CTVA 362: FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
with complete solutions
21st century definition of media literacy - correct answer ✔✔It provides a framework to access,
analyze, evaluate and create messages in a variety of forms—from print to video to the Internet.
It builds an understanding of the role of media in society as well as essential skills of inquiry and
self-expression necessary for citizens of a democracy
Why media literacy is important - correct answer ✔✔• Learning how to use media wisely and
effectively
• Engaging in critical thinking when evaluating media messages
• Being able to evaluate the credibility of information from different sources
• Recognizing the media's influence on beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, and the democratic
process
• Encouraging participatory citizenship
• Achieving greater understanding and appreciating multiple perspectives
• Learning to produce communication and express oneself using different forms of media
What media literacy is not - correct answer ✔✔1. Efficient Information Managers
2. Wise Consumers
3. Responsible Producers
4. Active Participants
Approaches to media education - correct answer ✔✔1. The Protectionist Approach
2. Media Arts Education
3. The Media Literacy Movement
,4. Critical Media Studies
Core concepts of media literacy - correct answer ✔✔1. All Media Messages are "constructed"
(Principle of Non-transparency)
2. Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules
3. Difference people experience the same media messages differently
4. Content and Message
5. Motivation & Political Economy
Ideology, definition and characteristics - correct answer ✔✔Ideology can refer to a system of
beliefs that constitute a general worldview and uphold particular power dynamics.
-Attempts to associate specific connotations with specific words or ideas
-Attempts to make universal and legitimate what is in fact partial and particular; attempts to
pass off what is cultural as natural
-Works to reproduce the social conditions and social relationships necessary for the economic
conditions and relations of capitalism to continue
Hegemony, definition and characteristics - correct answer ✔✔A way to describe people or ideas
that become—and seek to remain—dominant in a society.
-Refers to the ways power can operate in modern society
-Useful in conceptualizing the idea that pop culture has the ability to construct a limited
worldview AND that that worldview belongs to the ruling class
-Dominant ideology becoming embedded in the consciousness of the everyone, including
subordinate groups When we agree with these beliefs and share them, we actively contribute to
their maintenance
Culture v, Pop Culture v. Mass culture - correct answer ✔✔-Culture can refer to a 'general
process of intellectual, spiritual, and aesthetic development'
-Culture can refer to 'a particular way of life, whether of a people, a period, or a group'
, -Culture can refer to 'the works and practices of intellectuals and especially artistic activity'
-Whatever pop culture is, it has emerged out of industrialization and urbanization—it is
intertwined with capitalism.
-Mass culture is a concept tied directly to "mass media"
Encoding/Decoding - correct answer ✔✔An attempt to move beyond the linear model of mass
communication and incorporate ideology and representation into media research
Encoding = production side
Decoding = consumer side
How we know what we know (2 ways) - correct answer ✔✔Somatically: first-hand experience
Symbolically: second-hand experience; through people or media
-The vast majority of what we know is mediated, or learned symbolically
Four sub-categories of mass media - correct answer ✔✔1. Print media
2. Motion picture and sound recording
3. Broadcast media
4. New media
Key words of critical media studies - correct answer ✔✔1. Convergence = the tendency of
formerly diverse media to share a common, integrated platform
2. Mobility = the ease with which an object can be moved from place to place (thanks to
microprocessors and wireless technology)
3. Fragmentation = a splintering of the former mass audience into specialized taste cultures
which results in an explosion of media content
4. Globalization = physical boundaries and structural policies are collapsing in favor of
instantaneous and flexible worldwide social relations
with complete solutions
21st century definition of media literacy - correct answer ✔✔It provides a framework to access,
analyze, evaluate and create messages in a variety of forms—from print to video to the Internet.
It builds an understanding of the role of media in society as well as essential skills of inquiry and
self-expression necessary for citizens of a democracy
Why media literacy is important - correct answer ✔✔• Learning how to use media wisely and
effectively
• Engaging in critical thinking when evaluating media messages
• Being able to evaluate the credibility of information from different sources
• Recognizing the media's influence on beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, and the democratic
process
• Encouraging participatory citizenship
• Achieving greater understanding and appreciating multiple perspectives
• Learning to produce communication and express oneself using different forms of media
What media literacy is not - correct answer ✔✔1. Efficient Information Managers
2. Wise Consumers
3. Responsible Producers
4. Active Participants
Approaches to media education - correct answer ✔✔1. The Protectionist Approach
2. Media Arts Education
3. The Media Literacy Movement
,4. Critical Media Studies
Core concepts of media literacy - correct answer ✔✔1. All Media Messages are "constructed"
(Principle of Non-transparency)
2. Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules
3. Difference people experience the same media messages differently
4. Content and Message
5. Motivation & Political Economy
Ideology, definition and characteristics - correct answer ✔✔Ideology can refer to a system of
beliefs that constitute a general worldview and uphold particular power dynamics.
-Attempts to associate specific connotations with specific words or ideas
-Attempts to make universal and legitimate what is in fact partial and particular; attempts to
pass off what is cultural as natural
-Works to reproduce the social conditions and social relationships necessary for the economic
conditions and relations of capitalism to continue
Hegemony, definition and characteristics - correct answer ✔✔A way to describe people or ideas
that become—and seek to remain—dominant in a society.
-Refers to the ways power can operate in modern society
-Useful in conceptualizing the idea that pop culture has the ability to construct a limited
worldview AND that that worldview belongs to the ruling class
-Dominant ideology becoming embedded in the consciousness of the everyone, including
subordinate groups When we agree with these beliefs and share them, we actively contribute to
their maintenance
Culture v, Pop Culture v. Mass culture - correct answer ✔✔-Culture can refer to a 'general
process of intellectual, spiritual, and aesthetic development'
-Culture can refer to 'a particular way of life, whether of a people, a period, or a group'
, -Culture can refer to 'the works and practices of intellectuals and especially artistic activity'
-Whatever pop culture is, it has emerged out of industrialization and urbanization—it is
intertwined with capitalism.
-Mass culture is a concept tied directly to "mass media"
Encoding/Decoding - correct answer ✔✔An attempt to move beyond the linear model of mass
communication and incorporate ideology and representation into media research
Encoding = production side
Decoding = consumer side
How we know what we know (2 ways) - correct answer ✔✔Somatically: first-hand experience
Symbolically: second-hand experience; through people or media
-The vast majority of what we know is mediated, or learned symbolically
Four sub-categories of mass media - correct answer ✔✔1. Print media
2. Motion picture and sound recording
3. Broadcast media
4. New media
Key words of critical media studies - correct answer ✔✔1. Convergence = the tendency of
formerly diverse media to share a common, integrated platform
2. Mobility = the ease with which an object can be moved from place to place (thanks to
microprocessors and wireless technology)
3. Fragmentation = a splintering of the former mass audience into specialized taste cultures
which results in an explosion of media content
4. Globalization = physical boundaries and structural policies are collapsing in favor of
instantaneous and flexible worldwide social relations
