MEDSURG RN ATI PROCTORED EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
Manifestations of fecal impaction - CORRECT ANSWER - constipation, gas, flatulence, urge to
void but no output, fecal smears, no bowel movement
When doing digital rectal maneuvers WOF - CORRECT ANSWER - vasovagal symptoms like
bradycardia, dizziness, and syncope
Nutrition for immunocompromised pt. - CORRECT ANSWER - -increase vitamin c
-no raw fruits, or veggies, or uncooked food
-take antacids 2 hours prior or after medications
Nutrition for chemotherapy pt. - CORRECT ANSWER - -increase protein
-small frequent meals
-anti nausea meds ATC
-serve food cold to reduce nausea
Nutrition for pt. with cardiovascular disease - CORRECT ANSWER - -DASH diet (for weight loss
and prevention of cardiovascular disease)
-increase calcium, potassium
-limit sodium to <2,000 mg/day, low salt diet
-Limit fluid intake
Nutrition for COPD - CORRECT ANSWER - -small frequent meals
-mechanical soft diet, if SOB
,-increase calories
-manuever the nasal cannula to allow the pt. to eat
Sources of fiber - CORRECT ANSWER - plant based, green leafy veggies
**avoid fiber such as potatoes, cereals, and starches
Teaching about managing constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - -increase fiber, fluid and activity
-take antihypothyroid medications
Nutrition for crowns disease - CORRECT ANSWER - -high protein, high calorie, low fiber
-avoid alcohol, coffee
-increase vitamin and iron supplementation
***help identify foods that trigger symptoms
TPN for crohns disease - CORRECT ANSWER - is done to replace nutrition loss
***pt. will be NPO if the bowel is inflamed
What is Crohn's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by
abdominal pain/cramping often in right lower quadrant
s/s of crohns disease - CORRECT ANSWER - fever, anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea, high pitched
bowel sounds, steatorrhea
What is skeletal traction? - CORRECT ANSWER - traction that uses pulling force to
promote/maintain alignment of the injured area
,What should be included in the traction prescription? - CORRECT ANSWER - type of traction,
amount of weight, and whether the traction can be removed for nursing care
How often do you check for neuromuscular status for pt. with a traction? - CORRECT ANSWER -
every hour for 24 hours and every 4 hours after
Nursing care for skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER - avoid lifting or removing weights, ensure
weights hang freely, notify DR if weights are displaced, ensure no knots, fraying, loosening and
improper positioning every 8-12 hours
Interventions for skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER - -may use heat or massage as prescribed
to treat muscle spasms
-theraputic touch and relaxation techniques
-PIN SITE CARE AT LEAST 1-2X/DAY (CHLORHEXIDINE USUALLY USED)
-ONE COTTON SWAB IS DESIGNATED FOR EACH PIN
pain management for pt. in bucks traction - CORRECT ANSWER - -muscle relaxant is used to
relieve muscle spasms
-analgesics, or opioids to control pain
-NSAIDS for inflammation
-stool softener for constipation
How often do you monitor neurovascular status for a cast? - CORRECT ANSWER - -every hour
for the first 24 hours and asses pain
promoting comfort for a pt. with a cast - CORRECT ANSWER - -Use cloth pillow instead of plastic
while the cast is drying
-allow on finger between skin and cast
, -handle plaster cast with palms and not fingers
Teachings for a cast - CORRECT ANSWER - - do not place any foreign objects into cast
-if itching= hair drying on cool setting
What is the position to prevent aspiration for a client with dysphagia? - CORRECT ANSWER - -
high fowlers
teaching for dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER - -add thickness to liquids
-place the spoon on the strong side
-mechanical soft diet
-speech pathologist for swallowing
-give the pt. enough time to chew
For short term dysphagia provide - CORRECT ANSWER - NGT
**do not use syringe to feed
for chronic dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER - consider a g-tube placement
What is the DASH diet? - CORRECT ANSWER - low salt
low fat
high potassium
high calcium
When is DASH diet used? - CORRECT ANSWER - in cardiovascular pt. and for weight loss
