TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-2025
COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
AccordingKtoKnewtonsKlawKwhichKofKtheseKtwoKforceKisKgreater:KsizeKorKforce?K-
KANSNeither.KForKeachKforceKthereKisKanKequalKandKoppositeKreaction.
DefineKCushing'sKtriadK-
KANSBradycardia,KprogressiveKhypertensionK(wideningKpulseKpressure),KandKdecreasedK
respiratoryKeffort
DefineKtheKcharacteristicsKofKneurogenicKshockK-
KANSDistributiveKshockKwithKaKT6KorKhigherKinjuryKresultsKandKvasodilation,Kbradycardia,Kf
lushedKwarmKdryKskin.KRiskKforKtemperatureKinstability.KNursingKinterventionsKincludeKmai
ntainingKwarmthKandKspinalKstabilization.
DefineKtheKcharacteristicsKofKspinalKshockK-
KANSTransientKlossKofKfunctionKcanKincludeKlossKofKreflexesKandKmuscleKtoneKbelowKtheKle
velKofKindustryKwithKpossibleKvascularKresponse.
DescribeKoneKfatKembolismKsyndromeKisKmostKlikelyKtoKoccurKinKitsKcharacteristicsK-
KANSWithKlongformKfractures.KTachycardia,KThrombocytopenia,KandKpetechiaeKrash.
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKcardiogenicKshockK-
KANSCardiogenicKshockKresultsKfromKpumpKfailureKinKtheKpresenceKofKadequateKintravasc
ularKvolume.KLackKofKcardiacKoutputKandKanKorganKperfusionKoccursKsecondaryKtoKaKdecr
easeKinKmyocardialKcontractilityKandKorKvalvularKinsufficiency.KThisKcanKhappenKwithKbluntK
cardiacKtraumaKorKanKMI.KSymptomsKcanKincludeKlowKbloodKpressureKincreaseKheartKrateK
andKrespiratoryKrateKchestKpainKshortnessKofKbreathKdysrhythmiasKincreaseKtroponinKandK
paleKcoolKmoistKskin
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKdistributiveKshock.K-
KANSDistributiveKshockKoccursKasKaKresultKofKMelKdistributionKofKanKadequateKcirculatingK
bloodKvolumeKwithKtheKlossKofKvascularKtoneKorKincreasedKpermeability.KThisKcanKoccurKwi
thKspinalKcordKinjuries,Ksepsis,KorKanaphylaxis.KSymptomsKincludeKlowKbloodKpressureKhe
artKrateKrespiratoryKrateKpreloadKandKafterload,KspinalKtenderness,KdifficultyKbreathing,Kw
armKpinkKandKdryKskinKwithKaKcoolKcoreKtemperature.
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKhypovolemicKshockK-
KANSHypovolemiaKisKcausedKbyKaKdecreaseKinKtheKamountKofKcirculatingKvolumeKusuallyK
causedKbyKmassiveKbleeding,KbutKalsoKcanKbeKfromKvomitingKandKdiarrhea.KCharacteristic
sKincludeKlowKbloodKpressureKandKpreload,KincreaseKheartKrateKrespiratoryKrateKandKafterlo
ad,KwithKcontractilityKunchanged.KSignsKincludeKobviousKbleeding,KweakKperipheralKpulse
s,KpaleKcoolKandKmoistKskin,KdistendedKabdomen,KpelvicKfracture,KorKbruiseKswollenKandKd
eformedKextremitiesKespeciallyKlongKbones.
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKobstructiveKshockK-
KANSObstructiveKshockKisKitKmechanicalKproblem KthatKresultsKfromKhypoperfusionKofKtheKti
ssueKdueKtoKanKobstructionKinKeitherKtheKvasculatureKorKtheKheartKresultingKinKdecreasedK
cardiacKoutput.KSome
,TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-
2025KCOMPLETEK200KQUESTIONSKANDKCORRECTKDETAILEDKANSWERSKWITHKRATIONA
LESK(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
causesKincludeKaKtensionKpneumothorax,KcardiacKtamponade,KorKvenousKairKembolismKon
KtheKrightKsideKofKtheKheartKduringKsystoleKinKtheKpulmonaryKartery.SignsKincludeKanxiety,K
muffledKheartKsounds,KJVD,Khypertension,KchestKpain,KdifficultyKbreathing,KorKpulsesKpara
doxes.
