states they can't really feel it, what is this called?: Accommodation
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27. What is an example of the on/off time ratio of 1:3 or 1:5?: 10:30 & 10:50
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28. Electrodes should be placed how many inches apart when using ES for | | | | | | | | | | |


pain control and when using ES for strengthening?: 1+" for pain control, 2+" for
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strengthening
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29. What ES waveform has a polarity that remains constant?: DC
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30. ES depolarizes nerves to produce what?: Action potentials
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31. What could possible cause a burn with ES?: -Placing electrodes over boney
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prominences
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-If electrodes are too small
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-Currents that are always on such as DC and AC | | | | | | | | |


32. What is the purpose of ramp time?: -Used to improve patients comfort when
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electrical currents is used to produce muscle contractions.
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-It allows the patient to adapt to the stimulation as it contracts the muscle
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33. What is quadpolar, monopolar and bipolar?: Monopolar: 2 electrodes of
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different sizes.The smaller electrode is placed over the site to be stimulated.The
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larger (dispersive) electrode is placed elsewhere, generally over a nearby ms belly.
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Used for wounds, iontophoresis, and treatment of edema.
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Bipolar: 2 electrodes of equal sizes.Both are placed over the target area.Used for EMS
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NMES, FES, and spasms.
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Quadpolar:4 Electrodes positioned so that their waves cross.Used for pain control.
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34. What is the maximum current density when using Iontophoresis?: 4mA
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35. How can you increase the depth of penetration with ES?: Lower frequency
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36. What type of current is used with Iontophoresis?: DC
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37. What are the indications for ES?: -Bell's Palsy | | | | | | |


-Decreased ROM |


-Facial neuropathy |


-Fracture
-Idiopathic scoliosis |


-Joint effusion |


-Labor & delivery | |


-Muscle atrophy |




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