TRU BIOL 1693 module 1 : The
Endocrine System Question and
answers rated A+ 2025
exocrine - correct answer ✔exocrine glands secrete into ducts. the ducts
carry the secretions to the target site or onto the surface of the body
endocrine - correct answer ✔endocrine glands secrete their products,
hormones, into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells, which then
diffuses into capillaries to be carried away by the blood
hormones - correct answer ✔hormones are powerful regardless of
concentration level. hormones travel throughout the body but only affect
certain target cells, which have specific protein or glycoprotein receptors
which the hormones bind to
receptors - correct answer ✔receptors are constantly synthesized and
broken down. when too much hormone is present down-regulation occurs.
When a hormone is deficient, up-regulation occurs
down regulation - correct answer ✔a decrease in the number of hormone
receptors
up regulation - correct answer ✔an increase in the number of hormone
receptors
Lipid soluble hormones - correct answer ✔steroid hormones, which are
made from cholesterol, thyroid hormones, and nitric oxide
, water soluble hormones - correct answer ✔single amino acid, epinephrine,
norepinephrine, peptides which include antidiuretic hormone or ADH and
oxytocin, proteins that include insulin and growth hormone
hormone response - correct answer ✔the response to a hormone depends
on both the hormone and the target cell. various target cells respond
differently to different hormones
Lipid soluble hormone mechanism - correct answer ✔lipid soluble hormones
bind to and activate receptors within cells. these activated receptors then alter
gene expression, which causes the formation of new proteins that alter cell
activity.
water soluble hormone mechanism - correct answer ✔water soluble
hormones alter cell functions by activating plasma membrane receptors,
which sets off a cascade of events inside the cell
first messenger - correct answer ✔a water soluble hormone that binds to the
cell membrane receptor is called the first messenger
second messenger - correct answer ✔a second messenger is released
inside the cell in which hormone-stimulated response occurs
typical A.M.P. second messenger mechanism - correct answer ✔the
hormone binds to the membrane receptor. this activated receptor initializes a
membrane G protein that turns in adenylate cyclase. the, adenylate cyclase
converts A.T.P. into cyclic A.M.P., which activates protein kinases. Protein
Kinases phosphorylate enzymes catalyze reactions that produce the
physiological response.
Endocrine System Question and
answers rated A+ 2025
exocrine - correct answer ✔exocrine glands secrete into ducts. the ducts
carry the secretions to the target site or onto the surface of the body
endocrine - correct answer ✔endocrine glands secrete their products,
hormones, into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells, which then
diffuses into capillaries to be carried away by the blood
hormones - correct answer ✔hormones are powerful regardless of
concentration level. hormones travel throughout the body but only affect
certain target cells, which have specific protein or glycoprotein receptors
which the hormones bind to
receptors - correct answer ✔receptors are constantly synthesized and
broken down. when too much hormone is present down-regulation occurs.
When a hormone is deficient, up-regulation occurs
down regulation - correct answer ✔a decrease in the number of hormone
receptors
up regulation - correct answer ✔an increase in the number of hormone
receptors
Lipid soluble hormones - correct answer ✔steroid hormones, which are
made from cholesterol, thyroid hormones, and nitric oxide
, water soluble hormones - correct answer ✔single amino acid, epinephrine,
norepinephrine, peptides which include antidiuretic hormone or ADH and
oxytocin, proteins that include insulin and growth hormone
hormone response - correct answer ✔the response to a hormone depends
on both the hormone and the target cell. various target cells respond
differently to different hormones
Lipid soluble hormone mechanism - correct answer ✔lipid soluble hormones
bind to and activate receptors within cells. these activated receptors then alter
gene expression, which causes the formation of new proteins that alter cell
activity.
water soluble hormone mechanism - correct answer ✔water soluble
hormones alter cell functions by activating plasma membrane receptors,
which sets off a cascade of events inside the cell
first messenger - correct answer ✔a water soluble hormone that binds to the
cell membrane receptor is called the first messenger
second messenger - correct answer ✔a second messenger is released
inside the cell in which hormone-stimulated response occurs
typical A.M.P. second messenger mechanism - correct answer ✔the
hormone binds to the membrane receptor. this activated receptor initializes a
membrane G protein that turns in adenylate cyclase. the, adenylate cyclase
converts A.T.P. into cyclic A.M.P., which activates protein kinases. Protein
Kinases phosphorylate enzymes catalyze reactions that produce the
physiological response.