DescribeKtheKfourKtypesKofKspinalKcordKinjuryK-
KANSCentralKcordKinjuryKresultsKinKgreaterKweaknessKdistally,KanteriorKinjuryKincludesKmot
orKlossKorKweaknessKbelowKtheKcordKlevelKofKinjuryKyetKsensoryKisKintact,KBrown-
SequardK(hemicord)KisKweakKonKoneKsideKwithKsensoryKdeficitKonKoppositeKside,Kposterior
KcordKsyndromeKalthoughKrareKisKwhenKtheKpatientKisKunableKtoKuseKsenseKvibrationKinKpr
oprioception
DescribeKtheKmeasurementKofKanKNPAK-
KANSMeasureKfromKtheKtipKofKtheKpatient'sKnoseKtoKtheKtipKofKtheKpatientsKearlobe.
DifferentiateKbetweenKtheKthreeKimpactsKofKmotorKvehicleKimpactKsequence.K-
KANSTheKfirstKimpactKoccursKwhenKtheKvehicleKcollidedKwithKanotherKobject.KTheKsecond
KimpactKoccursKafterKtheKinitialKimpactKwhenKtheKoccupantKcontinuesKtoKmoveKinKtheKorigi
nalKdirectionKofKtravelKuntilKtheyKcollideKwithKtheKinteriorKofKtheKvehicleKorKmeetKresistance
.KTheKthirdKimpactKoccursKwhenKinternalKstructuresKcollideKwithinKtheKbodyKcavity.
MeasurementKofKanKOPAK-
KANSPlaceKtheKproximalKendKorKflangeKofKtheKairwayKadjunctKatKtheKcornerKofKtheKmouthKto
KtheKtipKofKtheKmandibularKangle.
NameKtheKthreeKwaysKtoKconfirmKETTKplacementK-
KANSPlacementKofKaKCO2KmonitoringKdevice,KAssessingKforKequalKchestKriseKandKfall,Kan
dKlisteningKatKtheKepigastriumKandKfourKlungKfieldsKforKequalKbreathKsounds.
TrueKorKfalse:KNPAsKandKOPAsKareKdefinitiveKairways.K-
KANSFalse.KWhenKplacingKoneKofKthese?KOneKshouldKconsiderKtheKpotentialKneedKforKaKd
efinitiveKairway.
WhatKareKcontributingKfactorsKtoKinjuriesKrelatedKtoKbluntKtraumas?K-
KANSTheKpointKofKimpactKonKtheKpatient'sKbody,KtheKtypeKofKsurfaceKthatKisKhit,KtheKtissuesK
abilityKtoKresistK(boneKversusKsoftKtissue,Kair-
filledKversusKsolidKorgans),KandKtheKtrajectoryKofKforce.
WhatKareKtheKearlyKsignsKofKincreasedKIntracranialKpressureK-
KANSheadache,Kvomiting,KbehavioralKchangesKthatKbeginKwithKrestlessnessKandKmayKpro
gressKtoKconfusion,Kdrowsiness,KorKimpairedKjudgment
WhatKareKtheKfourKtypesKofKshock?K-
KANSHypovolemic,KCardiogenic,KObstructive,K&KDistributive
WhatKareKtheKfourKtypesKofKtraumaKrelatedKinjuries?K-
KANSBlunt,Kpenetrating,Kthermal,KorKblast.
,TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-
2025KCOMPLETEK200KQUESTIONSKANDKCORRECTKDETAILEDKANSWERSKWITHKRATIONA
LESK(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
WhatKareKtheKgreatestKrisksKforKtransport?K-
KANSLossKofKairwayKpatency,KdisplacedKobstructiveKtubesKlinesKorKcatheters,KdislodgeKspl
intingKdevices,KneedKtoKreplaceKorKreinforceKdressings,KdeteriorationKinKpatientKstatusKcha
ngeKinKvitalKsignsKorKlevelKofKconsciousness,KinjuryKtoKtheKpatientKand/orKteamKmembers
WhatKareKtheKlateKsignsKofKIncreasedKintracranialKpressureK-KANSdilated,Knon-
reactiveKpupil(s);KabnormalKmotorKposturingK(flexion,Kextension,Kflaccidity);KCushing'sKtria
d,KUnresponsiveKtoKperKverbalKandKpainfulKstimuli,KbradycardiaKandKdecreasedKrespiratory
Keffort
WhatKareKtheKsevenKpatternsKofKpathwayKinjuriesKrelatedKtoKmotorKvehicleKaccidents?K-
KANSUpKandKover,KdownKandKunder,Klateral,Krotational,Krear,KrollKover,KandKejection.
