FLS WRITTEN EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+ 100% VERIFIED.
1. Laparoscope diameters ANS >>> 2-10 mm
2. Laparoscope lengths ANS >>> 30-45 cm
3. Hopkins Rod lens system ANS >>> light from source to operative field >>
capture and transmit reflected light through the scope and camera couple >> light
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, sensitive chip in the camera head
4. Decreasing ability for image capture with what factors? ANS >>> increasing
length, increasing angle, and decreasing diameter (ex ANS >>> 5 mm, 30 degree
scope admits less light than a 10 mm, 0 degree scope)
5. Laparoscopic damage susceptibility increases with which factors? ANS
>>> de- creasing diameter, increasing length
6. 0 degree laparocope most useful? ANS >>> when structures most in line with the
trocars and in small places (deep pelvis, high mediastinum)
7. 30- and 45-degree laparocope ANS >>> offer more flexibility/versatility than 0
degree (but need more skills)
8. Troubleshooting smudge on laparoscope? ANS >>> o Wipe on clean tissue
(liver or bowel)
o Remove scope and clean with towel
o Clean port (newer systems may not need this as no mechanical seal)
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 9. Warmed/humidified CO2 ANS >>> decreases postop pain and temperature
(compared to gas directly from cylinder)
but is not clinically significant in cases < 90min
10. High powered light source wattage? ANS >>> 300 watt Xenon lamp
11. "Picture in Picture" feature ANS >>> · Helpful if need for intra-op of flexible
endoscopy or ultrasound of GI or GU tract, liver ultrasound, hysteroscopy, bile duct
exploration
o Basically smaller picture in corner to show scope imaging + additional images
12. · Work space decrease in size ANS >>> Actual pressure higher than set
pressure
= ANS >>> o Patient may not be sufficiently relaxed or there is obstruction
o Twitch monitors may not represent this well as diaphragm recovery from paralytics
differs from skeletal muscles
o Mechanical obstruction - closed valve on port, kink, standing on tubing
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 13. Low pressure and high flow rate = ANS >>> = leak in system
o tubing disconnected from insufflator or port
o Valve open—check to make sure valves are cloed
o Check all port sites for leaking CO2
o Hollow organs check distension of bowel or bladder catheter
14. Waveforms ANS >>> coag, cut, blend
15. · Tissue effects ANS >>> ANS >>> o Vaporization ANS >>> 'cut', non-contact,
deep injury with minimal lateral damage
o Fulguration ANS >>> 'coag', non-contact, superficial wide injury
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
A+ 100% VERIFIED.
1. Laparoscope diameters ANS >>> 2-10 mm
2. Laparoscope lengths ANS >>> 30-45 cm
3. Hopkins Rod lens system ANS >>> light from source to operative field >>
capture and transmit reflected light through the scope and camera couple >> light
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, sensitive chip in the camera head
4. Decreasing ability for image capture with what factors? ANS >>> increasing
length, increasing angle, and decreasing diameter (ex ANS >>> 5 mm, 30 degree
scope admits less light than a 10 mm, 0 degree scope)
5. Laparoscopic damage susceptibility increases with which factors? ANS
>>> de- creasing diameter, increasing length
6. 0 degree laparocope most useful? ANS >>> when structures most in line with the
trocars and in small places (deep pelvis, high mediastinum)
7. 30- and 45-degree laparocope ANS >>> offer more flexibility/versatility than 0
degree (but need more skills)
8. Troubleshooting smudge on laparoscope? ANS >>> o Wipe on clean tissue
(liver or bowel)
o Remove scope and clean with towel
o Clean port (newer systems may not need this as no mechanical seal)
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 9. Warmed/humidified CO2 ANS >>> decreases postop pain and temperature
(compared to gas directly from cylinder)
but is not clinically significant in cases < 90min
10. High powered light source wattage? ANS >>> 300 watt Xenon lamp
11. "Picture in Picture" feature ANS >>> · Helpful if need for intra-op of flexible
endoscopy or ultrasound of GI or GU tract, liver ultrasound, hysteroscopy, bile duct
exploration
o Basically smaller picture in corner to show scope imaging + additional images
12. · Work space decrease in size ANS >>> Actual pressure higher than set
pressure
= ANS >>> o Patient may not be sufficiently relaxed or there is obstruction
o Twitch monitors may not represent this well as diaphragm recovery from paralytics
differs from skeletal muscles
o Mechanical obstruction - closed valve on port, kink, standing on tubing
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 13. Low pressure and high flow rate = ANS >>> = leak in system
o tubing disconnected from insufflator or port
o Valve open—check to make sure valves are cloed
o Check all port sites for leaking CO2
o Hollow organs check distension of bowel or bladder catheter
14. Waveforms ANS >>> coag, cut, blend
15. · Tissue effects ANS >>> ANS >>> o Vaporization ANS >>> 'cut', non-contact,
deep injury with minimal lateral damage
o Fulguration ANS >>> 'coag', non-contact, superficial wide injury
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