DETAILED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
Manifestations of fecal impaction - CORRECT ANSWER - constipation, gas, flatulence, urge to
void but no output, fecal smears, no bowel movement
When doing digital rectal maneuvers WOF - CORRECT ANSWER - vasovagal symptoms like
bradycardia, dizziness, and syncope
Nutrition for immunocompromised pt. - CORRECT ANSWER - -increase vitamin c
-no raw fruits, or veggies, or uncooked food
-take antacids 2 hours prior or after medications
Nutrition for chemotherapy pt. - CORRECT ANSWER - -increase protein
-small frequent meals
-anti nausea meds ATC
-serve food cold to reduce nausea
Nutrition for pt. with cardiovascular disease - CORRECT ANSWER - -DASH diet (for weight loss
and prevention of cardiovascular disease)
-increase calcium, potassium
-limit sodium to <2,000 mg/day, low salt diet
-Limit fluid intake
Nutrition for COPD - CORRECT ANSWER - -small frequent meals
-mechanical soft diet, if SOB
,-increase calories
-manuever the nasal cannula to allow the pt. to eat
Sources of fiber - CORRECT ANSWER - plant based, green leafy veggies
**avoid fiber such as potatoes, cereals, and starches
Teaching about managing constipation - CORRECT ANSWER - -increase fiber, fluid and activity
-take antihypothyroid medications
Nutrition for crowns disease - CORRECT ANSWER - -high protein, high calorie, low fiber
-avoid alcohol, coffee
-increase vitamin and iron supplementation
***help identify foods that trigger symptoms
TPN for crohns disease - CORRECT ANSWER - is done to replace nutrition loss
***pt. will be NPO if the bowel is inflamed
What is Crohn's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by
abdominal pain/cramping often in right lower quadrant
s/s of crohns disease - CORRECT ANSWER - fever, anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea, high pitched
bowel sounds, steatorrhea
What is skeletal traction? - CORRECT ANSWER - traction that uses pulling force to
promote/maintain alignment of the injured area
,What should be included in the traction prescription? - CORRECT ANSWER - type of traction,
amount of weight, and whether the traction can be removed for nursing care
How often do you check for neuromuscular status for pt. with a traction? - CORRECT ANSWER -
every hour for 24 hours and every 4 hours after
Nursing care for skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER - avoid lifting or removing weights, ensure
weights hang freely, notify DR if weights are displaced, ensure no knots, fraying, loosening and
improper positioning every 8-12 hours
Interventions for skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER - -may use heat or massage as prescribed
to treat muscle spasms
-theraputic touch and relaxation techniques
-PIN SITE CARE AT LEAST 1-2X/DAY (CHLORHEXIDINE USUALLY USED)
-ONE COTTON SWAB IS DESIGNATED FOR EACH PIN
pain management for pt. in bucks traction - CORRECT ANSWER - -muscle relaxant is used to
relieve muscle spasms
-analgesics, or opioids to control pain
-NSAIDS for inflammation
-stool softener for constipation
How often do you monitor neurovascular status for a cast? - CORRECT ANSWER - -every hour
for the first 24 hours and asses pain
promoting comfort for a pt. with a cast - CORRECT ANSWER - -Use cloth pillow instead of plastic
while the cast is drying
-allow on finger between skin and cast
, -handle plaster cast with palms and not fingers
Teachings for a cast - CORRECT ANSWER - - do not place any foreign objects into cast
-if itching= hair drying on cool setting
What is the position to prevent aspiration for a client with dysphagia? - CORRECT ANSWER - -
high fowlers
teaching for dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER - -add thickness to liquids
-place the spoon on the strong side
-mechanical soft diet
-speech pathologist for swallowing
-give the pt. enough time to chew
For short term dysphagia provide - CORRECT ANSWER - NGT
**do not use syringe to feed
for chronic dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER - consider a g-tube placement
What is the DASH diet? - CORRECT ANSWER - low salt
low fat
high potassium
high calcium
When is DASH diet used? - CORRECT ANSWER - in cardiovascular pt. and for weight loss