WhatKareKtheKsignsKandKsymptomsKofKdecompensatedKshock?K-
KANSDecreasedKlevelKofKconsciousness,Khypertension,KnarrowKpulseKpressure,Ktachycar
diaKwithKweakKpulses,Ktachypnea,KskinKthatKisKcoolKclammyKandKcyanotic,KbaseKaccessKou
tsideKtheKnormalKrange,KandKserumKlactateKlevelsKgreaterKthanKtwoKtoK4MMOL/L.
WhatKareKtheKsignsKandKsymptomsKofKirreversibleKshock?K-
KANSObtundedKstuporousKorKcomatoseKstate,KmarkedKhypertensionKandKheartKfailure,Kbr
adycardiaKwithKpossibleKdysrhythmias,KdecreasedKandKshallowKrespiratoryKrate,KpaleKcool
KandKclammyKskin,KkidneyKliverKandKotherKorganKfailure,KsevereKacidosis,KelevatedKlacticKa
cidKlevels,KworseningKbaseKaccessKonKABGs,KcoagulopathiesKwithKpetechiaeKpurpuraKorK
bleeding.
WhatKareKtheKsignsKofKcompensatedKshock?K-
KANSAnxiety,Kconfusion,Krestlessness,KincreasedKrespiratoryKrate,KnarrowingKpulseKpres
sureKwereKdiastolicKincreasesKyetKsystolicKremainsKunchanged,KtachycardiaKwithKboundin
gKpulses,KandKdecreasedKurinaryKoutput
WhatKareKtheKsymptomsKofKaKsubduralKhematoma?K-
KANSDecreasedKLOC,KnauseaKvomitingKheadacheKandKipsilateralKpupillaryKchanges
WhatKareKtheKthreeKfactorsKthatKcontributeKtoKtheKdamageKcausedKbyKpenetratingKtrauma'
s?K-
KANSTheKpointKofKimpact,KtheKvelocityKandKspeedKofKimpact,KandKtheKproximityKtoKtheKobje
ct.
WhatKareKtheKthreeKprocessesKthatKtransferKoxygenKfromKtheKairKtoKtheKlungsKandKbloodKst
reamK-
KANSVentilation:KtheKactiveKmechanicalKmovementKofKairKintoKandKoutKofKtheKlungs;Kdiffusi
on:KtheKpassiveKmovementKofKgasesKfromKanKareaKofKhigherKconcentrationKtoKanKareaKofKlo
werKconcentration;KandKperfusion:KtheKmovementKofKbloodKtoKandKfromKtheKlungsKasKaKdel
iveryKmediumKofKoxygenKtoKtheKentireKbody.
WhatKareKtheKthreeKstagesKofKshockK-
KANSCompensated,KdecompensatedKorKprogressive,KandKirreversible.
, TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-
2025KCOMPLETEK200KQUESTIONSKANDKCORRECTKDETAILEDKANSWERSKWITHKRATIONA
LESK(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
WhatKareKtheKtreatmentKgoalsKforKaKTBI?K-
KANSO2KsaturationK>KorKequalKtoK95%,KsystolicKbloodKpressureK>KorKequalKtoK100KMMHG,
KICPK<K15KMMHG,KCPPK>KorKequalKtoK60KMMHG,KnormalKglycemia,KhemoglobinK>KorKequ
alKtoK7Kg/DL,KsodiumK135-145,KosmoticKdiuretics,Kanti-
emetics,Ksedatives,Kanticonvulsants,KheadKofKbedKatK30°,KandKneckKatKmidline
WhatKcausesKquarternaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSAllKexplosionKrelatedKinjuries,Killnesses,KorKdiseasesKnotKdueKtoKtheKfirstKthreeKmech
anisms.KInjuriesKincludeKexternalKandKinternalKburns,KcrushKinjuries,KclosedKandKopenKbrai
nKinjuries,KasthmaticKorKbreathingKproblemsKfromKdustKsmokeKorKtoxicKfumes,Kangina,KorK
hyperKglycemiaKandKhypertension.
WhatKcausesKquinaryKeffectsKofKblastsKtraumas?K-
KANSThoseKassociatedKwithKexposureKtoKhazardousKmaterialsKfromKradioactive,Kbiologic,
KorKchemicalKcomponentsKofKaKblast.KInjuriesKincludeKaKvarietyKofKhealthKeffectsKdependin
gKonKagent.
WhatKcausesKtheKprimaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSTheKdirectKblastKeffects.KTypesKofKinjuriesKincludeKlastKlong,KtympanicKmembraneKru
ptureKandKmiddleKearKdamage,KabdominalKhemorrhageKandKperforation,KglobalKrupture,K
mildKTrumaticKbrainKinjury.
WhatKcausesKtheKsecondaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSProjectilesKpropelledKbyKtheKexplosion.KInjuriesKincludeKpenetratingKorKbluntKinjuriesK
orKIKpenetration.
WhatKcausesKtheKtertiaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSResultsKfromKindividualsKbeingKthrownKbyKtheKblastKwind.KInjuriesKincludeKholeKorKpar
tialKbodyKtranslocationKfromKbeingKthrownKagainstKaKhardKservice:KbluntKorKpenetratingKtra
uma's,Kfractures,KtraumaticKamputations.
WhatKisKaKtrademarkKsymptomKofKanKepiduralKhematomaK-
KANSLossKofKconsciousnessKthenKawakeKandKalertKthenKlossKofKconsciousness
WhatKisKbending?K-
KANSLoadingKaboutKanKaxis.KBendingKcausesKcompressionKonKtheKsideKtheKpersonKisKbe
ndingKtowardKintentionKtoKtheKoppositeKside
WhatKisKcombinedKloading?K-
KANSAnyKcombinationKofKtensionKcompressionKtorsionKbendingKand/orKshear.
WhatKisKcompression?K-KANSCrushingKbyKsqueezingKtogether
WhatKisKCullen'sKsignKandKitsKsignificance?K-
KANSCullensKsignKisKperiumbilicalKbruisingKandKisKindicativeKofKintraperitonealKbleeding
WhatKisKshearing?K-
KANSDamageKbyKtearingKorKbendingKbyKexertingKfaucetKdifferentKpartsKinKoppositeKdirectio
nsKatKtheKsameKtime.
COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
AccordingKtoKnewtonsKlawKwhichKofKtheseKtwoKforceKisKgreater:KsizeKorKforce?K-
KANSNeither.KForKeachKforceKthereKisKanKequalKandKoppositeKreaction.
DefineKCushing'sKtriadK-
KANSBradycardia,KprogressiveKhypertensionK(wideningKpulseKpressure),KandKdecreasedK
respiratoryKeffort
DefineKtheKcharacteristicsKofKneurogenicKshockK-
KANSDistributiveKshockKwithKaKT6KorKhigherKinjuryKresultsKandKvasodilation,Kbradycardia,Kf
lushedKwarmKdryKskin.KRiskKforKtemperatureKinstability.KNursingKinterventionsKincludeKmai
ntainingKwarmthKandKspinalKstabilization.
DefineKtheKcharacteristicsKofKspinalKshockK-
KANSTransientKlossKofKfunctionKcanKincludeKlossKofKreflexesKandKmuscleKtoneKbelowKtheKle
velKofKindustryKwithKpossibleKvascularKresponse.
DescribeKoneKfatKembolismKsyndromeKisKmostKlikelyKtoKoccurKinKitsKcharacteristicsK-
KANSWithKlongformKfractures.KTachycardia,KThrombocytopenia,KandKpetechiaeKrash.
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKcardiogenicKshockK-
KANSCardiogenicKshockKresultsKfromKpumpKfailureKinKtheKpresenceKofKadequateKintravasc
ularKvolume.KLackKofKcardiacKoutputKandKanKorganKperfusionKoccursKsecondaryKtoKaKdecr
easeKinKmyocardialKcontractilityKandKorKvalvularKinsufficiency.KThisKcanKhappenKwithKbluntK
cardiacKtraumaKorKanKMI.KSymptomsKcanKincludeKlowKbloodKpressureKincreaseKheartKrateK
andKrespiratoryKrateKchestKpainKshortnessKofKbreathKdysrhythmiasKincreaseKtroponinKandK
paleKcoolKmoistKskin
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKdistributiveKshock.K-
KANSDistributiveKshockKoccursKasKaKresultKofKMelKdistributionKofKanKadequateKcirculatingK
bloodKvolumeKwithKtheKlossKofKvascularKtoneKorKincreasedKpermeability.KThisKcanKoccurKwi
thKspinalKcordKinjuries,Ksepsis,KorKanaphylaxis.KSymptomsKincludeKlowKbloodKpressureKhe
artKrateKrespiratoryKrateKpreloadKandKafterload,KspinalKtenderness,KdifficultyKbreathing,Kw
armKpinkKandKdryKskinKwithKaKcoolKcoreKtemperature.
