MDC II - Final Exam - Rasmussen
*PT PAP HOT*
▪ Pituitary
▪ Thyroid
▪ Pancreas
▪ Adrenals
▪ Parathyroid
▪ Hypothalamus
▪ Ovaries
▪ Testes *** What are the glands of the endocrine system? (SATA Q?)
Grave's disease *** an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is characterized by
*goiter and/or exophthalmos*
*Treatments*
▪ Rx: methimazole, atenolol, and *iodine-131*
▪ radiation therapy
*Nursing Interventions*
▪ provide a calm environment
▪ keep patients room cool
▪ assess pain
▪ prepare patient for surgery
,▪ post-operative care
▪ maintain a patent airway
-------- same as hypothyroidism ---------
▪ provide periods of rest
▪ continuous cardiac monitoring
▪ monitor vital signs
▪ daily weight
▪ monitor I&O
▪ monitor laboratory tests
▪ apply antiembolism stockings to prevent DVT
▪ provide skin care *** *HYPERthyroidism aka Grave's disease*
▪ Treatments
pituitary gland *** _________ is considered to be the "master gland" as it secretes hormones that
control other parts of the endocrine system.
▪ ACTH
▪ TSH
▪ are the most life threatening because they cause a decrease in the secretion of vital hormones from
the adrenal and thyroid glands. *** *Anterior HYPOpituitarism*
▪ Deficiencies of which two hormones are the most life threatening?
Bloodwork (*all are DECREASED*)
,▪ T3
▪ T4
▪ Prolactin
▪ Testosterone
▪ Estradiol
Scans (you'll always draw blood work first for diagnostics though)
▪ CT/MRI - detect bone or soft tissue lesions
▪ Skull X-ray - detect enlargement, erosions, and calcification of the sella turcica *** *Anterior
HYPOpituitarism*
▪ Laboratory & Diagnostic Tests
TRUE! We have very small amounts of testosterone or estradiol no matter if we are men or women. ***
T/F: do both men and women have testosterone and estradiol?
*INCREASED:*
▪ Prolactin - this might be the answer to the Q
▪ Cortisol
▪ TSH
▪ LH (men)
▪ FSH (men)
▪ Glucose
*DECREASED:*
▪ Gonadotropin *** *Anterior HYPERpituitarism*
, (SATA Q?)
▪ Laboratory Tests
▪ Prevent infection because they are immunosuppressed
▪ handwashing *** HYPERcortisolism (aka Cushing's Disease)
*Priority Intervention*
diabetes insipidus *** ▪ *Deficiency of ADH* resulting in large volumes of dilute urine
▪ A disorder of the posterior pituitary gland
*They are losing a lot of water:*
• polyuria
• polydipsia
• dehydration
• fluid/electrolyte imbalance
• dilute, low urine specific gravity (<1.005)
• high plasma osmolarity
• output does not decrease when fluid intake decreases
*remember! your s/s are going to look like dehydration*
• tachycardia
*PT PAP HOT*
▪ Pituitary
▪ Thyroid
▪ Pancreas
▪ Adrenals
▪ Parathyroid
▪ Hypothalamus
▪ Ovaries
▪ Testes *** What are the glands of the endocrine system? (SATA Q?)
Grave's disease *** an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is characterized by
*goiter and/or exophthalmos*
*Treatments*
▪ Rx: methimazole, atenolol, and *iodine-131*
▪ radiation therapy
*Nursing Interventions*
▪ provide a calm environment
▪ keep patients room cool
▪ assess pain
▪ prepare patient for surgery
,▪ post-operative care
▪ maintain a patent airway
-------- same as hypothyroidism ---------
▪ provide periods of rest
▪ continuous cardiac monitoring
▪ monitor vital signs
▪ daily weight
▪ monitor I&O
▪ monitor laboratory tests
▪ apply antiembolism stockings to prevent DVT
▪ provide skin care *** *HYPERthyroidism aka Grave's disease*
▪ Treatments
pituitary gland *** _________ is considered to be the "master gland" as it secretes hormones that
control other parts of the endocrine system.
▪ ACTH
▪ TSH
▪ are the most life threatening because they cause a decrease in the secretion of vital hormones from
the adrenal and thyroid glands. *** *Anterior HYPOpituitarism*
▪ Deficiencies of which two hormones are the most life threatening?
Bloodwork (*all are DECREASED*)
,▪ T3
▪ T4
▪ Prolactin
▪ Testosterone
▪ Estradiol
Scans (you'll always draw blood work first for diagnostics though)
▪ CT/MRI - detect bone or soft tissue lesions
▪ Skull X-ray - detect enlargement, erosions, and calcification of the sella turcica *** *Anterior
HYPOpituitarism*
▪ Laboratory & Diagnostic Tests
TRUE! We have very small amounts of testosterone or estradiol no matter if we are men or women. ***
T/F: do both men and women have testosterone and estradiol?
*INCREASED:*
▪ Prolactin - this might be the answer to the Q
▪ Cortisol
▪ TSH
▪ LH (men)
▪ FSH (men)
▪ Glucose
*DECREASED:*
▪ Gonadotropin *** *Anterior HYPERpituitarism*
, (SATA Q?)
▪ Laboratory Tests
▪ Prevent infection because they are immunosuppressed
▪ handwashing *** HYPERcortisolism (aka Cushing's Disease)
*Priority Intervention*
diabetes insipidus *** ▪ *Deficiency of ADH* resulting in large volumes of dilute urine
▪ A disorder of the posterior pituitary gland
*They are losing a lot of water:*
• polyuria
• polydipsia
• dehydration
• fluid/electrolyte imbalance
• dilute, low urine specific gravity (<1.005)
• high plasma osmolarity
• output does not decrease when fluid intake decreases
*remember! your s/s are going to look like dehydration*
• tachycardia