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKhypovolemicKshockK-
KANSHypovolemiaKisKcausedKbyKaKdecreaseKinKtheKamountKofKcirculatingKvolumeKusuallyK
causedKbyKmassiveKbleeding,KbutKalsoKcanKbeKfromKvomitingKandKdiarrhea.KCharacteristic
sKincludeKlowKbloodKpressureKandKpreload,KincreaseKheartKrateKrespiratoryKrateKandKafterlo
ad,KwithKcontractilityKunchanged.KSignsKincludeKobviousKbleeding,KweakKperipheralKpulse
s,KpaleKcoolKandKmoistKskin,KdistendedKabdomen,KpelvicKfracture,KorKbruiseKswollenKandKd
eformedKextremitiesKespeciallyKlongKbones.
DescribeKtheKcharacteristicsKofKobstructiveKshockK-
KANSObstructiveKshockKisKitKmechanicalKproblem KthatKresultsKfromKhypoperfusionKofKtheKti
ssueKdueKtoKanKobstructionKinKeitherKtheKvasculatureKorKtheKheartKresultingKinKdecreasedK
cardiacKoutput.KSome
,TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-
2025KCOMPLETEK200KQUESTIONSKANDKCORRECTKDETAILEDKANSWERSKWITHKRATIONA
LESK(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
causesKincludeKaKtensionKpneumothorax,KcardiacKtamponade,KorKvenousKairKembolismKon
KtheKrightKsideKofKtheKheartKduringKsystoleKinKtheKpulmonaryKartery.SignsKincludeKanxiety,K
muffledKheartKsounds,KJVD,Khypertension,KchestKpain,KdifficultyKbreathing,KorKpulsesKpara
doxes.
DescribeKtheKfourKtypesKofKspinalKcordKinjuryK-
KANSCentralKcordKinjuryKresultsKinKgreaterKweaknessKdistally,KanteriorKinjuryKincludesKmot
orKlossKorKweaknessKbelowKtheKcordKlevelKofKinjuryKyetKsensoryKisKintact,KBrown-
SequardK(hemicord)KisKweakKonKoneKsideKwithKsensoryKdeficitKonKoppositeKside,Kposterior
KcordKsyndromeKalthoughKrareKisKwhenKtheKpatientKisKunableKtoKuseKsenseKvibrationKinKpr
oprioception
DescribeKtheKmeasurementKofKanKNPAK-
KANSMeasureKfromKtheKtipKofKtheKpatient'sKnoseKtoKtheKtipKofKtheKpatientsKearlobe.
DifferentiateKbetweenKtheKthreeKimpactsKofKmotorKvehicleKimpactKsequence.K-
KANSTheKfirstKimpactKoccursKwhenKtheKvehicleKcollidedKwithKanotherKobject.KTheKsecond
KimpactKoccursKafterKtheKinitialKimpactKwhenKtheKoccupantKcontinuesKtoKmoveKinKtheKorigi
nalKdirectionKofKtravelKuntilKtheyKcollideKwithKtheKinteriorKofKtheKvehicleKorKmeetKresistance
.KTheKthirdKimpactKoccursKwhenKinternalKstructuresKcollideKwithinKtheKbodyKcavity.
MeasurementKofKanKOPAK-
KANSPlaceKtheKproximalKendKorKflangeKofKtheKairwayKadjunctKatKtheKcornerKofKtheKmouthKto
KtheKtipKofKtheKmandibularKangle.
NameKtheKthreeKwaysKtoKconfirmKETTKplacementK-
KANSPlacementKofKaKCO2KmonitoringKdevice,KAssessingKforKequalKchestKriseKandKfall,Kan
dKlisteningKatKtheKepigastriumKandKfourKlungKfieldsKforKequalKbreathKsounds.
TrueKorKfalse:KNPAsKandKOPAsKareKdefinitiveKairways.K-
KANSFalse.KWhenKplacingKoneKofKthese?KOneKshouldKconsiderKtheKpotentialKneedKforKaKd
efinitiveKairway.
WhatKareKcontributingKfactorsKtoKinjuriesKrelatedKtoKbluntKtraumas?K-
KANSTheKpointKofKimpactKonKtheKpatient'sKbody,KtheKtypeKofKsurfaceKthatKisKhit,KtheKtissuesK
abilityKtoKresistK(boneKversusKsoftKtissue,Kair-
filledKversusKsolidKorgans),KandKtheKtrajectoryKofKforce.
WhatKareKtheKearlyKsignsKofKincreasedKIntracranialKpressureK-
KANSheadache,Kvomiting,KbehavioralKchangesKthatKbeginKwithKrestlessnessKandKmayKpro
gressKtoKconfusion,Kdrowsiness,KorKimpairedKjudgment
WhatKareKtheKfourKtypesKofKshock?K-
KANSHypovolemic,KCardiogenic,KObstructive,K&KDistributive
WhatKareKtheKfourKtypesKofKtraumaKrelatedKinjuries?K-
KANSBlunt,Kpenetrating,Kthermal,KorKblast.
,TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-
2025KCOMPLETEK200KQUESTIONSKANDKCORRECTKDETAILEDKANSWERSKWITHKRATIONA
LESK(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
WhatKareKtheKgreatestKrisksKforKtransport?K-
KANSLossKofKairwayKpatency,KdisplacedKobstructiveKtubesKlinesKorKcatheters,KdislodgeKspl
intingKdevices,KneedKtoKreplaceKorKreinforceKdressings,KdeteriorationKinKpatientKstatusKcha
ngeKinKvitalKsignsKorKlevelKofKconsciousness,KinjuryKtoKtheKpatientKand/orKteamKmembers
WhatKareKtheKlateKsignsKofKIncreasedKintracranialKpressureK-KANSdilated,Knon-
reactiveKpupil(s);KabnormalKmotorKposturingK(flexion,Kextension,Kflaccidity);KCushing'sKtria
d,KUnresponsiveKtoKperKverbalKandKpainfulKstimuli,KbradycardiaKandKdecreasedKrespiratory
Keffort
WhatKareKtheKsevenKpatternsKofKpathwayKinjuriesKrelatedKtoKmotorKvehicleKaccidents?K-
KANSUpKandKover,KdownKandKunder,Klateral,Krotational,Krear,KrollKover,KandKejection.
WhatKareKtheKsignsKandKsymptomsKofKdecompensatedKshock?K-
KANSDecreasedKlevelKofKconsciousness,Khypertension,KnarrowKpulseKpressure,Ktachycar
diaKwithKweakKpulses,Ktachypnea,KskinKthatKisKcoolKclammyKandKcyanotic,KbaseKaccessKou
tsideKtheKnormalKrange,KandKserumKlactateKlevelsKgreaterKthanKtwoKtoK4MMOL/L.
WhatKareKtheKsignsKandKsymptomsKofKirreversibleKshock?K-
KANSObtundedKstuporousKorKcomatoseKstate,KmarkedKhypertensionKandKheartKfailure,Kbr
adycardiaKwithKpossibleKdysrhythmias,KdecreasedKandKshallowKrespiratoryKrate,KpaleKcool
KandKclammyKskin,KkidneyKliverKandKotherKorganKfailure,KsevereKacidosis,KelevatedKlacticKa
cidKlevels,KworseningKbaseKaccessKonKABGs,KcoagulopathiesKwithKpetechiaeKpurpuraKorK
bleeding.
WhatKareKtheKsignsKofKcompensatedKshock?K-
KANSAnxiety,Kconfusion,Krestlessness,KincreasedKrespiratoryKrate,KnarrowingKpulseKpres
sureKwereKdiastolicKincreasesKyetKsystolicKremainsKunchanged,KtachycardiaKwithKboundin
gKpulses,KandKdecreasedKurinaryKoutput
WhatKareKtheKsymptomsKofKaKsubduralKhematoma?K-
KANSDecreasedKLOC,KnauseaKvomitingKheadacheKandKipsilateralKpupillaryKchanges
WhatKareKtheKthreeKfactorsKthatKcontributeKtoKtheKdamageKcausedKbyKpenetratingKtrauma'
s?K-
KANSTheKpointKofKimpact,KtheKvelocityKandKspeedKofKimpact,KandKtheKproximityKtoKtheKobje
ct.
WhatKareKtheKthreeKprocessesKthatKtransferKoxygenKfromKtheKairKtoKtheKlungsKandKbloodKst
reamK-
KANSVentilation:KtheKactiveKmechanicalKmovementKofKairKintoKandKoutKofKtheKlungs;Kdiffusi
on:KtheKpassiveKmovementKofKgasesKfromKanKareaKofKhigherKconcentrationKtoKanKareaKofKlo
werKconcentration;KandKperfusion:KtheKmovementKofKbloodKtoKandKfromKtheKlungsKasKaKdel
iveryKmediumKofKoxygenKtoKtheKentireKbody.
WhatKareKtheKthreeKstagesKofKshockK-
KANSCompensated,KdecompensatedKorKprogressive,KandKirreversible.
, TNCCK8THKEDITIONKEXAMK10KLATESTKVERSIONSK(VERSIONKAK&KB)K2024-
2025KCOMPLETEK200KQUESTIONSKANDKCORRECTKDETAILEDKANSWERSKWITHKRATIONA
LESK(VERIFIEDKANSWERS)K|ALREADYKGRADEDKA+VERIFIED
WhatKareKtheKtreatmentKgoalsKforKaKTBI?K-
KANSO2KsaturationK>KorKequalKtoK95%,KsystolicKbloodKpressureK>KorKequalKtoK100KMMHG,
KICPK<K15KMMHG,KCPPK>KorKequalKtoK60KMMHG,KnormalKglycemia,KhemoglobinK>KorKequ
alKtoK7Kg/DL,KsodiumK135-145,KosmoticKdiuretics,Kanti-
emetics,Ksedatives,Kanticonvulsants,KheadKofKbedKatK30°,KandKneckKatKmidline
WhatKcausesKquarternaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSAllKexplosionKrelatedKinjuries,Killnesses,KorKdiseasesKnotKdueKtoKtheKfirstKthreeKmech
anisms.KInjuriesKincludeKexternalKandKinternalKburns,KcrushKinjuries,KclosedKandKopenKbrai
nKinjuries,KasthmaticKorKbreathingKproblemsKfromKdustKsmokeKorKtoxicKfumes,Kangina,KorK
hyperKglycemiaKandKhypertension.
WhatKcausesKquinaryKeffectsKofKblastsKtraumas?K-
KANSThoseKassociatedKwithKexposureKtoKhazardousKmaterialsKfromKradioactive,Kbiologic,
KorKchemicalKcomponentsKofKaKblast.KInjuriesKincludeKaKvarietyKofKhealthKeffectsKdependin
gKonKagent.
WhatKcausesKtheKprimaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSTheKdirectKblastKeffects.KTypesKofKinjuriesKincludeKlastKlong,KtympanicKmembraneKru
ptureKandKmiddleKearKdamage,KabdominalKhemorrhageKandKperforation,KglobalKrupture,K
mildKTrumaticKbrainKinjury.
WhatKcausesKtheKsecondaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSProjectilesKpropelledKbyKtheKexplosion.KInjuriesKincludeKpenetratingKorKbluntKinjuriesK
orKIKpenetration.
WhatKcausesKtheKtertiaryKeffectsKofKblastKtraumas?K-
KANSResultsKfromKindividualsKbeingKthrownKbyKtheKblastKwind.KInjuriesKincludeKholeKorKpar
tialKbodyKtranslocationKfromKbeingKthrownKagainstKaKhardKservice:KbluntKorKpenetratingKtra
uma's,Kfractures,KtraumaticKamputations.
WhatKisKaKtrademarkKsymptomKofKanKepiduralKhematomaK-
KANSLossKofKconsciousnessKthenKawakeKandKalertKthenKlossKofKconsciousness
WhatKisKbending?K-
KANSLoadingKaboutKanKaxis.KBendingKcausesKcompressionKonKtheKsideKtheKpersonKisKbe
ndingKtowardKintentionKtoKtheKoppositeKside
WhatKisKcombinedKloading?K-
KANSAnyKcombinationKofKtensionKcompressionKtorsionKbendingKand/orKshear.
WhatKisKcompression?K-KANSCrushingKbyKsqueezingKtogether
WhatKisKCullen'sKsignKandKitsKsignificance?K-
KANSCullensKsignKisKperiumbilicalKbruisingKandKisKindicativeKofKintraperitonealKbleeding
WhatKisKshearing?K-
KANSDamageKbyKtearingKorKbendingKbyKexertingKfaucetKdifferentKpartsKinKoppositeKdirectio
nsKatKtheKsameKtime.
